scholarly journals Novel sex-specific influence of parental factors on small-for-gestational-age newborns

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Yuan Tian ◽  
Shi Wu Wen ◽  
Ravi Retnakaran ◽  
Hao Ren Wang ◽  
Shu Juan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Parental Influences ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Parental Factors ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Parental Height ◽  
Sex Specificity ◽  
Specific Influence

Abstract Since fetal programming is sex-specific, there may also be sex-specific in parental influences on newborn birth weight. We aimed to investigate the influence of parental factors on small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants of different sexes. Based on a pre-pregnancy cohort, multivariate logistic regression was used. 2275 couples were included for analysis. Significant associations were observed among paternal height, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), and SGA in male infants; among maternal height, pre-pregnancy BMI, and SGA in female infants, and among other maternal factors and SGA in both male and female infants. Such sex specificity may be related to genetic, epigenetic, or hormonal influences between parents and infants. In conclusion, there is a sex specificity in the effect of parental height and pre-pregnancy BMI on SGA. The data suggest that future studies on infants should consider the sex-specific differences between the effects of genetic or environmental factors and infants.

Growth status of children and adolescents born small for gestational age at full term in Korea: data from the KNHANES-V

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 743-750
Author(s):  
Ji Hyun Kim ◽  
Dong Ho Kim ◽  
Jung Sub Lim
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Stunted Growth ◽  
Growth Status ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Parental Height

AbstractObjectivesSmall for gestational age (SGA) status is known to show stunted growth and results in short stature in adults. The aim of this study was to describe the current short stature in subjects born SGA in Korea and to assess catch-up growth (CUG) or non-CUG.MethodsWe analyzed data from 3,524 subjects (1,831 male) aged 1–18 years who were born as full-term singletons and who participated in the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010–2011).ResultsThe prevalence of SGA was 13.4% (n=471). Subjects born SGA had fathers with shorter height, shorter mother’s height, and mid-parental height than non-SGA subjects (p<0.05 for all). The odds ratios (ORs) for SGA birth of a short statured father and a short statured mother were 2.00 (95% CI; 1.15–3.47) and 2.11 (95% CI; 1.30–3.40), respectively. Among 471 SGA subjects, 28 subjects (5.9%) were non-CUG, which made up 36.4% of all subjects with short stature. The CUG subjects had a higher father's height, mother’s height, mid-parental height, and current BMI (p<0.05 for all). The non-CUG subjects had a higher percentage of fathers being near-short stature (height<10th percentile; 33.3 vs. 12.7%; p=0.008) and mothers being near-short stature (39.3 vs. 13.9%; p<0.001).ConclusionKorean subjects born SGA had a higher risk of current short stature. This population-based nationwide survey also showed that both father’s and mother’s short stature are risk factors of not only SGA birth but also non-CUG in their children.

scholarly journals Incidence and Risk Factors of Low Birth Weight Among Babies Delivered at Tertiary Level Teaching Hospital in Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Pawana Kayastha ◽  
Sunil Raja Manandhar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies

Introduction: Low birth weight is directly related to both immediate and long term development and wellbeing of a person. There are numerous maternal and foetal factors contributing to low birth weight. The mortality and morbidity of low birth weight can be reduced if the maternal risk factors are detected early and managed by simple techniques. Methods: 207 low birth weight live newborn babies regardless of gestational age born in a tertiary level teaching institute from September 2015 to September 2016 were enrolled as cases and same number of normal birth weight babies (i.e. 2.5 to 4 kgs) as control. Information was obtained directly from mothers using pretested structured questionnaire and was analysed using SPSS version 20. Results: The incidence of low birth weight was found to be 9.8%. Mean weight of low birth weight babies was 1.98 kg and mean gestational age was 37.34 weeks. Among low birth weight babies, 47.8% were preterm and 52.2% were term. Out of 119 small for gestational age babies, the frequency of symmetrical small for gestational age was 45.3% and asymmetrical small for gestational age was 54.6%. There was significant association of low birth weight with multiple maternal factors like maternal age, education, weight, height, weight gain during pregnancy, ANC visits, parity, antepartum haemorrhage, previous abortion/low birth weight, birth spacing, tobacco/alcohol intake and haemoglobin. Conclusions: Prevalence of low birth weight is likely to be far higher than figure in isolated rural settings of our country. Contribution of SGA is higher than Appropriate for Gestational Age which brings us to a larger burden of long term morbidity and mortality. Various maternal factors are responsible for birth of low birth weight babies.  

