scholarly journals Fate of free and bound phytol and tocopherols during fruit ripening of two Capsicum cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Krauß ◽  
Vanessa Hermann-Ene ◽  
Walter Vetter
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Capsicum Chinense ◽  
Carbon Isotope Ratios ◽  
Compound Specific Carbon Isotope ◽  
Fruit Formation ◽  
Acid Esters

Abstract Phytol and tocopherols and their fatty acid esters (PFAE and TFAE) are isoprenoid lipid components which can be found for instance in vegetables. Their behavior during maturation of fruits and vegetables could reveal valuable information on their biosynthetic formation and biological function. As pods of the genus Capsicum contain considerable amounts of both PFAE and TFAE, two cultivars (i.e. Capsicum annuum var. Forajido and Capsicum chinense var. Habanero) were grown in a greenhouse project. The date of flowering and fruit formation of each blossom was noted and fruits were harvested in four specific periods which corresponded with different stages of ripening, i.e. unripe, semi-ripe, ripe and overripe. Quantification by means of gas chromatography mass spectrometry and creation of development profiles strongly supported the suggestion that PFAE and TFAE were formed as storage molecules during fruit ripening and parallel degradation of chlorophyll. Additionally, compound-specific carbon isotope ratios (δ13C values (‰)) of originally in PFAE and chlorophyll bound phytol ultimately proved that PFAE, besides tocopherols, serve as sink for the cytotoxic phytol moiety released from chlorophyll degradation during fruit ripening. Furthermore, color measurements were successfully implemented to simplify the usually cumbersome separation of chili fruits into different ripening degrees.

scholarly journals Chemical constituents of Eremomastax speciosa (Hochst.) Cufod leaves and its cytotoxic potential on NIH-3T3 cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-640
Author(s):  
M. O. Eve ◽  
T. N. Alfred ◽  
I. I. Akripo ◽  
E. E. Ubana ◽  
I. M. Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
3T3 Cells ◽  
Nih 3T3 ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Nih 3T3 Cells

This study aimed at assessing the cytotoxicity of Eremomastax speciosa crude extract on NIH-3T3 fibroblast cell lines and reporting the chemical constituents in the extract. The MTT assay on NIH-3T3 cells showed a significantly lower (p < 0.05) inhibition from E. speciosa (IC50 > 30 µg/mL) compared to cyclohexamide (IC50 > 0.8 µg/mL). This result validates the non-toxicity observed with the use of E. speciosa on normal cells at low to moderate doses. Four compounds were isolated and identified from their EIMS as well as 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data namely hydroxyandrographolide (1), stigmasterol glucoside (2), (Z)-4-coumaric acid 4-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1’’→2’)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3) and 5-methoxy-4,4′-di-O-methyl- secolariciresinol-9′-monoacetate (4). These compounds are isolated from this species for the first time. Thirteen volatile constituents were detected in the extract using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Besides 6,10,14-trimethy-2-pentadecanone (12.63%), mostly fatty acid esters were detected in high amounts notably ethyl hexadecanoate (16.00%), ethyl-9,12,15-octadecatrienoate (11.51%) and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid ethyl ester (8.05%). This study revealed many unsaturated fatty acid esters in E. speciosa and is noteworthy that ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acid esters were predominant, hence an added nutritional value to this plant.                     KEY WORDS: Eremomastax speciosa, Secondary metabolites, NIH-3T3 cytotoxicity, NMR, GC-MS   Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(3), 633-640. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i3.18

Volatile Components of Sindora glabra Leaves

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 956-959
Author(s):  
Yi Ping Chen ◽  
Sha Sha Ji ◽  
Zhen Yi Liang ◽  
Jun Feng Zhang ◽  
Zhao Hua Lin
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Total Volatile ◽  
Benzenedicarboxylic Acid ◽  
Total Composition ◽  
Acid Esters

The ethyl acetate extract was made from the leaves of Sindora glabra by solvent extract method and silica column chromatography, and was analyzed by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results show that thirty-four peaks were observed, in which twenty-eight compounds were identified accounting for 93.40% of the total volatile substances detected. The major constituents are Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (12.77%); (1.alpha,4a.alpha,8a.alpha) -7-methyl-4-methylene-1-isopropyl -,1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-octahydro naphthalene (11.95%) and 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, butyl 2-ethylhexyl ester (11.10%). The main types of compounds are fatty acid esters (44.46%) and terpenoids (25.39%). And most of the terpenoids are sesquiterpenoids which accounted for 23.44% of the total composition.

