Inner and outer retinal layer thickness alterations in pediatric and juvenile craniopharyngioma

AbstractWe evaluated postoperative retinal thickness in pediatric and juvenile craniopharyngioma (CP) patients with chiasmal compression using optical coherence tomography (OCT) auto-segmentation. We included 18 eyes of 18 pediatric or juvenile patients with CP and 20 healthy controls. Each thickness of the macular retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), inner nuclear layer, outer plexiform layer, outer nuclear layer, and photoreceptor layer was compared between the CP patients and healthy controls. There was significant thinning in the macular RNFL (estimates [μm], superior, − 10.68; inferior, − 7.24; nasal, − 14.22), all quadrants of GCL (superior, − 16.53; inferior, − 14.37; nasal, − 24.34; temporal, − 9.91) and IPL (superior, − 11.45; inferior, − 9.76; nasal, − 15.25; temporal, − 4.97) in pediatric and juvenile CP patients postoperatively compared to healthy control eyes after adjusting for age and refractive errors. Thickness reduction in the average and nasal quadrant of RNFL, GCL, and IPL was associated with peripapillary RNFL thickness, and reduced nasal quadrant GCL and IPL thicknesses were associated with postoperative visual field defects. In pediatric and juvenile patients with CP, decreased inner retinal layer thickness following chiasmal compression was observed. The changes in retinal structures were closely related to peripapillary RNFL thinning and functional outcomes.

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Evidence of subclinical quantitative retinal layer abnormalities in AQP4-IgG seropositive NMOSD

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458520977771 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 135245852097777

Author(s):

Angeliki G Filippatou ◽

Eleni S Vasileiou ◽

Yufan He ◽

Kathryn C Fitzgerald ◽

Grigorios Kalaitzidis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ganglion Cell ◽

Outer Nuclear Layer ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Retinal Layer ◽

Inner Plexiform Layer ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Foveal Thickness ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Photoreceptor Layer ◽

History Of

Background: Prior studies have suggested that subclinical retinal abnormalities may be present in aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), in the absence of a clinical history of optic neuritis (ON). Objective: Our aim was to compare retinal layer thicknesses at the fovea and surrounding macula between AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD eyes without a history of ON (AQP4-nonON) and healthy controls (HC). Methods: In this single-center cross-sectional study, 83 AQP4-nonON and 154 HC eyes were studied with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Results: Total foveal thickness did not differ between AQP4-nonON and HC eyes. AQP4-nonON eyes exhibited lower outer nuclear layer (ONL) and inner photoreceptor segment (IS) thickness at the fovea (ONL: −4.01 ± 2.03 μm, p = 0.049; IS: −0.32 ± 0.14 μm, p = 0.029) and surrounding macula (ONL: −1.98 ± 0.95 μm, p = 0.037; IS: −0.16 ± 0.07 μm, p = 0.023), compared to HC. Macular retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL: −1.34 ± 0.51 μm, p = 0.009) and ganglion cell + inner plexiform layer (GCIPL: −2.44 ± 0.93 μm, p = 0.009) thicknesses were also lower in AQP4-nonON compared to HC eyes. Results were similar in sensitivity analyses restricted to AQP4-IgG+ patients who had never experienced ON in either eye. Conclusions: AQP4-nonON eyes exhibit evidence of subclinical retinal ganglion cell neuronal and axonal loss, as well as structural evidence of photoreceptor layer involvement. These findings support that subclinical anterior visual pathway involvement may occur in AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD.

