scholarly journals Large-area and adaptable electrospun silicon-based thermoelectric nanomaterials with high energy conversion efficiencies

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Morata ◽  
Mercè Pacios ◽  
Gerard Gadea ◽  
Cristina Flox ◽  
Doris Cadavid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Silicon Based ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

Unipolar stroke, electroosmotic pump carbon nanotube yarn muscles

Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 371 (6528) ◽  
pp. 494-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hetao Chu ◽  
Xinghao Hu ◽  
Zhong Wang ◽  
Jiuke Mu ◽  
Na Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Electroosmotic Pump ◽  
Scan Rate ◽  
Notable Increase ◽  
Ion Size ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

Success in making artificial muscles that are faster and more powerful and that provide larger strokes would expand their applications. Electrochemical carbon nanotube yarn muscles are of special interest because of their relatively high energy conversion efficiencies. However, they are bipolar, meaning that they do not monotonically expand or contract over the available potential range. This limits muscle stroke and work capacity. Here, we describe unipolar stroke carbon nanotube yarn muscles in which muscle stroke changes between extreme potentials are additive and muscle stroke substantially increases with increasing potential scan rate. The normal decrease in stroke with increasing scan rate is overwhelmed by a notable increase in effective ion size. Enhanced muscle strokes, contractile work-per-cycle, contractile power densities, and energy conversion efficiencies are obtained for unipolar muscles.

scholarly journals Silicon-Based Technologies for Flexible Photovoltaic (PV) Devices: From Basic Mechanism to Manufacturing Technologies

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2944
Author(s):  
Sangmo Kim ◽  
Van Quy Hoang ◽  
Chung Wung Bark
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Basic Mechanism ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
High Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Silicon Based

Over the past few decades, silicon-based solar cells have been used in the photovoltaic (PV) industry because of the abundance of silicon material and the mature fabrication process. However, as more electrical devices with wearable and portable functions are required, silicon-based PV solar cells have been developed to create solar cells that are flexible, lightweight, and thin. Unlike flexible PV systems (inorganic and organic), the drawbacks of silicon-based solar cells are that they are difficult to fabricate as flexible solar cells. However, new technologies have emerged for flexible solar cells with silicon. In this paper, we describe the basic energy-conversion mechanism from light and introduce various silicon-based manufacturing technologies for flexible solar cells. In addition, for high energy-conversion efficiency, we deal with various technologies (process, structure, and materials).

Evaluation of advanced p-PERL and n-PERT large area silicon solar cells with 20.5% energy conversion efficiencies

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 660-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Tous ◽  
M. Aleman ◽  
R. Russell ◽  
E. Cornagliotti ◽  
P. Choulat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

Nanophotonic design of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3625-3633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad I. Hossain ◽  
Wayesh Qarony ◽  
Vladislav Jovanov ◽  
Yuen H. Tsang ◽  
Dietmar Knipp
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Material System ◽  
Tandem Solar Cells ◽  
Perovskite Material ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

The perovskite material system allows for the realization of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells with high energy conversion efficiencies at low cost.

P20 phosphor on polyimide as a large area high-resolution transmission screen for slow scan CCD systems

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 20-21
Author(s):  
C. C. Ahn ◽  
S. Karnes ◽  
M. Lvovsky ◽  
C. M. Garland ◽  
H. A. Atwater ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Line Pair ◽  
Modulation Transfer ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Ccd Imaging ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The One ◽  
Beam Broadening

The bane of CCD imaging systems for transmission electron microscopy at intermediate and high voltages has been their relatively poor modulation transfer function (MTF), or line pair resolution. The problem originates primarily with the phosphor screen. On the one hand, screens should be thick so that as many incident electrons as possible are converted to photons, yielding a high detective quantum efficiency(DQE). The MTF diminishes as a function of scintillator thickness however, and to some extent as a function of fluorescence within the scintillator substrates. Fan has noted that the use of a thin layer of phosphor beneath a self supporting 2μ, thick Al substrate might provide the most appropriate compromise for high DQE and MTF in transmission electron microcscopes which operate at higher voltages. Monte Carlo simulations of high energy electron trajectories reveal that only little beam broadening occurs within this thickness of Al film. Consequently, the MTF is limited predominantly by broadening within the thin phosphor underlayer. There are difficulties however, in the practical implementation of this design, associated mostly with the mechanical stability of the Al support film.

