Dopamine-dependent changes of cortical excitability induced by transcranial static magnetic field stimulation in Parkinson’s disease

The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate whether transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS), which can modulate cortical excitability, would influence inhibitory control function when applied over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Young healthy adults (n = 8, mean age ± SD = 24.4 ± 4.1, six females) received the following stimulations for 30 min on different days: (1) tSMS over the left DLPFC, (2) tSMS over the right DLPFC, and (3) sham stimulation over either the left or right DLPFC. The participants performed a Go/NoGo task before, immediately after, and 10 min after the stimulation. They were instructed to extend the right wrist in response to target stimuli. We recorded the electromyogram from the right wrist extensor muscles and analyzed erroneous responses (false alarm and missed target detection) and reaction times. As a result, 50% of the participants made erroneous responses, and there were five erroneous responses in total (0.003%). A series of statistical analyses revealed that tSMS did not affect the reaction time. These preliminary findings suggest the possibility that tSMS over the DLPFC is incapable of modulating inhibitory control and/or that the cognitive load imposed in this study was insufficient to detect the effect.

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Static Magnetic Field Exposure Reproduces Cellular Effects of the Parkinson's Disease Drug Candidate ZM241385

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0013883 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (11) ◽

pp. e13883 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Zhiyun Wang ◽

Pao-Lin Che ◽

Jian Du ◽

Barbara Ha ◽

Kevin J. Yarema

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Static Magnetic Field ◽

Drug Candidate ◽

Field Exposure ◽

Magnetic Field Exposure ◽

Cellular Effects

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Transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS) of the visual cortex decreases experimental photophobia

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1177/0333102417736899 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (8) ◽

pp. 1493-1497 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Elena Lozano-Soto ◽

Vanesa Soto-León ◽

Simona Sabbarese ◽

Lara Ruiz-Alvarez ◽

Margarita Sanchez-del-Rio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Visual Cortex ◽

Static Magnetic Field ◽

High Intensity ◽

Cortical Excitability ◽

Occipital Cortex ◽

Field Stimulation ◽

Double Blind ◽

Light Stimuli ◽

Subjective Discomfort

Background Transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS) reduces cortical excitability in humans. Methods The objective of this study was to determine whether tSMS over the occipital cortex is effective in reducing experimental photophobia. In a sham-controlled double-blind crossover study, tSMS (or sham) was applied for 10 minutes with a cylindrical magnet on the occiput of 20 healthy subjects. We assessed subjective discomfort induced by low-intensity and high-intensity visual stimuli presented in a dark room before, during and after tSMS (or sham). Results Compared to sham, tSMS significantly reduced the discomfort induced by high-intensity light stimuli. Conclusions The visual cortex may contribute to visual discomfort in experimental photophobia, providing a rationale for investigating tSMS as a possible treatment for photophobia in migraine.

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The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on gait in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review

Translational Neurodegeneration ◽

10.1186/s40035-021-00245-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fateme Pol ◽

Mohammad Ali Salehinejad ◽

Hamzeh Baharlouei ◽

Michael A. Nitsche

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Direct Current ◽

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Cortical Excitability ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Gait Rehabilitation ◽

Direct Current Stimulation

Abstract Background Gait problems are an important symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a neuromodulatory intervention that can modulate cortical excitability of the gait-related regions. Despite an increasing number of gait-related tDCS studies in PD, the efficacy of this technique for improving gait has not been systematically investigated yet. Here, we aimed to systematically explore the effects of tDCS on gait in PD, based on available experimental studies. Methods Using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) approach, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and PEDro databases were searched for randomized clinical trials assessing the effect of tDCS on gait in patients with PD. Results Eighteen studies were included in this systematic review. Overall, tDCS targeting the motor cortex and supplementary motor area bilaterally seems to be promising for gait rehabilitation in PD. Studies of tDCS targeting the dorosolateral prefrontal cortex or cerebellum showed more heterogeneous results. More studies are needed to systematically compare the efficacy of different tDCS protocols, including protocols applying tDCS alone and/or in combination with conventional gait rehabilitation treatment in PD. Conclusions tDCS is a promising intervention approach to improving gait in PD. Anodal tDCS over the motor areas has shown a positive effect on gait, but stimulation of other areas is less promising. However, the heterogeneities of methods and results have made it difficult to draw firm conclusions. Therefore, systematic explorations of tDCS protocols are required to optimize the efficacy.

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