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Multicenter reliability of semiautomatic retinal layer segmentation using OCT

Neurology Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation ◽

10.1212/nxi.0000000000000449 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. e449 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Timm Oberwahrenbrock ◽

Ghislaine L. Traber ◽

Sebastian Lukas ◽

Iñigo Gabilondo ◽

Rachel Nolan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Outer Nuclear Layer ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Plexiform Layer ◽

Retinal Layer ◽

Inner Plexiform Layer ◽

Automated Segmentation ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Retinal Layers ◽

Manual Correction

ObjectiveTo evaluate the inter-rater reliability of semiautomated segmentation of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) macular volume scans.MethodsMacular OCT volume scans of left eyes from 17 subjects (8 patients with MS and 9 healthy controls) were automatically segmented by Heidelberg Eye Explorer (v1.9.3.0) beta-software (Spectralis Viewing Module v6.0.0.7), followed by manual correction by 5 experienced operators from 5 different academic centers. The mean thicknesses within a 6-mm area around the fovea were computed for the retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), inner nuclear layer, outer plexiform layer (OPL), and outer nuclear layer (ONL). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated for mean layer thickness values. Spatial distribution of ICC values for the segmented volume scans was investigated using heat maps.ResultsAgreement between raters was good (ICC > 0.84) for all retinal layers, particularly inner retinal layers showed excellent agreement across raters (ICC > 0.96). Spatial distribution of ICC showed highest values in the perimacular area, whereas the ICCs were poorer for the foveola and the more peripheral macular area. The automated segmentation of the OPL and ONL required the most correction and showed the least agreement, whereas differences were less prominent for the remaining layers.ConclusionsAutomated segmentation with manual correction of macular OCT scans is highly reliable when performed by experienced raters and can thus be applied in multicenter settings. Reliability can be improved by restricting analysis to the perimacular area and compound segmentation of GCL and IPL.

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Association between Visual Acuity and Retinal Layer Metrics in Diabetics with and without Macular Edema

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2018/1089043 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

LakshmiPriya Rangaraju ◽

Xuejuan Jiang ◽

J. Jason McAnany ◽

Michael R. Tan ◽

Justin Wanek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Macular Edema ◽

Layer Thickness ◽

Pigment Epithelium ◽

Outer Nuclear Layer ◽

Retinal Pigment ◽

Plexiform Layer ◽

Retinal Layer ◽

Inner Plexiform Layer ◽

Retinal Microvasculature

Purpose. Diabetes is known to cause alterations in retinal microvasculature and tissue that progressively lead to visual impairment. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is useful for assessment of total retinal thickening due to diabetic macular edema (DME). In the current study, we determined associations between visual acuity (VA) and retinal layer thickness, reflectance, and interface disruption derived from enface OCT images in subjects with and without DME. Materials and Methods. Best corrected VA was measured and high-density OCT volume scans were acquired in 149 diabetic subjects. A previously established image segmentation method identified retinal layer interfaces and locations of visually indiscernible (disrupted) interfaces. Enface thickness maps and reflectance images of the nerve fiber layer (NFL), combined ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer (GCLIPL), inner nuclear layer (INL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), outer nuclear layer (ONL), photoreceptor outer segment layer (OSL), and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) were generated in the central macular subfield. The associations among VA and retinal layer metrics were determined by multivariate linear regressions after adjusting for covariates (age, sex, race, HbA1c, diabetes type, and duration) and correcting for multiple comparisons. Results. In DME subjects, increased GCLIPL and OPL thickness and decreased OSL thickness were associated with reduced VA. Furthermore, increased NFL reflectance and decreased OSL reflectance were associated with reduced VA. Additionally, increased areas of INL and ONL interface disruptions were associated with reduced VA. In subjects without DME, increased INL thickness was associated with reduced VA, whereas in subjects without DME but with previous antivascular endothelium growth factor treatment, thickening of OPL was associated with reduced VA. Conclusions. Alterations in retinal layer thickness and reflectance metrics derived from enface OCT images were associated with reduced VA with and without presence of DME, suggestive of their potential for monitoring development, progression, and treatment of DME.