scholarly journals GC-MS metabolic profiling and anti-urease activity of nonpolar fractions of Calligonum Polygonoides L. (Polygonaceae) and Crateva Adansonii DC. Prodr. (Capparaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1955-1960
Author(s):  
Irfan Pervaiz ◽  
Saeed Ahmad ◽  
Adeel Arshad ◽  
Umair Khurshid ◽  
Abdul Basit
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Urease Inhibitory ◽  
Acid Esters

Purpose: To determine the urease-inhibitory activity and chemical constituents of fractions of Calligonum polygonoides and Crateva adansonii separated by physical properties. Methods: The anti-urease activities of different fractions of the plants (methanol, n-hexane, CHCl3, nbutanol) were evaluated using a standard procedure. The chemical constituents of the extracts with the highest urease-inhibitory activity were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results: The n-hexane fractions of both plants had higher urease-inhibitory activity and a lower halfmaximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) than the other extracts. GC-MS evaluation revealed that nhexane fraction of C. polygonoides was rich in fatty acids (39.36 %), sterols (22.29 %), long chain alkanes (98.5 %), and a few volatiles (5.26 %), while the n-hexane fraction of C. adansonii had high levels of alkanes (35.03 %), sterols (10.46 %), fatty acid esters (46.82 %), and triterpenes (23.76 %). Conclusion: The n-hexane fractions of the plants demonstrate high urease-inhibitory activity. Thus, these plant-based anti-urease fractions can potentially serve as a starting point for the development of novel antibacterial agents with enhanced efficacy and reduced antibiotic resistance in the treatment of pathological conditions and infections associated with urease.

scholarly journals Simultaneous determination of fatty acid esters 2-chloro-1, 3-propandiol(2-mcpd), 3-chloro-1,2- propandiol(3-mcpd) and glycidol in vegetable oils by gas chromatography mass spectrometry GC-MS/MS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Tam Le Thanh ◽  
Duy Nguyen Thanh ◽  
Kiet Ly Tuan ◽  
Tan Phu Minh ◽  
Hung Nguyen Quoc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Phenylboronic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Food Contaminants ◽  
Refined Oil ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
Acid Esters

The food contaminants including 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol (3-MCPD) and 3-MCPD fatty acid esters have been a matter of great concern in the past few years due to their toxicity and their occurrence in numerous foods. Recently, significant amounts of the isomeric compounds 2-chloro-1,3-propanediol (2-MCPD) fatty acid esters have been detected in refined oil samples. Gas Chromatography (GC) coupled with mass spectroscopy (MS) was used for the quantification of fatty acid esters of 2-Chloro-1,3-propandiol (2-MCPD), 3-Chloro-1,2- propandiol (3-MCPD) and glycidol in oil. Internal standards including 3-MCPD-ester-d5 (rac 1,2-bis-palmitoyl-3-chloropropanediol-d5), 2-MCPD-ester-d5 (1,3-Distearoyl-2- chloropropanediol-d5) and Glycidyl sterate-d5 were added to samples. Spiked samples were, then, incubated in NaBr/H2SO4 and H2SO4/MeOH solutions. They were, eventually, extracted with ethyl acetate and n-hexane solvents in order to convert Glycidyl esters to free MCPD and glycidol in samples before using phenylboronic acid derivative. The limit of quantitation was of 0.1 ppm (mg/kg). The recoveries at the concentration of 0.1 mg/kg ranged from 80 to 120% and the repeatability and reproducibility were less than 10%.

Development of the determination methods of fatty acid esters of chloropropanediols in fat-rich foods

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Xiaobo YAN ◽  
Shaoming WU ◽  
Nan LI ◽  
Huadong LV ◽  
Wusheng FU
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Determination Methods ◽  
Acid Esters

Bionanomaterials: Thermal Stability of the Oleic Acid / alpha- and beta-cyclodextrin Complexes

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel I. Hadaruga ◽  
Nicoleta G. Hadaruga ◽  
Anca Hermenean ◽  
Adrian Rivis ◽  
Vasile Paslaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Solution Method ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Cyclodextrin Complexes ◽  
Free Oleic Acid ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Acid Esters

This paper presents the thermal stability of the oleic acid encapsulated in a- and b - cyclodextrin. The complexation of the oleic acid was achieved by the ethanol-water solution method and the nanoparticles were analyzed by DSC. The free oleic acid and the encapsulated one were subjected to the thermal degradation in the range of 50-150�C and the degradation products were identified and quantified by GC-MS analysis of the fatty acid esters obtained by deriving with methanol/boron trifluoride, both for free compounds and for the encapsulated ones. The oleic acid complexes were very stable in this range of temperature.

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