scholarly journals Spontaneous microstates related to effects of low socioeconomic status on neuroticism

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peifang Guo ◽  
Jinqi Cui ◽  
Yufeng Wang ◽  
Feng Zou ◽  
Xin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Control Functions ◽  
High Level ◽  
Subjective Ses

Abstract Individuals with high neuroticism had the decreased control functions of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) over amygdala (emotion regions) and low socioeconomic status (SES) had negative effects on the functions of ACC. Based on these, we hypothesized that the decreased functions of ACC might make individuals with low SES had high level of neuroticism. According to the score of objective SES (OSES) and subjective SES (SSES) scales, subjects were divided into four groups (low SSES, high SSES, low OSES and high OSES) to investigate the roles of dynamic characteristics related to the ACC in the relationships between SES and neuroticism using resting-state EEG (RS-EEG) microstates analysis. It had been found that RS-EEG microstates can be divided into four types (MS1, MS2, MS3 and MS4) and the MS3 was related cingulo-opercular brain networks (including ACC and anterior insular). As our prediction, SSES had direct effects on neuroticism relative to OSES. Moreover, the neuroticism for low SSES was positively related to the occurrence and contribution of MS3, as well as the possibilities of transitions between MS3 and MS1. Based on these, we thought that low-SSES individuals might be more difficult to inhibit the negative emotions, especially inhibit the spontaneous thoughts related to these emotions.

scholarly journals Examining the role of perceived prestige in the link between students’ subjective socioeconomic status and sense of belonging

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mickaël Jury ◽  
Cristina Aelenei ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Céline Darnon ◽  
Andrew J. Elliot
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Subjective Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Collegiate Experience ◽  
Subjective Ses ◽  
Low Ses Students

Low socioeconomic status (SES) students have a lower sense of belonging to college than high-SES students. Due to the importance of sense of belonging in the college pathway, understanding the reason for this relation is particularly important. Here, we argue that in addition to having less access to resources, low-SES students in the college context also perceive themselves as having lower prestige than their high-SES counterparts. Thus, in the present research, we tested perceived prestige as a mediator of the link between subjective SES and sense of belonging to college. We conducted 3 studies in 2 different countries (USA and China), and these investigations provided evidence that the lower students’ subjective SES, the lower their self-attributed prestige, and that prestige mediated the relation between students’ subjective SES and their sense of belonging to college. The implications of these findings for understanding the collegiate experience of low-SES students are discussed.

Intertemporal impulsivity can also arise from persistent failure of long-term plans

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisheeth Srivastava ◽  
Narayanan Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Social Utility ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Intertemporal Discounting ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Failures

AbstractWe suggest that steep intertemporal discounting in individuals of low socioeconomic status (SES) may arise as a rational metacognitive adaptation to experiencing planning and control failures in long-term plans. Low SES individuals' plans fail more frequently because they operate close to budgetary boundaries, in turn because they consistently operate with limited budgets of money, status, trust, or other forms of social utility.

scholarly journals COVID-19 infections in day care centres in Germany: social and organisational determinants of infections in children and staff in the second and third wave of the pandemic

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Neuberger ◽  
Mariana Grgic ◽  
Svenja Diefenbacher ◽  
Florian Spensberger ◽  
Ann-Sophie Lehfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Education And Care

Abstract Background During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, German early childhood education and care (ECEC) centres organised children’s attendance in different ways, they reduced opening hours, provided emergency support for a few children, or closed completely. Further, protection and hygiene measures like fixed children-staff groups, ventilation and surface disinfection were introduced in ECEC centres. To inform or modify public health measures in ECEC, we investigate the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 infections among children and staff in ECEC centres in light of social determinants (i.e. the socioeconomic status of the children) and recommended structural and hygiene measures. We focus on the question if the relevant factors differ between the 2nd (when no variant of concern (VOC) circulated) and the 3rd wave (when VOC B.1.1.7 (Alpha) predominated). Methods Based on panel data from a weekly online survey of ECEC centre managers (calendar week 36/2020 to 22/2021, ongoing) including approx. 8500 centres, we estimate the number of SARS-CoV-2 infections in children and staff using random-effect-within-between (REWB) panel models for count data in the 2nd and 3rd wave. Results ECEC centres with a high proportion of children with low socioeconomic status (SES) have a higher risk of infections in staff and children. Strict contact restrictions between groups like fixed group assignments for children and fixed staff assignments to groups prevent infections. Both effects tend to be stronger in the 3rd wave. Conclusion ECEC centres with a large proportion of children with a low SES background and lack of using fixed child/staff cohorts experience higher COVID-19 rates. Over the long run, centres should be supported in maintaining recommended measures. Preventive measures such as the vaccination of staff should be prioritised in centres with large proportions of low SES children.

scholarly journals Less human, more to blame: Animalizing poor people increases blame and decreases support for wealth redistribution

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 546-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Sainz ◽  
Rocío Martínez ◽  
Robbie M. Sutton ◽  
Rosa Rodríguez-Bailón ◽  
Miguel Moya
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Wealth Redistribution ◽  
Human Uniqueness