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Reduced vessel density in deep capillary plexus correlates with retinal layer thickness in choroideremia

British Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-316528 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. bjophthalmol-2020-316528

Author(s):

Alessandro Arrigo ◽

Francesco Romano ◽

Maurizio Battaglia Parodi ◽

Peter Charbel Issa ◽

Johannes Birtel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Layer Thickness ◽

Pigment Epithelium ◽

Outer Nuclear Layer ◽

Retinal Pigment ◽

Plexiform Layer ◽

Vessel Density ◽

Retinal Layer ◽

Inner Plexiform Layer ◽

Retinal Layers ◽

Clinical Series

BackgroundTo assess retinal layer thickness in choroideremia (CHM) and to reveal its correlation with optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography (OCTA) findings.MethodsThe study was designed as an observational, cross-sectional clinical series of patients with CHM, which included 14 CHM eyes and 14 age-matched controls. Multimodal imaging included OCT and OCTA. The vessel density (VD) of superficial capillary (SCP), deep capillary (DCP) and choriocapillaris (CC) plexuses was analysed by OCTA. The apparently preserved retinal islet and atrophic regions were investigated separately. Main outcome measures were as follows: best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), total retinal layers, ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), inner nuclear layer (INL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), outer nuclear layer (ONL), ellipsoid zone–retinal pigment epithelium (EZ-RPE) layer, choroidal thickness and VDs of SCP, DCP and of CC.ResultsMean BCVA was 0.0±0.0 LogMAR in both groups. GCL, ONL, EZ-RPE and choroid were significantly thinned in CHM, particularly in the atrophic region. OPL was unaffected in the apparently preserved islet, whereas INL and IPL were similarly thinned in the atrophic and apparently preserved retina. DCP appeared severely affected in both regions, while CC was only altered in the atrophic retina. Significant correlations were found between OCT and OCTA parameters.ConclusionsOur study showed severe alterations in both outer and inner retinal layers of patients with CHM. The extended retinal involvement might be the consequence of neuronal and vascular trophic factor reduction produced by the primarily altered RPE and/or secondary Müller glial cell reaction.

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Retinal Sensitivity and Ganglion Cell-Related Retinal Layer Thickness in the Normal Aging Process

10.21203/rs.3.rs-149830/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Makoto Araie ◽

Makoto Fujii ◽

Yuko Ohno ◽

Yuki Tanaka ◽

Tsutomu Kikawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ganglion Cell ◽

Layer Thickness ◽

Mixed Model ◽

Linear Mixed Model ◽

Plexiform Layer ◽

Retinal Layer ◽

Inner Plexiform Layer ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness ◽

Ocular Media

Abstract Aging-associated changes in visual field (VF) sensitivity were compared prospectively and longitudinally with the circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (cpRNFLT) and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness (GCIPLT) changes in the corresponding retinal areas of the same eyes (72 eyes of 37 normal Japanese subjects; mean age, 51.3 years). The Humphrey Field Analyzer 24-2 test (HFA 24-2) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) measurements of the cpRNFLT and GCIPLT in a 0.6-mm-diameter circle corresponding to the four central points of HFA 24-2 adjusted for retinal ganglion cell displacement (GCIPLT4TestPoints) were performed every 3 months for 3 years. The tiem changes of the mean sensitivity over the entire field (VFmean) and the four central points (VF4TestPoints), cpRNFLT, and GCIPLT4TestPoints were analyzed using a linear mixed model. The aging-associated decline rates of VFmean and VF4TestPoins were 0.12 and 0.19 decibels/year (p<0.001), which significantly accelerated with increased subjects’ age (0.009 and 0.010 decibels/year, p<0.001, respectively) without changes in the ocular media. Those of the CpRNFLT and GCIPLT4TestPoints were not significant in both (p>0.114), but significantly accelerated with increased subjects’ age (0.021 and 0.010 mm/year, p=0.001 and 0.004, respectively). These results have implications in studying physiological aging- or desease-related changes in these parameters.

