scholarly journals Microbiomes of gall-inducing copepod crustaceans from the corals Stylophora pistillata (Scleractinia) and Gorgonia ventalina (Alcyonacea)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel V. Shelyakin ◽  
Sofya K. Garushyants ◽  
Mikhail A. Nikitin ◽  
Sofya V. Mudrova ◽  
Michael Berumen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stylophora Pistillata ◽  
Gorgonia Ventalina

Aspergillosis in the common sea fan Gorgonia ventalina: isolation of waterborne hyphae and spores

2014 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-261
Author(s):  
VJ Troeger ◽  
PW Sammarco ◽  
JH Caruso
Keyword(s):  
Gorgonia Ventalina ◽  
The Common ◽  
Sea Fan

scholarly journals Thermal stress reduces pocilloporid coral resilience to ocean acidification by impairing control over calcifying fluid chemistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. eaba9958
Author(s):  
Maxence Guillermic ◽  
Louise P. Cameron ◽  
Ilian De Corte ◽  
Sambuddha Misra ◽  
Jelle Bijma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Pocillopora Damicornis ◽  
Carbonate Chemistry ◽  
Negative Interaction ◽  
Saturation State ◽  
Stylophora Pistillata ◽  
Coral Calcification ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Different Time Scales

The combination of thermal stress and ocean acidification (OA) can more negatively affect coral calcification than an individual stressors, but the mechanism behind this interaction is unknown. We used two independent methods (microelectrode and boron geochemistry) to measure calcifying fluid pH (pHcf) and carbonate chemistry of the corals Pocillopora damicornis and Stylophora pistillata grown under various temperature and pCO2 conditions. Although these approaches demonstrate that they record pHcf over different time scales, they reveal that both species can cope with OA under optimal temperatures (28°C) by elevating pHcf and aragonite saturation state (Ωcf) in support of calcification. At 31°C, neither species elevated these parameters as they did at 28°C and, likewise, could not maintain substantially positive calcification rates under any pH treatment. These results reveal a previously uncharacterized influence of temperature on coral pHcf regulation—the apparent mechanism behind the negative interaction between thermal stress and OA on coral calcification.

scholarly journals Ocean acidification increases photosynthate translocation in a coral–dinoflagellates symbiosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Tremblay ◽  
M. Fine ◽  
J. F. Maguer ◽  
R. Grover ◽  
C. Ferrier-Pagès
Keyword(s):  
Coral Species ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Coral Host ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Stylophora Pistillata ◽  
Gross Photosynthesis ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Carbon Translocation ◽  
Tropical Coral

Abstract. This study has examined the effect of an increased seawater pCO2 on the rates of photosynthesis and carbon translocation in the scleractinian coral species Stylophora pistillata using a new model based on 13C-labelling of the photosynthetic products. Symbiont photosynthesis contributes for a large part of the carbon acquisition in tropical coral species and is therefore an important process that may determine their survival under climate change scenarios. Nubbins of S. pistillata were maintained for six months under two pHs (8.1 and 7.2). Rates of photosynthesis and respiration of the symbiotic association and of isolated symbionts were assessed at each pH. The fate of 13C-photosynthates was then followed in the symbionts and the coral host for 48 h. Nubbins maintained at pH 7.2 presented a lower areal symbiont concentration, lower areal rates of gross photosynthesis, and lower carbon incorporation rates compared to nubbins maintained at pH 8.1, therefore suggesting that the total carbon acquisition was lower in this first set of nubbins. However, the total percentage of carbon translocated to the host, as well as the amount of carbon translocated per symbiont cell was significantly higher under pH 7.2 than under pH 8.1 (70% at pH 7.2 versus 60% at pH 8.1), so that the total amount of photosynthetic carbon received by the coral host was equivalent under both pHs (5.5 to 6.1 μg C cm−2 h−1). Although the carbon budget of the host was unchanged, symbionts acquired less carbon for their own needs (0.6 against 1.8 μg C cm−2 h−1), explaining the overall decrease in symbiont concentration at low pH. In the long-term, this decrease might have important consequences for the survival of corals under an acidification stress.

scholarly journals Comparison of chemical compounds associated with sclerites from healthy and diseased sea fan corals (Gorgonia ventalina)

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Toledo-Hernández ◽  
Claudia P. Ruiz-Diaz ◽  
Liz M. Díaz-Vázquez ◽  
Vanessa Santiago-Cárdenas ◽  
Derick N. Rosario-Berrios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Oxidative Activity ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Oxidative Potential ◽  
Gorgonia Ventalina ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Sea Fan ◽  
Free Radical Activity

Background The roles of gorgonian sclerites as structural components and predator deterrents have been widely studied. Yet their role as barriers against microbes has only recently been investigated, and even less is known about the diversity and roles of the chemical compounds associated with sclerites. Methods Here, we examine the semi-volatile organic compound fraction (SVOCs) associated with sclerites from healthy and diseased Gorgonia ventalina sea fan corals to understand their possible role as a stress response or in defense of infection. We also measured the oxidative potential of compounds from diseased and healthy G. ventalina colonies. Results The results showed that sclerites harbor a great diversity of SVOCs. Overall, 70 compounds were identified, the majority of which are novel with unknown biological roles. The majority of SVOCs identified exhibit multiple immune-related roles including antimicrobial and radical scavenging functions. The free radical activity assays further confirmed the anti-oxidative potential of some these compounds. The anti-oxidative activity was, nonetheless, similar across sclerites regardless of the health condition of the colony, although sclerites from diseased sea fans display slightly higher anti-oxidative activity than the healthy ones. Discussion Sclerites harbor great SVOCs diversity, the majority of which are novel to sea fans or any other corals. Yet the scientific literature consulted showed that the roles of compounds found in sclerites vary from antioxidant to antimicrobial compounds. However, this study fell short in determine the origin of the SVOCs identified, undermining our capacity to determine the biological roles of the SVOCs on sclerites and sea fans.

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