scholarly journals Effects of prebiotics on sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, mortality, feeding intolerance, time to full enteral feeding, length of hospital stay, and stool frequency in preterm infants: a meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Chi ◽  
Nicholas Buys ◽  
Cheng Li ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
Chenghong Yin
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Enteral Feeding ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Stool Frequency ◽  
Feeding Intolerance ◽  
Full Enteral Feeding

scholarly journals Efficacy of oral erythromycin to enhance feeding tolerance in preterm infants

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Made Sukmawati ◽  
Rinawati Rohsiswatmo ◽  
Rulina Suradi ◽  
Pramita Gayatri
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Enteral Feeding ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Feeding Intolerance ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Full Enteral Feeding ◽  
Feeding Tolerance

Background Feeding intolerance is a common condition that affects preterm infants. Erythromycin is a prokinetic agent used to treat feeding intolerance, but its efficacy remains inconclusive.Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of oral erythromycin to enhance feeding tolerance in preterm infants.Methods This prospective, randomized controlled trial in preterm infants was conducted at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, from June 2015 to January 2016. Eligible infants were randomized to receive either 12.5 mg/kg/dose oral erythromycin or a placebo, every 8 hours. The primary outcome was the time to establish full enteral feeding. The secondary outcomes were body weight at full enteral feeding and length of hospital stay.Results Of 62 initial subjects, 3 infants dropped out of the study. Thirty infants were given erythromycin and 29 infants were given placebo. The baseline characteristics of the two groups were similar, with mean of gestational ages of 31.4 (SD 1.7) weeks in the erythromycin group and 32.4 (SD 2.2) weeks in the placebo group. The median times to reach full enteral feeding did not significantly differ between the two groups, with 10 (SD 5.3) days in the erythromycin group vs. 8 (SD 6.5) days in the placebo group (P=0.345). Also, median body weights at full enteral feeding and lengths of hospital stay were not significantly different between the two groups.Conclusion Erythromycin of 12.5 mg/kg/dose every 8 hours as prophylactic treatment does not significantly enhance feeding tolerance in preterm infants. Median body weights at full enteral feeding and length of hospital stay are not significantly different between the erythromycin and placebo groups.

Effect of Oral Motor Intervention on Oral Feeding in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Danna Chen ◽  
Zhen Yang ◽  
Chujie Chen ◽  
Pu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Transition Time ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Oral Motor ◽  
Feeding Efficiency

Objective This review article aimed to explore the effect of oral motor intervention on oral feeding in preterm infants through a meta-analysis. Method Eligible studies were retrieved from four databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) up to July 2020 and screened based on established selection criteria. Thereafter, relevant data were extracted and heterogeneity tests were conducted to select appropriate effect models according to the chi-square test and I 2 statistics. Assessment of risk of bias was performed among the included studies. Finally, a meta-analysis was carried out to evaluate the effect of oral motor intervention in preterm infants according to four clinical indicators: transition time for oral feeding, length of hospital stay, feeding efficiency, and weight gain. Results Eighteen randomized controlled trials with 848 participants were selected to evaluate the effect of oral motor intervention on preterm infants. The meta-analysis results revealed that oral motor intervention could effectively reduce the transition time to full oral feeds and the length of hospital stay as well as increase feeding efficiency and weight gain. Conclusions Oral motor intervention was an effective way to improve oral feeding in preterm infants. It is worthy to be used widely in hospitals to improve the clinical outcomes of preterm infants and reduce the economic burdens of families and society. Future studies should seek to identify detailed intervention processes and intervention durations for clinical application.

scholarly journals Oropharyngeal Administration of Colostrum for Preventing Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Late-onset Sepsis in Preterm Infants with Gestational Age ≤ 32 Weeks: A Single-center Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
xia ouyang ◽  
changyi yang ◽  
wenlong xiu ◽  
yanhua hu ◽  
susu mei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Enteral Feeding ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Full Enteral Feeding

Abstract BackgroundOropharyngeal administration of colostrum (OAC) may provide immunoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects that potentially reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and late-onset sepsis (LOS) and improve short-term outcomes.ObjectiveTo evaluate the role of OAC in the early prevention of NEC and LOS in preterm infants with gestational age (GA) ≤ 32 weeks.MethodsA randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in a 40-bed tertiary neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in China. Preterm infants with GA ≤ 32 weeks were divided randomly into an OAC group, which received 0.4 ml maternal colostrum smearing via the oropharyngeal route every 3 hours for 10 days beginning within the first 48 hours after birth, and a control group, which received normal saline instead. Data from the two groups were collected and compared.ResultsA total of 127 patients in the OAC group and 125 patients in the control group were finally enrolled. The incidence of NEC (Bell stage 2 or 3) and LOS was lower in the OAC group [2.4% vs. 10.4%, χ2 = 6.845, ༰=0.009; 4.7% vs. 13.6%, χ2 = 5.983, ༰=0.014]. In addition, the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) (stage 3 or 4) was lower [1.6% vs. 7.2%,χ2 = 4.775, ༰=0.029], and the time of achieving full enteral feeding was shorter [ 22.0 days vs. 25.0 days༌Z = 6༌424.500༌P = 0.009)] in the OAC group. No cases of adverse reactions were observed in either group.ConclusionsOAC is a safe and simple NICU procedure that yields a potential advantage in decreasing the incidence of NEC, LOS, and severe IVH and shortening the time to achieve full enteral feeding in preterm infants with GA ≤ 32 weeks.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1900023697, Registered 8 June 2019, Retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx? pid = 39398

scholarly journals Preterm newborn readiness for oral feeding: systematic review and meta-analysis

