Risk factors for gastrointestinal complications after cardiac surgery

Purpose: gastrointestinal complication (GIC) following open heart surgery usually are rare but with high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to see the outcome of these patients after complication, compared with a similar study found in literature. Identifying risk factors preoperatively and postoperatively in our patient’s series, for GIC.Materials and methods: Between January 2012 and December 2017 from 1990 operated cardiac patient 34 of them developed GIC, presenting gastro duodenal bleeding due to active ulcer, liver failure, pancreatitis, cholecystitis, or intestinal ischemia. We performed a retrospective analysis.Results: From all consecutive patient only 1.7 % developed GIC. Mortality rate was 55.8%, especially 100 % mortality in intestinal ischemia patient. Regarding risk factors, those were the same found in other similar study (age, atherosclerosis disease, by pass time, postoperative ARF, Low cardiac output syndrome.)Conclusion: GIC after cardiac surgery are rare but when it happens the mortality is very high not even of late diagnosis. In ages patients, diabetes, long by pass time, long hypoperfusion state. It is recommended to be alert for GIC for detection in early phase, and for reducing as much as possible morbidity and mortality.

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Gastrointestinal complications following cardiac surgery

Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals ◽

10.1177/0218492320949084 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (9) ◽

pp. 621-632

Author(s):

Cheryl Yan Ting Chor ◽

Saira Mahmood ◽

Inayat Hussain Khan ◽

Manasi Shirke ◽

Amer Harky

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Gastrointestinal Complication ◽

Gastrointestinal Complications ◽

Ischemic Bowel ◽

Preventative Measures ◽

Life Threatening

Gastrointestinal complications after cardiac surgery may be uncommon but they carry high mortality rates. Incidences range from 0.5% to 5.5%, while mortality rates of such complications vary from 0.3% to 87%. They range from small gastrointestinal bleeds, ileus, and pancreatitis to life-threatening complications such as liver failure and ischemic bowel. Due to the vague and often absence of specific signs and symptoms, diagnosis of a gastrointestinal complication is often late. This article aims to review and summarize the literature concerning gastrointestinal complications after cardiac surgery. We discuss the causes, risk factors, diagnosis, preventative measures, and management of these complications. In general, risk factor identification, preventive measures, early diagnosis, and swift management are the keys to reducing the occurrence of gastrointestinal complications and their associated morbidity and mortality.

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The correlation between bowel complications and cardiac surgery

Scandinavian Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1177/1457496920983618 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 145749692098361

Author(s):

V. Mishra ◽

S. Hewage ◽

S. Islam ◽

A. Harky

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Surgical Outcomes ◽

Cardiac Patients ◽

Gastrointestinal Complications ◽

Improved Outcomes ◽

Underlying Causes ◽

Insight Into ◽

Cardiac Operations

Although advances in knowledge and technology have improved outcomes in surgical cardiac patients over the last decade, complications following cardiac operations still remain to be potentially fatal. Gastrointestinal complications, in particular, tend to have high rates of reintervention and mortality following cardiac surgery, with ischemia and hemorrhage being two of the commonest underlying causes. The intention of this review is to identify which risk factors play important roles in predisposing patients to such complications and to gain better insight into the pathogenesis of the sequelae. Furthermore, strategies for prevention have been discussed to educate and increase awareness of how adverse cardiac surgical outcomes can be minimized.

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Risk factors for gastrointestinal complications after cardiac surgery

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology &#38 Hepatology ◽

10.1038/ncpgasthep0252 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 2 (9) ◽

pp. 385-385

Author(s):

Marie Lofthouse

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Gastrointestinal Complications

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Perioperative risk factors for serious gastrointestinal complications treated by laparotomy after cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass

Critical Care ◽

10.1186/cc9426 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 15 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

P Soos ◽

B Schmack ◽

A Weymann ◽

G Veres ◽

B Merkely ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽

Perioperative Risk ◽

Gastrointestinal Complications ◽

Perioperative Risk Factors

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Gastrointestinal Complications after Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Sixteen Years of Experience

Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.1155/2005/975612 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 19 (10) ◽

pp. 613-617 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Cengiz Bolcal ◽

Hikmet Iyem ◽

Murat Sargin ◽

Ilker Mataraci ◽

Mehmet Ali şahin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Gastrointestinal Complications ◽

Major Morbidity ◽

Risk Patients ◽

Cardiac Operations ◽

Overall Mortality

BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal (GI) complications are one of the serious complications of cardiac surgery. Although rarely seen, they cause major morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively analyze the risk factors acting on the GI complications seen after cardiac operations performed under cardiopulmonary bypass.METHOD: The present study was designed to retrospectively evaluate 13,544 patients who underwent cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass, between 1988 and 2004 in the authors' clinic.RESULTS: The overall mortality was 346 (2.55%) of 13,544 patients. GI complications developed in 128 patients (0.94%). Among those, 18 (14.1%) died because of GI complications, the most common of which was bleeding. Mesenteric ischemia had the highest case-fatality rate at 71.4%. Valve surgery, concomitant valve and coronary artery bypass grafting surgery, preoperative chronic renal dysfunction, postoperative acute renal failure, deep sternal infection, prolonged ventilation, need for intra-aortic balloon pump and ejection fraction less than 30% were found to be risk factors acting on GI complications.CONCLUSION: GI complications remain a significant concern after cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass. Higher-risk patients can be identified and treated prophylactically and in the postoperative period.

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