Increasing economic inequality adversely affects groups with low socioeconomic status (low-SES). However, many people are opposed to wealth redistribution policies. In this context, we examined whether dehumanization of low-SES groups has a role in this opposition. In the first study ( N = 303), opposition to wealth redistribution was related to denying human uniqueness (e.g., intelligence and rationality) and having negative attitudes toward low-SES groups, more than denying human nature (e.g., emotionality and capacity to suffer) to low-SES groups. Mediation analyses indicated that this effect occurred via blaming low-SES groups for their plight, after controlling for participants’ SES and negative attitudes towards low-SES groups. In the second study ( N = 220), manipulating the human uniqueness of a fictitious low-SES group affected support for wealth redistribution measures through blame. These results indicate that animalizing low-SES groups reduces support for wealth redistribution via blaming low-SES groups for their situation.

scholarly journals Implications of Socioeconomic Status on Academic Competence: A Perspective for Teachers

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Luis F. Cedeño ◽  
Rosario Martínez-Arias ◽  
José A. Bueno
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Socially Disadvantaged

<p class="apa">Studies suggest that socioeconomic status is a strong predictor of academic achievement. This theoretical paper proposes that despite the fact that low-socioeconomic status represents a risk factor that seems to undermine attentional skills and thus academic achievement, emerging evidence suggests the potential of new approaches, interventions and cognitive training programs to reverse the negative effects of poverty. The evidence presented in this paper may be of particular interest for teachers because it provides a larger scope to better understand the implications of socioeconomic status on learning and school achievement. This paper intends to make teachers aware that today more than ever they count on important knowledge and valuable resources like cognitive training intervention programs to help students. These intervention programs correct dysfunctional attention bringing hope to socially disadvantaged students who struggle in school.</p>

scholarly journals An Insight Into the Involvement of Mothers of Low Socioeconomic Status in Scottish Primary School Health Education Activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-122
Author(s):  
Samantha Donnelly ◽  
Duncan S. Buchan ◽  
Ann-Marie Gibson ◽  
Gillian Mclellan ◽  
Rosie Arthur
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
School Health ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
School Based ◽  
School Health Education ◽  
Parent Component

School-based health activities that involve parents are more likely to be effective for child health and well-being than activities without a parent component. However, such school-based interventions tend to recruit the most motivated parents, and limited evidence exists surrounding the involvement of hard-to-reach parents with low socioeconomic status (SES). Mothers remain responsible for the majority of family care; therefore, this study investigated mothers with low SES to establish the reasons and barriers to their involvement in school-based health activities and to propose strategies to increase their involvement in those activities. Interviews were conducted with mothers with low SES, who were typically not involved in school-based health activities ( n = 16). An inductive–deductive approach to hierarchical analysis revealed that there are several barriers resulting in mothers being less involved, particularly due to issues surrounding the schools’ Parent Councils and the exclusivity of school-based events. Efforts made by the school to promote health activities and involve parents in such activities were revealed, alongside recommendations to improve on these practices. The findings offer multiple ways in which future school-based health interventions can recruit and involve mothers with low SES.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics, Management Strategies, and In-Hospital Outcomes of Acute Coronary Syndrome in a Low Socioeconomic Status Cohort: An Observational Study From Urban India

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117954682091889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navdeep Singh Sidhu ◽  
Sunil Kumar Kondethimmannahally Rangaiah ◽  
Dwarikaprasad Ramesh ◽  
Kumaraswamy Veerappa ◽  
Cholenahally Nanjappa Manjunath
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Hospital Outcomes ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
St Elevation

Background: Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of mortality in India. There is scarcity of data on demographic profile and outcomes of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in low socioeconomic status (SES) population of India. Objectives: This study was undertaken to determine the clinical presentation, management strategies, and in-hospital outcomes of ACS in low SES population. Methods: We conducted 1-year prospective observational cohort study of ACS patients admitted at Employees State Insurance Corporation unit of our tertiary care cardiac center. Clinical parameters, management strategies, and in-hospital outcomes of 621 patients enrolled during the study period from February 2015 to January 2016 were studied. Results: Mean age of patients was 56.06 ± 11.29 years. Majority (62%) of the patients had ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), whereas Non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) was seen in 38% of the patients. Median time from symptom onset to hospital admission was 285 min with wide range from 105 to 1765 min. Coronary angiography was performed in 81% of patient population. Single-vessel disease (SVD) was the most common pattern (seen in 43.3%) of coronary artery involvement with left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) being the most frequently involved vessel (62.8%). Pharmaco-invasive approach was the preferred strategy. Overall percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) rates were 59.1% (62.1% in STEMI and 54.2% in NSTE-ACS). Overall in-hospital mortality was 3.2%, being significantly higher in STEMI (4.2%) as compared with NSTE-ACS (1.7%). Conclusions: With implementation of evidence-based pharmacotherapy and interventions, outcomes comparable with developed countries can be achieved even in low SES populations of developing world.

scholarly journals Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Return to Work after Acute Ankle Fracture

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 2473011420S0020
Author(s):  
Alessandra L. Falk ◽  
Regina Hanstein ◽  
Chaiyaporn Kulsakdinun
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Return To Work ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Ankle Fracture ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Insurance Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Zip Code

