scholarly journals Do polygenic risk and stressful life events predict pharmacological treatment response in obsessive compulsive disorder? A gene–environment interaction approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Alemany-Navarro ◽  
Javier Costas ◽  
Eva Real ◽  
Cinto Segalàs ◽  
Sara Bertolín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Gene Environment Interaction ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Interaction Approach

Vulnerability to early stressful life events: The moderating role of HOMER1 gene in the gene × environment interaction

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Yidi Chen ◽  
Lizhong Wang ◽  
Dongdong Jiang ◽  
Shanshan Zhu ◽  
WeGene Research Team ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Gene Environment Interaction ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Moderating Role

scholarly journals Vulnerability to depression: what is the role of stress genes in gene × environment interaction?

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1407-1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. El Hage ◽  
J. F. Powell ◽  
S. A. Surguladze
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Stress Genes ◽  
Gene Environment Interaction ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Psychological Medicine ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Editorial Review

Vulnerability to depression has been linked to the interaction of genetic predisposition with stressful life events. This review considers the associations between serotonergic and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) systems. We follow the standpoint of a previous Editorial Review (Bhagwagar & Cowen, Psychological Medicine 2008, 38, 307–313) and consider another possible mechanism of vulnerability to depressive disorder, that is we suggest that the gene×environment interaction involves complex participation of serotonergic genes modulating response to stress through the HPA system.

scholarly journals Impacts of Stressful Life Events and Traumatic Experiences on Onset of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keitaro Murayama ◽  
Tomohiro Nakao ◽  
Aikana Ohno ◽  
Sae Tsuruta ◽  
Hirofumi Tomiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Contamination Fear ◽  
Original Meaning

Not a few patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have experienced events that affected the onset. The onset of OCD is not limited to the original meaning of trauma; rather, traumatic experiences such as unexpected exposure to contaminants or various stressful life events often cause the onset of OCD. It would be useful to understand the experiences surrounding the onset, including stressful life events and traumatic experiences, for comprehension of the pathophysiology of OCD. In the present study, we investigated the onset conditions of 281 patients with OCD and compared clinical characteristics among groups with or without stressful life events including traumatic experiences. As a result, 172 (61.2%) participants had experienced various stressful life events, and 98 (34%) participants had had traumatic experiences before the onset. Furthermore, the participants who had had stressful life events showed more contamination/fear symptoms compared with those without such life events. Meanwhile, the patients who had had specific traumatic experiences showed a tendency toward hoarding obsessions. To comprehend the pathophysiology of OCD, it is important to understand the stressful life events that precede its onset.

scholarly journals Effect of polygenic risk scores on depression in childhood trauma

2014 ◽  
Vol 205 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wouter J. Peyrot ◽  
Yuri Milaneschi ◽  
Abdel Abdellaoui ◽  
Patrick F. Sullivan ◽  
Jouke J. Hottenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Gene Environment Interaction ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Direct Genetic Effect

BackgroundResearch on gene×environment interaction in major depressive disorder (MDD) has thus far primarily focused on candidate genes, although genetic effects are known to be polygenic.AimsTo test whether the effect of polygenic risk scores on MDD is moderated by childhood trauma.MethodThe study sample consisted of 1645 participants with a DSM-IV diagnosis of MDD and 340 screened controls from The Netherlands. Chronic or remitted episodes (severe MDD) were present in 956 participants. The occurrence of childhood trauma was assessed with the Childhood Trauma Interview and the polygenic risk scores were based on genome-wide meta-analysis results from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium.ResultsThe polygenic risk scores and childhood trauma independently affected MDD risk, and evidence was found for interaction as departure from both multiplicativity and additivity, indicating that the effect of polygenic risk scores on depression is increased in the presence of childhood trauma. The interaction effects were similar in predicting all MDD risk and severe MDD risk, and explained a proportion of variation in MDD risk comparable to the polygenic risk scores themselves.ConclusionsThe interaction effect found between polygenic risk scores and childhood trauma implies that (1) studies on direct genetic effect on MDD gain power by focusing on individuals exposed to childhood trauma, and that (2) individuals with both high polygenic risk scores and exposure to childhood trauma are particularly at risk for developing MDD.

When patients with OCD decide to seek, and not to avoid harm: The problem of suicidality in OCD

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela M. Ferreira ◽  
Natalie V. Zanini ◽  
Gabriela B. de Menezes ◽  
Lucy Albertella ◽  
Louise Destree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Obsessive Beliefs ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic, distressing, and disabling condition associated with a high risk of suicidal behavior and death by suicide. In this study, the authors describe two cases of OCD patients who developed recurrent suicidal behaviors in response to stressful life events that appeared to “confirm” their obsessive beliefs (termed “confirmatory events”). In both cases, the authors used accepted strategies for treating suicidality in other contexts (such as antidepressants, lithium, and electroconvulsive therapy), which proved unsuccessful. Future studies should investigate personalized strategies to treat suicidality and prevent suicide in OCD patients.

scholarly journals Brain structural correlates of obsessive–compulsive disorder with and without preceding stressful life events

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 366-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Real ◽  
M. Subirà ◽  
P. Alonso ◽  
C. Segalàs ◽  
J. Labad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

scholarly journals Genetic moderation of environmental risk for depression and anxiety in adolescent girls

2001 ◽  
Vol 179 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Silberg ◽  
Michael Rutter ◽  
Michael Neale ◽  
Lindon Eaves
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Gene Environment Interaction ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Significant Gene ◽  
Independent Life

BackgroundThere is huge individual variation in people's response to negative life events.AimsTo test the hypothesis that genetic factors moderate susceptibility to the environmentally mediated risks associated with negative life events.MethodThe Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development (VTSABD) was used to study the effects of independent life events (assessed from maternal interview) on depression/anxiety (assessed from child interview) in 184 same-gender female twin pairs, aged 14–17 years, measured on two occasions.ResultsThere was no genetic effect on the independent negative life events studied. A significant gene–environment interaction was found using structural equation modelling. There was no effect of independent life events on adolescents' depression in the absence of parental emotional disorder, but a significant effect in its presence.ConclusionsThere is an environmentally mediated effect of life events on depression/anxiety. Genetic factors play a significant role in individual differences in susceptibility to these environmentally mediated risks.

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