scholarly journals Screening for energetic compounds based on 1,3-dinitrohexahydropyrimidine skeleton and 5-various explosopheres: molecular design and computational study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Binghui Duan ◽  
Ning Liu ◽  
Xianming Lu ◽  
Hongchang Mo ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Molecular Design ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Impact Sensitivity ◽  
Detonation Properties ◽  
Detonation Pressure ◽  
Energetic Compounds ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Energetic Performance

Abstract In this paper, twelve 1,3-dinitrohexahydropyrimidine-based energetic compounds were designed by introducing various explosopheres into hexahydropyrimidine skeleton. Their geometric and electronic structures, heats of formation (HOFs), energetic performance, thermal stability and impact sensitivity were discussed. It is found that the incorporation of electron-withdrawing groups (–NO2, –NHNO2, –N3, –CH(NO2)2, –CF(NO2)2, –C(NO2)3) improves HOFs of the derivatives and all the substituents contribute to enhancing the densities and detonation properties (D, P) of the title compounds. Therein, the substitution of –C(NO2)3 features the best energetic performance with detonation velocity of 9.40 km s−1 and detonation pressure of 40.20 GPa. An analysis of the bond dissociation energies suggests that N–NO2 bond may be the initial site in the thermal decompositions for most of the derivatives. Besides, –ONO2 and –NF2 derivatives stand out with lower impact sensitivity. Characters with striking detonation properties (D = 8.62 km s−1, P = 35.08 GPa; D = 8.81 km s−1, P = 34.88 GPa), good thermal stability, and acceptable impact sensitivity (characteristic height H50 over 34 cm) lead novel compounds 5,5-difluoramine-1,3-dinitrohexahydropyrimidine (K) and 5-fluoro-1,3,5-trinitrohexahydropyrimidine (L) to be very promising energetic materials. This work provides the theoretical molecular design and a reasonable synthetic route of L for further experimental synthesis and testing.

Molecular design of N–NO2substituted cycloalkanes derivatives Cm(N–NO2)mfor energetic materials with high detonation performance and low impact sensitivity

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (48) ◽  
pp. 38048-38055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Yan Guo ◽  
Wei-Jie Chi ◽  
Ze-Sheng Li ◽  
Quan-Song Li
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Molecular Design ◽  
Impact Sensitivity ◽  
Detonation Performance ◽  
Detonation Properties

Cycloalkane derivatives Cm(N–NO2)mexhibit notable detonation properties and remarkable stability for potential energetic materials.

scholarly journals [(3-Nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-NNO-azoxy]furazans: energetic materials containing an N(O)N–N fragment

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (39) ◽  
pp. 24013-24021
Author(s):  
Dmitry A. Gulyaev ◽  
Michael S. Klenov ◽  
Aleksandr M. Churakov ◽  
Yurii A. Strelenko ◽  
Ivan V. Fedyanin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Enthalpies Of Formation ◽  
Energetic Compounds ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Solid Composite Propellants

A novel class of energetic compounds with a N(O) N–N fragment, [(3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-NNO-azoxy]furazans, which exhibit good thermal stability and high experimental enthalpies of formation are estimated as possible components of solid composite propellants.

scholarly journals Theoretical calculation of nitro-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)-1H-azoles energetic compounds

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhibin Qi ◽  
Yong Lu ◽  
Rui-Jun Gou ◽  
Shu-Hai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Heat Of Formation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Detonation Properties ◽  
Energetic Compounds ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Azole Ring ◽  
Imidazole Compounds

In order to study the properties of new energetic compounds formed by introducing nitroazoles into 2,4,6-trinitrobezene, the density, heat of formation and detonation properties of 36 nitro-1-(2,4,6-trinitrobenzene)-1H-azoles energetic compounds are studied by density functional theory, and their stability and melting point are predicted. The results show that most of target compounds have good detonation properties and stability. And it is found that nitro-1-(2,4,6-Trinitrophenyl)-1H-pyrrole compounds and nitro-1-(2,4,6-trinitropenyl)-1H-Imidazole compounds have good thermal stability, and their weakest bond is C-NO2 bond, the bond dissociation energy of the weakest bond is 222 kJ mol-1-238 kJ mol-1 and close to TNT (235 kJ mol-1). The weakest bond of the other compounds may be the C-NO2 bond or the N-N bond, and the strength of the N-N bond is related to the nitro group on azole ring.