scholarly journals Prediction of small for gestational age neonates: screening by maternal factors, fetal biometry, and biomarkers at 35–37 weeks’ gestation

2019 ◽  
Vol 220 (5) ◽  
pp. 486.e1-486.e11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anca Ciobanu ◽  
Angeliki Rouvali ◽  
Argyro Syngelaki ◽  
Ranjit Akolekar ◽  
Kypros H. Nicolaides
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Fetal Biometry

Growth and Development of Full-Term Nonasphyxiated Small-for-Gestational-Age Newborns: Follow-up Through Adolescence

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Westwood ◽  
Michael S. Kramer ◽  
Diane Munz ◽  
Joan M. Lovett ◽  
Gordon V. Watters
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Parental Height

Previous studies of growth and development in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants have been plagued by several methodologic defects, including a lack of control for socioeconomic status and parental height and an inability to distinguish among the effects of prematurity, neonatal asphyxia, and intrauterine growth retardation. An attempt has been made to overcome these defects in a study of 33 full-term, nonasphyxiated small-for-gestational-age neonates born between 1960 and 1966 and 33 matched control infants of normal birth weight. The infants were followed up and compared for physical growth and sexual, neurologic, and cognitive development at ages 13 to 19 years. Significant deficits in height, weight, and head circumference were found among the SGA cohort, even after statistical adjustment for differences in socioeconomic status and parental height. Sexual development and bone age were not delayed in the SGA group, however, indicating that the deficits in growth are permanent. On neurologic and cognitive testing, the SGA group had trends toward lower scores but scores were well within the normal range. It is concluded that full-term nonasphyxiated SGA infants have an impaired potential for physical growth, but a good prognosis for neurologic and cognitive development. Previous findings of more severe cognitive deficits are attributed to a failure to distinguish the effects of isolated intrauterine growth retardation from effects due to asphyxia.

scholarly journals Maternal factors in the aetiology of small-for-gestational age among term Nigerian babies

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
RO Oluwafemi ◽  
OF Njokanma ◽  
EA Disu ◽  
TA Ogunlesi
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Medical Disorders ◽  
The Mean

Background: Babies are classified according to the relationship between birth weight and gestational age, the latter being the strongest determinant of birth weight. Small-for-gestational age (SGA) babies have birth weights less than the 10th percentile for age and sex or more than two standard deviations below the mean for age and sex.Objective: The study was carried out to investigate the maternal factorsassociated with the delivery of term small-for-gestational age babiesin a Nigerian Hospital.Methods: In the cross-sectional survey, the anthropometric parametersof term singleton infants were related to maternal age, parity, socio-economic class, anthropometry and medical disorders in pregnancy.Results: A total of 825 babies were surveyed within the first 24 hoursof life. The mean birth weight of babies was 3233 ± 539g. The males had significantly longer mean crown-heel length and mean occipitofrontal circumference compared to females p = 0.048 and p < 0.000 respectively). The prevalence of infants with small-for-gestational age was 7.2% (5.7% and 8.8% among males and females respectively). The proportion of mothers who did not encounter significant illness in pregnancy was lowestamong those who had SGA babies, followed by mothers of LGA babiesand those of AGA babies in that order. With respect to maternal age,weight, height and body mass index (except inter-pregnancy interval),mothers of SGA babies had significantly lower values compared tomothers of the AGA and LGA babies (p < 0.03).Conclusion: This study identified age, parity, anthropometry and  hypertension-related disorders as major maternal factors associated withthe birth of SGA babies in Nigeria.Keywords: Anthropometry, Intrauterine growth restriction, maternal illness, Nigeria.

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