scholarly journals Changes in Body Composition with Weight Loss: Obese Subjects Randomized to Surgical and Medical Programs*

Obesity ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1187-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Dixon ◽  
Boyd J. G. Strauss ◽  
Cheryl Laurie ◽  
Paul E. O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Medical Programs

Effect of Significant Intermediate-term Weight Loss on Serum Leptin Levels and Body Composition in Severely Obese Subjects

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 879-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Infanger ◽  
Reto Baldinger ◽  
Ruth Branson ◽  
Thomas Barbier ◽  
Rudolf Steffen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Severely Obese ◽  
Obese Subjects

scholarly journals Beneficial Effects of an 8-Week, Very Low Carbohydrate Diet Intervention on Obese Subjects

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunjuan Gu ◽  
Haoyong Yu ◽  
Yuehua Li ◽  
Xiaojing Ma ◽  
Junxi Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Obese Subjects

Aim. To investigate the effects of weight loss during an 8-week very low carbohydrate diet (VLCD) on improvement of metabolic parameters, adipose distribution and body composition, and insulin resistance and sensitivity in Chinese obese subjects.Methods. Fifty-three healthy obese volunteers were given an 8-week VLCD. The outcomes were changes in anthropometry, body composition, metabolic profile, abdominal fat distribution, liver fat percent (LFP), and insulin resistance and sensitivity.Results. A total of 46 (86.8%) obese subjects completed the study. The VLCD caused a weight loss of−8.7±0.6 kg (mean ± standard error (SE),P<0.0001) combined with a significant improvement of metabolic profile. In both male and female, nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) significantly decreased (−166.2±47.6 μmol/L,P=0.001) andβ-hydroxybutyric acid (BHA) increased (0.15±0.06 mmol/L,P=0.004) after eight weeks of VLCD intervention. The significant reductions in subcutaneous fat area (SFA), visceral fat area (VFA), and LFP were−66.5±7.9 cm2,−35.3±3.9 cm2, and−16.4±2.4%, respectively (allPvaluesP<0.0001). HOMA IR and HOMAβsignificantly decreased while whole body insulin sensitivity index (WBISI) increased (allPvaluesP<0.001).Conclusion. Eight weeks of VLCD was an effective intervention in obese subjects. These beneficial effects may be associated with enhanced hepatic and whole-body lipolysis and oxidation.

scholarly journals Effect of Spirulina maxima Supplementation and a Systematic Physical Exercise Program on Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Fitness of Overweight or Obese Subjects: A Double Blind Randomized, Crossover Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Antonio Hernández-Lepe ◽  
José Alberto López-Díaz ◽  
Marco Antonio Juárez-Oropeza ◽  
Rosa Patricia Hernández-Torres ◽  
Abraham Wall-Medrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Spirulina Maxima ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
Obese Subjects

: Background: Overweight and obesity are major risk factors for many chronic diseases, and weight-loss interventions often include systematic exercising and nutritional supplements. The purpose of this study was to determine the independent/synergistic effects of Spirulina maxima supplementation (6-week, 4.5 g/day) and a systematic physical exercise program (6 weeks/ 2 times) on body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness of overweight and obese subjects. Methods: 27 overweight and 25 obese sedentary male subjects were assigned to four interventions through a randomized double-blind, crossover controlled trial: Physical exercise program with (SE) or without (Ex) Spirulina maxima or no-exercise program with (Sm) and without (C) Spirulina maxima. Body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness parameters were taken during a maximal intensity test. Results: As compared to C group, SE, Sm and Ex groups reduced (p &lt; 0.05) their body fat percentage while improving their maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max; r = &minus;0.40), being obese subjects more benefited. Weight loss, time to reach fatigue and onset of blood lactate accumulation were improved in both Spirulina maxima supplemented groups, regardless the subjects&rsquo; body composition. Conclusions: Spirulina maxima supplementation synergistically improves the effects of systematic exercise in body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness parameters in overweight but mostly in obese adults.

The Weight Loss Effects of Branched Chain Amino Acids and Vitamin B6: A Randomized Controlled Trial on Obese and Overweight Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Shakibay Novin ◽  
Saeed Ghavamzadeh ◽  
Alireza Mehdizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Branched Chain

Abstract. Branched chain amino acids (BCAA), with vitamin B6 have been reported to improve fat metabolism and muscle synthesis. We hypothesized that supplementation with BCAA and vitamin B6 would result in more weight loss and improve body composition and blood markers related to cardiovascular diseases. Our aim was to determine whether the mentioned supplementation would affect weight loss, body composition, and cardiovascular risk factors during weight loss intervention. To this end, we performed a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial in 42 overweight and obese women (BMI = 25–34.9 kg/m2). Taking a four-week moderate deficit calorie diet (–500 kcal/day), participants were randomized to receive BCAA (6 g/day) with vitamin B6 (40 mg/day) or placebo. Body composition variables measured with the use of bioelectrical impedance analysis, homeostatic model assessment, and plasma insulin, Low density lipoprotein, High density lipoprotein, Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride, and fasting blood sugar were measured. The result indicated that, weight loss was not significantly affected by BCAA and vitamin B6 supplementation (–2.43 ± 1.02 kg) or placebo (–1.64 ± 1.48 kg). However, significant time × treatment interactions in waist to hip ratio (P = 0.005), left leg lean (P = 0.004) and right leg lean (P = 0.023) were observed. Overall, supplementation with BCAA and vitamin B6 could preserve legs lean and also attenuated waist to hip ratio.

Effects of a Low Carbohydrate Weight Loss Diet on Exercise Capacity and Tolerance in Obese Subjects

Obesity ◽  
2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant D. Brinkworth ◽  
Manny Noakes ◽  
Peter M. Clifton ◽  
Jonathan D. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Weight Loss Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Obese Subjects

Effect of a cross-linked cellulose-containing weight-loss supplement on gastric emptying and sensory functions in obese subjects

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (S 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
HK Berthold ◽  
S Unverdorben ◽  
R Degenhardt ◽  
B Geypens ◽  
I Gouni-Berthold
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Sensory Functions

scholarly journals Weight Cycling in Women: Adaptation or Risk?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katelyn J. Carey ◽  
Wendy Vitek
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Surrogate Markers ◽  
Weight Cycling ◽  
Gut Peptides

AbstractObesity, dieting, and weight cycling are common among reproductive-age women. Weight cycling refers to intentional weight loss followed by unintentional weight regain. Weight loss is accompanied by changes in gut peptides, adipose hormones, and energy expenditure that promote weight regain to a tightly regulated set point. While weight loss can improve body composition and surrogate markers of cardiometabolic health, it is hypothesized that the weight regain can result in an overshoot effect, resulting in excess weight gain, altered body composition, and negative effects on surrogate markers of cardiometabolic health. Numerous observational studies have examined the association of weight cycling and health outcomes. There appears to be modest association between weight cycling with type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia in women, but no association with hypertension, cardiovascular events, and overall cancer risk. Interestingly, mild weight cycling may be associated with a decreased risk of overall and cardiovascular mortality. Little is known about the effects of weight cycling in the preconception period. Although obesity and weight gain are associated with pregnancy complications, preconception weight loss does not appear to mitigate the risk of most pregnancy complications related to obesity. Research on preconception weight cycling may provide insight into this paradox.

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