Category: Ankle; Trauma Introduction/Purpose: Socioeconomic status has been recognized throughout the medical literature, both within orthopedics and beyond, as a factor that influences outcomes after surgery, and can result in substandard care. Within the foot and ankle subspecialty, there is limited data regarding socioeconomic status and post-operative outcomes, with the current literature focusing on outcomes for diabetic feet. However, ankle fractures are among the most common fractures encountered by orthopedic surgeons. While a few studies have explored the impact of ankle fractures on employment and disability status, the effect of socioeconomic status on return to work post operatively has not yet been investigated. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of low socioeconomic status on return to work. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 592 medical charts of patients with CPT code 27766, 27792, 27814, 27822, 27823, 27827, 27829, 27826, 27828 from 2015-2018. Included were patients >18 yrs of age who sustained an acute ankle fracture, were employed prior to the injury, and with information on return to work after ankle surgery, zip code, race, ethnicity and insurance status. Excluded were patients who were not employed prior to their injury. Socioeconomic status was either defined by insurance status - Medicaid/Medicare, commercial, or workman’s compensation -, or by assessing socioeconomic status (SES) using medial household per capita income by zip code as generated and reported by the US National Census Bureau’s 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. The national dataset was divided into quartiles with the lowest quartile defined as low SES. Patients who had income that fell within this income category were classified as low SES. Results: 174 patients were included with an average follow-up of 10.2months. 22/174 (12.6%) patients didn’t return to work post-operatively. Univariate analysis identified non-sedentary work to decrease the likelihood of return to work (HR:0.637; p=0.03). Patients with a low SES were more prevalent in the no return group compared to the return to work group (86% vs 60%; p=0.028). 95% of patients with low SES were a minority compared to 56% with average/high SES (p<0.005). Patients with low SES had a higher BMI (p=0.026), a longer hospitalization (p=0.04) and more wound complications (p=0.032). Insurance type didn’t affect return to work (p=0.158). Patients with workman’s compensation had a longer follow-up time and a longer time to return to work compared to other insurances (p<0.005 for each comparison). Conclusion: Low socioeconomic status based on income, not insurance type, affected return to work after an ankle fracture ORIF. Patients with workman’s compensation took a longer time to return to work compared to other insurance types. These findings warrants the need to consider socioeconomic status when allocating resources to treat these patients.

Health information seeking of low socioeconomic status Hispanic adults using smartphones

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 542-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henna Kim ◽  
Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Wide Range

Purpose – Smartphones have great potential to bridge the digital divide that low-socioeconomic status (SES) Hispanics have been experiencing. However, little is known about this group’s use of smartphones for health information. The purpose of this paper is to fill the gap by exploring the context in which smartphones were used for health information. Design/methodology/approach – The authors interviewed 20 low-SES Hispanic participants using the semi-structured interview method. Participants had not obtained college degrees and had annual incomes less than $30,000, but had used their smartphones for health information. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method. Findings – Being economical was an important reason for low-SES Hispanic users to use smartphones for health information. The users relied heavily on public Wi-Fi to access the internet. They searched a wide range of health topics, mostly using the mobile web rather than apps. They lacked knowledge and skills to effectively using apps, evaluating the quality of health information, and comprehend information. Research limitations/implications – Having access to smartphones alone does not help bridge the digital gap for low-SES Hispanics. Interventions need to consider improving these users’ smartphone literacy and health literacy, as well as improving their access to Wi-Fi services and to more quality content in Spanish. Originality/value – Prior studies speculated that smartphones could be a means to bridge digital divide experienced by the Hispanic ethnic group. This study provided empirical knowledge about how smartphones are used by these users for health information, and shed light on the design of future informational interventions.

scholarly journals Living with a chronic disease: insights from patients with a low socioeconomic status

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Van Wilder ◽  
Peter Pype ◽  
Fien Mertens ◽  
Elke Rammant ◽  
Els Clays ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study

Abstract Background Little is known about how patients with low socioeconomic status (SES) experience their chronic disease, and how it impacts health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Compared to their more affluent counterparts, worse outcomes have been reported. A better understanding of the domains of HRQoL that are relevant to these specific populations is therefore needed. We explored the experiences of living with a chronic disease in low SES persons. Methods A qualitative interview study was performed in Flanders, Belgium. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in chronically ill patients, selected through purposive sampling. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Analysis followed an inductive and iterative approach. Results Fifteen patients were interviewed. Six major themes were identified: a heavy bag to carry, loss of autonomous life, inner and outer loneliness, emotional imbalance, unmet need for support, and coping strategies. Patients experienced their illness as an additional problem on top of all other problems (i.e. financial/social problems, traumatic life events). In general, the disease burden and non-disease burden were mutually reinforcing, resulting in greater dependency, greater risk of social isolation, greater psychological distress, and greater risk of impaired HRQoL. Conclusions This study is the first to provide detailed insight into the experiences of living with a chronic disease in low SES persons. A conceptual model is proposed that can be used in daily clinical practice to raise awareness among clinicians and health care providers that the patient’s needs go beyond the disease itself. Future research is needed to validate and test the model.

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