The effect of prepregnancy body mass index on maternal micronutrient status: a meta-analysis

AbstractThe relationship between prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and maternal micronutrient status is inconsistent and has not received sufficient attention. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of prepregnancy BMI on micronutrient levels in pregnant women. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched for articles that contained information on micronutrient levels and prepregnancy BMI. A random-effects model was used to determine the association between prepregnancy BMI and maternal micronutrient status. Sixty-one eligible articles were eventually included, with 83,554 participants. Vitamin B12, folate, vitamin D, iron and ferritin were the main micronutrients evaluated in our meta-analysis. Prepregnancy obesity and overweight may lead to an increased risk of micronutrient deficiency, including vitamin B12, folate and vitamin D deficiency, while prepregnancy obesity or overweight may have no significant association with ferritin deficiency. Additionally, the results of the dose–response analyses demonstrated a possible significant inverse correlation between prepregnancy BMI and levels of micronutrient, except for iron and ferritin. Compared with women with normal weight, women who were overweight or obese prepregnancy have lower micronutrient concentrations and are more likely to exhibit micronutrient deficiency during pregnancy, which is harmful to both mothers and neonates.

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Associations of Prepregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain with Intelligence in Offspring: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-122777/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Simeng Zhu ◽

Yichen He ◽

Chen Zhang ◽

Yanting Wu ◽

Hefeng Huang

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Body Mass ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Prepregnancy Bmi ◽

Prepregnancy Body Mass Index

Abstract Background: As a growing health problem, maternal obesity may have an adverse effect on offspring neurodevelopment. The effects of maternal overweight and obesity and excessive gestational weight gain on offspring intelligence remains unclear. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the influence of prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain on children’s intelligence.Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Ovid Medline from their inception through July 2020. Studies assessing the association between prepregnancy BMI or gestational weight gain and children’s intelligence (from 3 years to 10 years) were screened manually before final inclusion. We included prospective and retrospective cohorts that analysed the association between prepregnancy BMI or gestational weight gain and intelligence of offspring. We used the Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effects method to compute the weight mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of each study.Results: Twelve articles were included in the systematic review, and six of them were included in the meta-analysis. There was a significant full-scale IQ reduction in children of overweight and obese women, with WMDs of -3.25 (95% CI: -3.05, -2.42) and -4.85 (95% CI: -5.93, -3.76), respectively. Compared with that in the control group, the WMDs for performance IQ were -2.40 (95% CI: -3.45, -1.34) and -5.28 (95% CI: -7.22, -3.34) in the overweight and obesity groups, respectively, and the WMDs for verbal IQ were -3.47 (95% CI: -4.38, -2.56) and -5.71 (95% CI: -7.13, -4.29), respectively. However, there was no significant reduction in children’s full-scale intelligence scores due to excessive weight gain; the WMD was -0.14 (95% CI: -0.92, 0.65).Conclusions: Prepregnancy overweight and obesity might have disadvantageous consequences on children’s intelligence; however, we observed no significant difference between excessive and normal gestational weight gain. Therefore, weight control before pregnancy is more important than that during pregnancy in terms of children’s intelligence.Trial registration: This systematic review and meta-analysis have been registered in PROSPERO (Number: CRD42020199215).

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Are observed associations between a high maternal prepregnancy body mass index and offspring IQ likely to be causal?

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health ◽

10.1136/jech-2019-212257 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 73 (10) ◽

pp. 920-928 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Helen Coo ◽

Leandre Fabrigar ◽

Gregory Davies ◽

Renee Fitzpatrick ◽

Michael Flavin

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Maternal Obesity ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Offspring Performance ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Prepregnancy Body Mass Index ◽

