scholarly journals The role of cat eye narrowing movements in cat–human communication

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasmin Humphrey ◽  
Leanne Proops ◽  
Jemma Forman ◽  
Rebecca Spooner ◽  
Karen McComb
Keyword(s):  
Emotional State ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Emotional Communication ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Eye Closure ◽  
Neutral Expression

Abstract Domestic animals are sensitive to human cues that facilitate inter-specific communication, including cues to emotional state. The eyes are important in signalling emotions, with the act of narrowing the eyes appearing to be associated with positive emotional communication in a range of species. This study examines the communicatory significance of a widely reported cat behaviour that involves eye narrowing, referred to as the slow blink sequence. Slow blink sequences typically involve a series of half-blinks followed by either a prolonged eye narrow or an eye closure. Our first experiment revealed that cat half-blinks and eye narrowing occurred more frequently in response to owners’ slow blink stimuli towards their cats (compared to no owner–cat interaction). In a second experiment, this time where an experimenter provided the slow blink stimulus, cats had a higher propensity to approach the experimenter after a slow blink interaction than when they had adopted a neutral expression. Collectively, our results suggest that slow blink sequences may function as a form of positive emotional communication between cats and humans.

PROBLEMS OF STRAY ANIMALS IN NOVOSIBIRSK

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Elena E. Rinchinova ◽  
Diyara A. Takumova ◽  
Irina I. Bochkareva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Population ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
The City

The article discusses main issues of organizing activities for the treatment of stray and street animals in the city of Novosibirsk. The important role of successful solving the problem of stray animals in ensuring environmental comfort and safety of the urban population is noted. Definitions of the concepts “stray animals” and “street animals” are given, the differences between them are emphasized. The main regulatory and legal documents governing the handling of stray and street animals are listed. The ways in which domestic animals get into a stray state are described briefly. The results of the collection and analysis of information on the activities of shelters for stray animals in Novosibirsk are described. The information on the quantitative indicators of the shelters are given. Conclusions on how to solve the problem of stray animals, relying on the latest regulations are drawn.

Music and Gesture

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence M. Zbikowski
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Charlie Chaplin ◽  
Swing Time ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explores the relationship between music and physical gesture, drawing on recent research on the spontaneous gestures that accompany speech. Such gestures appear to be motivated by thought processes that are independent from speech and that in many cases offer analogs for dynamic processes. The chapter outlines the infrastructure for human communication that supports language and gesture as well as music. This outline provides a framework for exploring how music and gesture are similar and for how they are different. These comparisons are made through analyses of the movements Fred Astaire makes while accompanying himself at the piano in the 1936 film Swing Time and those Charlie Chaplin makes to Brahms’s Hungarian Dance No. 5 in the 1941 film The Great Dictator. These analyses further explicate the role of syntactic processes and syntactic layers in musical grammar and introduce referential frameworks, which serve as perceptual anchors for syntactic processes.

scholarly journals Role of beta-adrenergic receptor subtypes in pig uterus contractility with inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Jana ◽  
Jarosław Całka
Keyword(s):  
Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Beta Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Pharmacological Modulation ◽  
Uterine Inflammation ◽  
Myometrial Contractility

AbstractUterine inflammation is a very common and serious condition in domestic animals. To development and progression of this pathology often lead disturbances in myometrial contractility. Participation of β1-, β2- and β3-adrenergic receptors (ARs) in noradrenaline (NA)-influenced contractility of the pig inflamed uterus was studied. The gilts of SAL- and E.coli-treated groups were administered saline or E.coli suspension into the uterine horns, respectively. Laparotomy was only done in the CON group. Compared to the period before NA administration, this neurotransmitter reduced the tension, amplitude and frequency in uterine strips of the CON and SAL groups. In the E.coli group, NA decreased the amplitude and frequency, and these parameters were lower than in other groups. In the CON, SAL and E.coli groups, β1- and β3-ARs antagonists in more cases did not significantly change and partly eliminated NA inhibitory effect on amplitude and frequency, as compared to NA action alone. In turn, β2-ARs antagonist completely abolished NA relaxatory effect on these parameters in three groups. Summarizing, NA decreases the contractile amplitude and frequency of pig inflamed uterus via all β-ARs subtypes, however, β2-ARs have the greatest importance. Given this, pharmacological modulation of particular β-ARs subtypes can be used to increase inflamed uterus contractility.

scholarly journals Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis associated with domestic animals in Venezuela and Brazil

1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cruz Manuel Aguilar ◽  
Elizabeth F. Rangel ◽  
Leonardo Garcia ◽  
Elio Fernandez ◽  
Hooman Momen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Janeiro State ◽  
Enzootic Cycle

After outbreaks of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Solano State, Venezuela, 5% of the population had parasitized ulcers while after similar outbreaks in Mesquita, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, 9% had the disease. In these foci children, including some under six years of age, wre affected. There was no significant difference in the occurence of the disease according to sex or type of employment. In Solano, 3% of dogs and 28% of donkeys had parasitized lesions, while in Mesquita these indices were 19.8% and 30.8% respectively. The parasite from man, dogs and equines was identified as Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, by zymodeme and serodeme characterization. In these foci there is evidence suggesting that leishmaniasis is a zoonosis, possibly with equine and dogs as reservoirs, although both a wild enzootic cycle and the role of man as a source of infection can not be ruled out. Transmission is assumed to occur peridomestically by sandfly vectors such as Lutzomyia panamensis in Venezuela and Lutzomyia intermedia in Brazil. Information about the origin of these foci suggests that infected equines may be an important factor in the dissemination of the parasite in a peridomestic situation where these sandflies are abundant.

