Stellar evolution near the main-sequence is still subject to many discussions. In addition to the case of the cluster M 67 (Racine, 1971), quite systematic differences have been encountered during the comparison of theoretical isochrones and observed sequences in the colour-magnitude diagram of the old open star clusters (Maeder, 1974). In the case of M 67 and NGC 188, many attempts to discuss the characteristics of their sequences (such as the gap corresponding to the hydrogen-exhaustion phase) in terms of chemical composition have been made (e.g. Aizenman et al., 1969; Demarque and Schlesinger, 1969; Demarque and Heasley, 1971; Torres-Peimbert, 1971; Hejlesen et al., 1972; Caloi et al., 1974); some of these works have suggested to explain the gap parameters by a high metal content. Attemps to explain the differences between models and observations by means of simplified models with overshooting from convective cores have also been made (Maeder, 1973; Prather and Demarque, 1974). Let us also note that it has been shown that it is unlikely that the anomalies found are due to systematic effects, like the interstellar reddening, binarity, rotation or effects in calibrations or composition of the initial homogeneous models.
Life-history strategies in zooplankton promote coexistence of competitors in extreme environments with high metal content