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Longitudinal Changes in the Retinal Microstructures of Eyes With Chiasmal Compression

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.0000000000011087 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 96 (1) ◽

pp. e131-e140

Author(s):

Ga-In Lee ◽

Ki Young Son ◽

Kyung-Ah Park ◽

Doo-Sik Kong ◽

Sei Yeul Oh

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Outer Nuclear Layer ◽

Plexiform Layer ◽

Decompression Surgery ◽

Retinal Layer ◽

Inner Plexiform Layer ◽

Longitudinal Changes ◽

Chiasmal Compression ◽

Retinal Layers ◽

Sd Oct

ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that there was a temporal change in the retinal microstructure after decompression surgery for chiasmal compression, the 1-year longitudinal changes in the inner and outer retinal thickness after decompression surgery were analyzed using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) with linear mixed-effects models.MethodsSD-OCT was obtained from 87 eyes with chiasmal compression and compared to 100 healthy controls. The preoperative and 1-year postoperative longitudinal changes in the retinal layer thickness were measured. The thickness of each of the following retinal layers was analyzed: the macular retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), the ganglion cell layer (GCL), the inner plexiform layer (IPL), the inner nuclear layer, the outer plexiform layer, the outer nuclear layer, and the photoreceptor layer.ResultsThe RNFL, GCL, and IPL showed thinning at a rate of 1.068 μm/y (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.523, 1.613), 1.189 μm/y (95% CI 0.452, 1.925), and 1.177 μm/y (95% CI 0.645, 1.709), respectively, after decompression surgery. The preoperative thickness of the intraretinal layer was associated with postoperative visual field recovery (RNFL, odds ratio [OR] 1.221, 95% CI 1.058, 1.410; GCL, OR 1.133, 95% CI 1.024, 1.254; and IPL, OR 1.174, 95% CI 1.002, 1.376).ConclusionsThe changes in retinal microstructure persisted and progressed in eyes with chiasmal compression after decompression surgery. The findings provide insight into the biological and anatomical sequelae following chiasmal compression. The preoperative thickness of the inner retinal layers was associated with postoperative visual field recovery.

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Epiretinal Membrane Surgery: Structural Retinal Changes Correlate with the Improvement of Visual Function

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10010090 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 90

Author(s):

Andrea Cacciamani ◽

Pamela Cosimi ◽

Guido Ripandelli ◽

Marta Di Nicola ◽

Fabio Scarinci

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Visual Function ◽

Epiretinal Membrane ◽

Outer Nuclear Layer ◽

Plexiform Layer ◽

Retinal Layer ◽

Inner Plexiform Layer ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Retinal Layers ◽

Sd Oct

Several parameters have been studied for identifying the visual outcomes after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for epiretinal membrane (ERM) peeling. This retrospective study aimed to analyze structural retinal changes with spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and their correlations with visual acuity improvement in patients with ERM undergoing PPV. Twenty-one pseudophakic eyes were enrolled in the study. Ophthalmic evaluations included best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and retinal layer thickness measurements with SD-OCT. The segmentation of the retina was divided into four parts: the inner retinal layer (IRL), composed of an internal limiting membrane, retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer, and inner plexiform layer; inner nuclear layer (INL); outer plexiform layer (OPL); and outer nuclear layer (ONL). Correlations between changes in retinal layer thicknesses and BCVA were explored over a 6 month follow-up period. The postoperative thickness decrease of the INL was significantly correlated with thickness changes in all other measured retinal layers (p < 0.001). Non-parametric linear regression showed that postoperative improvement in BCVA was associated with a postoperatively decreased thickness in the IRL (p = 0.021), INL (p = 0.039), and OPL (p = 0.021). In eyes undergoing PPV, postoperative thickness decreases of the IRL, INL, and OPL were correlated with visual acuity improvements. Re-compaction of these retinal layers after relieving ERM-induced traction may be an important factor in postoperative visual function improvement.