scholarly journals The role of emotional service in the restaurant business

2022 ◽  
pp. 164-167
Author(s):  
N. A. Ofitserova
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Emotional Labor ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Emotional States

The article considers the restaurant business from the point of view of not only the entrepreneurial aspect, but also the service aspect, which is fundamental. The reasons why people visit restaurants have been revealed. In addition to physical need, restaurants are an element of cognition and a way of experiencing positive emotions. The importance of the restaurant business in shaping people’s positive emotional state has been formulated. Two forms of emotional labor of an employee and the influence of emotional states on work performance have been highlighted. The role of emotional intelligence and communicative competence in customer satisfaction with a restaurant visit has been determined. The importance of developing emotional intelligence has been concluded. Recommendations for its development has been formulated. 

scholarly journals Speech-based human emotion recognition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talieh Seyed Tabtabae
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Speaker Identification ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Speech Signals ◽  
Spectral Features ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Set Up

Automatic Emotion Recognition (AER) is an emerging research area in the Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) field. As Computers are becoming more and more popular every day, the study of interaction between humans (users) and computers is catching more attention. In order to have a more natural and friendly interface between humans and computers, it would be beneficial to give computers the ability to recognize situations the same way a human does. Equipped with an emotion recognition system, computers will be able to recognize their users' emotional state and show the appropriate reaction to that. In today's HCI systems, machines can recognize the speaker and also content of the speech, using speech recognition and speaker identification techniques. If machines are equipped with emotion recognition techniques, they can also know "how it is said" to react more appropriately, and make the interaction more natural. One of the most important human communication channels is the auditory channel which carries speech and vocal intonation. In fact people can perceive each other's emotional state by the way they talk. Therefore in this work the speech signals are analyzed in order to set up an automatic system which recognizes the human emotional state. Six discrete emotional states have been considered and categorized in this research: anger, happiness, fear, surprise, sadness, and disgust. A set of novel spectral features are proposed in this contribution. Two approaches are applied and the results are compared. In the first approach, all the acoustic features are extracted from consequent frames along the speech signals. The statistical values of features are considered to constitute the features vectors. Suport Vector Machine (SVM), which is a relatively new approach in the field of machine learning is used to classify the emotional states. In the second approach, spectral features are extracted from non-overlapping logarithmically-spaced frequency sub-bands. In order to make use of all the extracted information, sequence discriminant SVMs are adopted. The empirical results show that the employed techniques are very promising.

scholarly journals Deixis as a Significant Element of Human Communication

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2 (6)) ◽  
pp. 172-177
Author(s):  
Yelena Yerznkyan
Keyword(s):  
Human Communication ◽  
Significant Element

The article attempts to reveal the semantic characteristics of deixis that determine the role of deictic words in the process of communication. Deixis is viewed as a means of linguistic nomination that points out the main elements of the communication act – the place, time, the speaker and the hearer. Deictic words link two different situations – content (what is stated) and speech, extralinguistic (when, where, and by whom the communication is realized).

scholarly journals Natural Leaders: Some interlocutors elicit greater convergence across conversations and across characteristics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uriel Cohen Priva ◽  
Chelsea Sanker
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Large Collection ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Large Scale Study ◽  
Different Characteristics

Are there natural followers in human communication, speakers who consistently converge more than others? Similarly, are there natural leaders, speakers with whom others converge more? Are such tendencies consistent across different linguistic characteristics? We use the Switchboard Corpus, a large collection of telephone conversations, to perform a large-scale study of convergence of speakers in multiple conversations with different interlocutors, across six linguistic characteristics. Having data from each speaker in several conversations makes it possible to investigate whether there are individual differences in likelihood to converge, among speakers (more or less likely to converge), and among interlocutors (more or less likely to elicit convergence). We only find evidence for individual differences by interlocutor, not by speaker; this shows that there are natural leaders, who elicit greater degrees of convergence than others, across different characteristics and different conversations. The absence of a similar finding for natural followers, speakers who converge more than others, suggests that the role of social aspects in mediating convergence is stronger than that of putative individual differences in propensity to converge, or that such propensities are characteristic-specific.

US corporate duty of care faces reappraisal

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Public Good ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Duty Of Care ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Remote Workers ◽  
Legal Challenges

Significance With the advent of President Joe Biden's administration, the country's experience with COVID-19 is becoming part of a new debate over whether healthcare should be a public good and about the role of the company in society. Impacts Efforts to require vaccination as a condition of employment or of returning to workplaces will face legal challenges. The emergence of devices and apps for workers to report their emotional state to management will raise privacy concerns. Tech solutions, such as 'virtual commutes' for remote workers, will do little unless accompanied by effective support for employees. As remote working encourages employee relocation to cheaper locations, it will raise new issues around local pay inequalities. The Biden administration needs support from business to achieve its social justice, climate change and sustainability ambitions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document