CoDAS ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Henriques Lima ◽  
Marcela Guimarães Côrtes ◽  
Maria Cândida Ferrarez Bouzada ◽  
Amélia Augusta de Lima Friche
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Transition Time ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
Stimulation Of

PURPOSE: To identify and systematize the main studies on the transition from enteral to oral feeding in preterm infants. RESEARCH STRATEGY: Articles that describe the transition from oral to enteral feeding in preterm infants were located in MEDLINE, LILACS, and SciELO databases. SELECTION CRITERIA: Original studies, with available abstract, published in the last 10 years were included. DATA ANALYSIS: Analysis of the methodology and the main results of the studies, and meta-analysis of the effects of sensory-motor-oral stimulation at the time of transition to full oral feeding and duration of hospitalization were conducted. RESULTS: Twenty-nine national and international publications were considered. Most studies were clinical trials (44.8%) and did not use rating scales to start the transition process (82.7%). In the meta-analysis, positive effect of stimulation of the sensory-motor-oral system was observed with respect to the transition time to oral diet (p=0.0000), but not in relation to the length of hospital stay (p=0.09). However, heterogeneity between studies was found both in the analysis of the transition time to full oral feeding (I2=93.98) and in the length of hospital stay (I2=82.30). CONCLUSION: The transition to oral feeding is an important moment, and various physical and clinical characteristics of preterm infants have been used to describe this process. Despite the impossibility of generalizing the results due to the heterogeneity of the studies, we have noted the importance of strategies for stimulation of sensory-motor-oral system to decrease the period of transition to full oral feeding system.

scholarly journals Probiotics and Time to Achieve Full Enteral Feeding in Human Milk-Fed and Formula-Fed Preterm Infants: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna Aceti ◽  
Davide Gori ◽  
Giovanni Barone ◽  
Maria Callegari ◽  
Maria Fantini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Enteral Feeding ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Full Enteral Feeding

scholarly journals Enteral Feeding Strategies in Preterm Neonates ≤32 weeks Gestational Age: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Viraraghavan Vadakkencherry Ramaswamy ◽  
Tapas Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Javed Ahmed ◽  
Prathik Bandiya ◽  
Sanja Zivanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enteral Feeding ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Moderate Volume ◽  
Full Enteral Feeding ◽  
Critical Aspects

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Critical aspects of time of feed initiation, advancement, and volume of feed increment in preterm neonates remain largely unanswered. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Medline , Embase, CENTRAL and CINAHL were searched from inception until 25th September 2020. Network meta-analysis with the Bayesian approach was used. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating preterm neonates ≤32 weeks were included. Feeding regimens were divided based on the following categories: initiation day: early (&#x3c;72 h), moderately early (72 h–7 days), and late (&#x3e;7 days); advancement day: early (&#x3c;72 h), moderately early (72 h–7 days), and late (&#x3e;7 days); increment volume: small volume (SV) (&#x3c;20 mL/kg/day), moderate volume (MoV) (20–&#x3c; 30 mL/kg/day), and large volume (≥30 mL/kg/day); and full enteral feeding from the first day. Sixteen regimens were evaluated. Combined outcome of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) stage ≥ II or mortality before discharge was the primary outcome. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 39 studies enrolled around 6,982 neonates. Early initiation (EI) with moderately early or late advancement using MoV increment enteral feeding regimens appeared to be most efficacious in decreasing the risk of NEC or mortality when compared to EI and early advancement with SV increment (risk ratio [95% credible interval]: 0.39 [0.12, 0.95]; 0.34 [0.10, 0.86]) (GRADE–very low). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Early initiated, moderately early, or late advanced with MoV increment feeding regimens might be most appropriate in decreasing the risk of NEC stage ≥II or mortality. In view of the certainty of evidence being very low, adequately powered RCTs evaluating these 2 strategies are warranted.

Haemostatic devices in parotid surgery: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
L Allen ◽  
C MacKay ◽  
M H Rigby ◽  
J Trites ◽  
S M Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Operative Blood Loss ◽  
Parotid Surgery

Abstract Objective The Harmonic Scalpel and Ligasure (Covidien) devices are commonly used in head and neck surgery. Parotidectomy is a complex and intricate surgery that requires careful dissection of the facial nerve. This study aimed to compare surgical outcomes in parotidectomy using these haemostatic devices with traditional scalpel and cautery. Method A systematic review of the literature was performed with subsequent meta-analysis of seven studies that compared the use of haemostatic devices to traditional scalpel and cautery in parotidectomy. Outcome measures included: temporary facial paresis, operating time, intra-operative blood loss, post-operative drain output and length of hospital stay. Results A total of 7 studies representing 675 patients were identified: 372 patients were treated with haemostatic devices, and 303 patients were treated with scalpel and cautery. Statistically significant outcomes favouring the use of haemostatic devices included operating time, intra-operative blood loss and post-operative drain output. Outcome measures that did not favour either treatment included facial nerve paresis and length of hospital stay. Conclusion Overall, haemostatic devices were found to reduce operating time, intra-operative blood loss and post-operative drain output.

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