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Correlation of retinal layer changes with vision gain in diabetic macular edema during conbercept treatment

10.21203/rs.2.343/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Yupeng Xu ◽

Yuan Qu ◽

Yan Suo ◽

Jian Gao ◽

Xia Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Macular Edema ◽

Layer Thickness ◽

Diabetic Macular Edema ◽

Outer Nuclear Layer ◽

Plexiform Layer ◽

Retinal Layer ◽

Central Field ◽

Inner Plexiform Layer ◽

Sd Oct

Abstract Backgrounds: To assess the changes in individual retinal layer thickness and visual function associated with gains in visual acuity after an intravitreal conbercept injection in the diabetic macular edema (DME) on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and microperimetry during 1-year follow-up. Methods: Retrospective observational study. Twenty patients with clinically significant DME in the study eye were imaged by SD-OCT every three months and MP1 microperimeter in the third month while receiving anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (conbercept) treatment. In each patient, seven retinal layers were segmented in 98 scans covering a 6mm×6mm area of the macula at baseline and during 1 year of treatment. An automatic, full-threshold microperimetry of the central field (10°×10°, 40 stimulated points) with the MP1 microperimeter. Thickness and microperimetry changes were quantitatively measured and evaluated for their correlation with increases in visual acuity. Results: Although thicknesses of the inner nuclear layer (INL) and the outer nuclear layer (ONL) were reduced the most after treatment (p< 0.05), decreases of the ganglion cell layer (GCL) (r = 0.591, p= 0.006) and inner plexiform layer (IPL) (r= 0.663, p= 0.001) in central subfield area was associated with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) gain, and had the best estimation of BCVA gain (adjust R2=0.544). Mean macular sensitivity in the central subfield was also well correlated with BCVA gain (r=0.531, p=0.016). Conclusions: Whereas the largest decrease of layer thickness occurred in the INL and ONL, the decreases in GCL and IPL were more associated with gains in vision and improved microperimetry. The decrease of the GCL and IPL might suggest that neural recovery occurred after the resolution of edema during conbercept treatment. Keywords: Diabetic macular edema, retinal layer thickness, layer segmentation, anti-VEGF, Conbercept.

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Changes in each retinal layer and ellipsoid zone recovery after full-thickness macular hole surgery

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-90955-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Min-Woo Lee ◽

Tae-Yeon Kim ◽

Yong-Yeon Song ◽

Seung-Kook Baek ◽

Young-Hoon Lee

Keyword(s):

Macular Hole ◽

Axial Length ◽

Outer Nuclear Layer ◽

Plexiform Layer ◽

Retinal Layer ◽

Inner Plexiform Layer ◽

Full Thickness ◽

Ellipsoid Zone ◽

Full Thickness Macular Hole ◽

Fellow Eyes

AbstractTo analyze the changes in each retinal layer and the recovery of the ellipsoid zone (EZ) after full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) surgery. Patients who underwent surgery for FTMH were included. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was performed preoperatively and postoperatively at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. A total of 32 eyes were enrolled. Ganglion cell layer, inner plexiform layer, and inner nuclear layer showed significant reductions over time after surgery (P = 0.020, P = 0.001, and P = 0.001, respectively), but were significantly thicker than those of fellow eyes at 12 months postoperatively. The average recovery duration of the external limiting membrane (ELM), outer nuclear layer (ONL), and EZ was 1.5, 2.1, and 6.1 months, respectively. Baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (P = 0.003), minimum linear diameter (MLD) (P = 0.025), recovery of EZ (P = 0.008), and IRL thickness (P < 0.001) were significant factors associated with changes in the BCVA. Additionally, axial length (P < 0.001), MLD (P = 0.020), and IRL thickness (P = 0.001) showed significant results associated with EZ recovery. The IRL gradually became thinner after FTMH surgery but was still thicker than that of the fellow eye at 12 months postoperatively. The recovery of ELM and ONL may be a prerequisite for the EZ recovery. The BCVA change was affected by baseline BCVA, MLD, recovery of EZ, and IRL thickness. Additionally, axial length, MLD, and IRL thickness were significantly associated with EZ recovery.

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