Molecular design on a new family of azaoxaadamantane cage compounds as potential high-energy density compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Pan ◽  
Weihua Zhu ◽  
Heming Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Detonation Properties ◽  
Detonation Pressure ◽  
Cage Compounds ◽  
New Family

A new family of azaoxaadamantane cage compounds were firstly designed by introducing the oxygen atom into hexanitrohexaazaoxaadmantane (HNHAA) to replace the N–NO2 group. Their properties including heats of formation (HOFs), detonation properties, strain energies, thermal stability, and sensitivity were extensively studied by using density functional theory. All of the title compounds exhibit surprisingly high density (ρ > 2.01 g/cm3) and excellent detonation properties (detonation velocity (D) > 9.29 km/s and detonation pressure (P) > 40.80 GPa). In particular, B (4,8,9,10-tetraazadioxaadamantane) and C (6,8,9,10-tetraazadioxaadamantane) have a remarkably high D and P values (9.70 km/s and 44.45 GPa, respectively), which are higher than that of HNHAA or CL-20. All of the title compound have higher thermal stability and lower sensitivity (h50 > 19.58 cm) compared with the parent compound HNHAA. Three triazatrioxaadamantane cage compounds, D (6,8,9-triazatrioxaadamantane), E (6,8,10-triazatrioxaadamantane), and F (8,9,10-triazatrioxaadamantane), are expected to be relatively insensitive explosives. All of the title compounds exhibit a combination of high denotation properties, good thermal stability, and low insensitivity.

Density functional study of guanidine-azole salts as energetic materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (10) ◽  
pp. 949-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si-Yu Xu ◽  
Zhou-Yu Meng ◽  
Feng-Qi Zhao ◽  
Xue-Hai Ju
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Dft Method ◽  
Impact Sensitivity ◽  
Detonation Performance ◽  
Functional Study ◽  
Detonation Properties ◽  
Geometrical Structures ◽  
Counter Ions ◽  
The Density Functional Theory

A series of guanidine cations and azole anions were designed for use as energetic salts. Their geometrical structures were optimized by the density functional theory (DFT) method. The counter ions were matched by the similar magnitude of the electron affinity (EA) of the cation and the ionization potential (IP) of the anion. The densities, heats of formation, detonation parameters, and impact sensitivity were predicted. The incorporation of guanidine cations and diazole anions are favorable to form thermal stable salts except cation A1. The diaminoguanidine cation has greater impact on the density and detonation properties of the salts than the triaminoguanidine cation. 2-Amino-3-nitroamino-4,5-nitro-dinitropyrazole is the best anion for advancing the detonation performance among all the anions. Incorporating the C=O bond into the guanidine cations enhances the density and detonation performance of the guanidine-azole salts. The salts containing III1–III4 anion have better detonation properties than HMX, indicating that these salts are potential energetic compounds. Compared with RDX or HMX, some salts with diaminoguanidine cation display lower impact sensitivity.

Synthesis, characterization and properties of a novel energetic ionic salt: dicarbohydrazide bis[3-(5-nitroimino-1,2,4-triazole)]

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (16) ◽  
pp. 6422-6428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianrong Ren ◽  
Dong Chen ◽  
Guijuan Fan ◽  
Ying Xiong ◽  
Zhenqi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Detonation Velocity ◽  
Detonation Pressure ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Ionic Salt ◽  
Impact Sensitivities

DCBNT, a new compound, exhibits low friction and impact sensitivities, good thermal stability, and promising detonation pressure and detonation velocity.

scholarly journals Computational Study on Substituteds-Triazine Derivatives as Energetic Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 583-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas D. Ghule ◽  
S. Radhakrishnan ◽  
Pandurang M. Jadhav ◽  
Surya P. Tewari
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Crystal Packing ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Heats Of Formation ◽  
Dissociation Energies ◽  
The Density Functional Theory ◽  
Triazine Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

s-Triazine is the essential candidate of many energetic compounds due to its high nitrogen content, enthalpy of formation and thermal stability. The present study explores s-triazine derivatives in which different -NO2, -NH2and -N3substituted azoles are attached to the triazine ring via C-N linkage. The density functional theory is used to predict geometries, heats of formation and other energetic properties. Among the designed compounds, -N3derivatives show very high heats of formation. The densities for designed compounds were predicted by using the crystal packing calculations. Introduction of -NO2group improves density as compared to -NH2and -N3, their order of increasing density can be given as NO2>N3>NH2. Analysis of the bond dissociation energies for C-NO2, C-NH2and C-N3bonds indicates that substitutions of the -N3and -NH2group are favorable for enhancing the thermal stability ofs-triazine derivatives. The nitro and azido derivatives of triazine are found to be promising candidates for the synthetic studies.