“A Three Solar Cell Mechanically-stacked, Multijunction System with Energy Conversion Efficiencies Greater than 30% Amo”

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen M. Barnett ◽  
Terry M. Trumble ◽  
Gerald H. Negley ◽  
Sandra L. Rhoads ◽  
James B. McNeely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

scholarly journals Diffuse γ-ray emission toward the massive star-forming region, W40

2020 ◽  
Vol 639 ◽  
pp. A80
Author(s):  
Xiao-Na Sun ◽  
Rui-Zhi Yang ◽  
Yun-Feng Liang ◽  
Fang-Kun Peng ◽  
Hai-Ming Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Young Star ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Stellar Cluster ◽  
Production Region ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Photon Index ◽  
Young Star Clusters

We report the detection of high-energy γ-ray signal towards the young star-forming region, W40. Using 10-yr Pass 8 data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT), we extracted an extended γ-ray excess region with a significance of ~18σ. The radiation has a spectrum with a photon index of 2.49 ± 0.01. The spatial correlation with the ionized gas content favors the hadronic origin of the γ-ray emission. The total cosmic-ray (CR) proton energy in the γ-ray production region is estimated to be the order of 1047 erg. However, this could be a small fraction of the total energy released in cosmic rays (CRs) by local accelerators, presumably by massive stars, over the lifetime of the system. If so, W40, together with earlier detections of γ-rays from Cygnus cocoon, Westerlund 1, Westerlund 2, NGC 3603, and 30 Dor C, supports the hypothesis that young star clusters are effective CR factories. The unique aspect of this result is that the γ-ray emission is detected, for the first time, from a stellar cluster itself, rather than from the surrounding “cocoons”.

Current progress and performance improvement of Pt/C catalysts for fuel cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (46) ◽  
pp. 24284-24306
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Ren ◽  
Yiran Wang ◽  
Anmin Liu ◽  
Zhihong Zhang ◽  
Qianyuan Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Carnot Cycle ◽  
High Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
And Performance

Fuel cell is an electrochemical device, which can directly convert the chemical energy of fuel into electric energy, without heat process, not limited by Carnot cycle, high energy conversion efficiency, no noise and pollution.

Boosting electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction performance of two-dimensional Mo porphyrin monolayers via turning the coordination environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 4178-4186
Author(s):  
Shiqiang Liu ◽  
Zhiwen Cheng ◽  
Yawei Liu ◽  
Xiaoping Gao ◽  
Yujia Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Metal Catalysts ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Coordination Environment ◽  
Nitrogen Reduction ◽  
Reaction Performance ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

Designing atomically dispersed metal catalysts for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is an effective approach to achieve better energy conversion efficiencies.

scholarly journals Performance Characteristics in Runner of an Impulse Water Turbine with Splitter Blade

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Lingdi Tang ◽  
Shouqi Yuan ◽  
Yue Tang ◽  
Zhijun Gao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Water Turbine ◽  
Conversion Performance ◽  
Water Turbines ◽  
Current Energy

The impulse water turbine is a promising energy conversion device that can be used as mechanical power or a micro hydro generator, and its application can effectively ease the current energy crisis. This paper aims to clarify the mechanism of liquid acting on runner blades, the hydraulic performance, and energy conversion characteristics in the runner domain of an impulse water turbine with a splitter blade by using experimental tests and numerical simulations. The runner was divided into seven areas along the flow direction, and the power variation in the runner domain was analyzed to reflect its energy conversion characteristics. The obtained results indicate that the critical area of the runner for doing the work is in the front half of the blades, while the rear area of the blades does relatively little work and even consumes the mechanical energy of the runner to produce negative work. The high energy area is concentrated in the flow passage facing the nozzle. The energy is gradually evenly distributed from the runner inlet to the runner outlet, and the negative energy caused by flow separation with high probability is gradually reduced. The clarification of the energy conversion performance is of great significance to improve the design of impulse water turbines.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document