Energetic salts of 4-nitramino-3-(5-dinitromethyl-1,2,4-oxadiazolyl)-furazan: powerful alliance towards good thermal stability and high performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (35) ◽  
pp. 16833-16837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunlin He ◽  
Gregory H. Imler ◽  
Damon A. Parrish ◽  
Jean'ne M. Shreeve
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Energetic Compounds ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Straightforward Method ◽  
Energetic Salts

A new series of 4-nitramino-3-(5-dinitromethyl-1,2,4-oxadiazolyl)-furazan-based energetic compounds which are competitive with HMX was synthesized in four steps with an overall yield of ∼50% by using a straightforward method.

scholarly journals Theoretical studies of novel high energy density materials based on oxadiazoles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxin Xia ◽  
Renfa Zhang ◽  
Xiaosong Xu ◽  
Congming Ma ◽  
Peng Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Heat Of Formation ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Detonation Properties ◽  
Detonation Pressure ◽  
Energetic Compounds ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
High Energy Density Materials ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Abstract In this study, 32 energetic compounds were designed using oxadiazoles (1,2,5-oxadiazole, 1,3,4-oxadiazole) as the parent by inserting different groups as well as changing the bridge between the parent. These compounds had high-density and excellent detonation properties. The electrostatic potentials of the designed compounds were analyzed using density functional theory (DFT). The structure, heat of formation (HOF), density, detonation performances (detonation pressure P , detonation velocity D , detonation heat Q ), and thermal stability of each compound were systematically studied based on molecular dynamics. The results showed that the -N 3 group has the greatest improvement in HOF. For the detonation performances, the directly linked, -N=N-, -NH-NH- were beneficial when used as a bridge between 1,2,5-oxadiazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole, and it can also be found that bridge changing had little effect on the trend of detonation performance, while energetic groups changing influenced differently. The designed compounds (except for A2 , B2 , B4 ) all had higher detonation properties than TNT, A6 ( D = 9.41 km s -1 , P = 41.86 GPa, Q = 1572.251 cal g -1 ) was the highest, followed D6 had poorer performance ( D = 8.96 km s -1 , P = 37.46 GPa, Q = 1354.51 cal g -1 ).

Comparative theoretical studies of dinitromethyl- or trinitromethyl-modified derivatives of CL-20

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (12) ◽  
pp. 1243-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Pan ◽  
Weihua Zhu ◽  
Heming Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Impact Sensitivity ◽  
Detonation Properties ◽  
Energetic Properties ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trinitromethyl Group

The heats of formation (HOFs), energetic properties, strain energies, thermal stability, and impact sensitivity for a series of trinitromethyl- or dinitromethyl-modified CL-20 derivatives were studied by using density functional theory. It is found that the trinitromethyl group is an effective structural unit for improving the gas-phase HOFs and energetic properties of the derivatives. However, incorporating the dinitromethyl group into the parent compound is not favorable for increasing its HOFs and detonation properties. The effects of the dinitromethyl or trinitromethyl groups on the stability of the parent compound are discussed. The studies on strain energies show that the introduction of the trinitromethyl group intensifies the strain of the cage skeleton for the title compounds, whereas for the dinitromethyl groups, the case is quite the contrary. An analysis of the bond dissociation energies for several relatively weak bonds suggests that the substitution of the dinitromethyl or trinitromethyl group decreases the thermal stability of the derivatives. The C−NO2 bond in the dinitromethyl or trinitromethyl group is the weakest one and the homolysis of the C−NO2 bond may be the initial step in thermal decomposition. In addition, according to the calculated free space per molecule, the introduction of the dinitromethyl or trinitromethyl group increases the impact sensitivities of the derivatives. Considering the detonation performance, thermal stability, and impact sensitivity, six compounds can be regarded as the target high-energetic compounds.

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