Parents And Children ◽

Prepregnancy Obesity ◽

Maternal Prepregnancy Obesity

BackgroundA high maternal prepregnancy body mass index has been associated with lower offspring IQ, but it is unclear if the relationship is causal. To explore this, our objectives were to compare maternal and paternal estimates and to assess whether certain factors mediate the association.MethodsWe analysed data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, which initially recruited 14 541 women residing in Avon, UK, with an expected date of delivery in 1991–1992. Data were collected during and after pregnancy by questionnaire, medical record abstraction and clinical assessment. At approximately 8 years of age, psychologists administered an abbreviated form of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III. We fit multivariable logistic regression models to estimate parental prepregnancy obesity and overweight–offspring IQ associations. Counterfactually defined indirect (mediated) effects of maternal prepregnancy obesity on offspring IQ were estimated through path analysis.ResultsAmong 4324 mother–father–child triads and using normal weight as the referent, we observed consistently stronger associations for maternal prepregnancy obesity and offspring performance IQ (eg, adjusted β (95% CI)=−3.4 (−5.7 to −1.2) vs −0.97 (−2.9 to 0.96) for paternal obesity). The indirect effects of maternal obesity on offspring IQ through pathways involving gestational weight gain and duration of breastfeeding were small but significant.ConclusionOur findings are consistent with a weak biologic effect of maternal adiposity in pregnancy on offspring performance IQ. Given the growing prevalence of obesity worldwide, more evidence is needed to resolve the correlation versus causation debate in this area.

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The Influence of Increased Prepregnancy Body Mass Index and Excessive Gestational Weight Gain on Pregnancy Course and Fetal and Maternal Perinatal Outcomes

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare8040362 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 362

Author(s):

Milan Lackovic ◽

Dejan Filimonovic ◽

Sladjana Mihajlovic ◽

Biljana Milicic ◽

Ivana Filipovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Body Mass ◽

Perinatal Period ◽

Close Monitoring ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Prepregnancy Bmi ◽

Prepregnancy Body Mass Index ◽

Excessive Gestational Weight Gain

Background: The aim of our study was to assess the influence of prepregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) changes as well as excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) on maternal and fetal perinatal parameters. Furthermore, we aimed to analyze the influence of increased prepregnancy BMI values and excessive GWG on neonatal early motoric development. Methods: The 203 eligible female participants were evaluated. Prepregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) defined according to Institute of Medicine 2009 guidelines in the USA were assessed with tested maternal and fetal perinatal parameters and infants early motoric development (Alberta Infant Motor Scale—AIMS). Results: Significant predictors of increased prepregnancy BMI in perinatal period include: weight at delivery (p = 0.001), GWG (p = 0.002) and BMI at delivery (p < 0.001), while significant predictors of excessive GWG in perinatal period are: prepregnancy BMI (p = 0.029) and BMI at delivery (p < 0.001). In the group of participants with both increased prepregnancy BMI and excessive GWG versus others, significant predictors were: hypertension (HTA) (p = 0.019), amniotic fluid index (AFI) (p = 0.047), Pronation (AIMS) (p = 0.028) and Supination (AIMS) (p = 0.029). Conclusion: Increased prepregnancy BMI and excessive GWG are significantly associated with numerous perinatal factors that could alter the pregnancy course, pregnancy outcome and early motoric development of newborn. Moreover, increased prepregnancy BMI is shown to be a significant predictor of excessive GWG; thus, early selection of pregnant women for close monitoring of weight gain during pregnancy will have positive effects on reducing the risk of less favorable pregnancy course and early motoric development of newborn.

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The Relation between Changes in Vitamin D and Vitamin B12 Levels, Body Mass Index and Outcome in Methadone Maintenance Treatment Patients

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs ◽

10.1080/02791072.2020.1840680 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Elad Malik ◽

Lihi Rozner ◽

Miriam Adelson ◽

Shaul Schreiber ◽

Einat Peles

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin B12 ◽

Body Mass ◽

Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽

Maintenance Treatment ◽

Methadone Maintenance

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Body Mass Index, Vitamin D, and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10091182 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1182 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Shamaila Rafiq ◽

Per Jeppesen

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Body Mass ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels

The deficiency of vitamin D is prevalent all over the world. Studies have shown that vitamin D may play an important role in the development of obesity. The current study was conducted to quantitatively evaluate the association between serum 25-(OH) vitamin D levels and the risk of obesity in both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies was carried out for that purpose. We searched the Medline, PubMed, and Embase databases throughout all of March 2018. A total of fifty five observational studies for both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects were finally included in the meta-analysis. The data were analyzed by comprehensive meta-analysis software version 3 and the random effects model was used to analyze the data. The meta-analysis showed an overall inverse relationship between serum vitamin D status and body mass index (BMI) in studies of both diabetic (r = −0.173, 95% = −0.241 to −0.103, p = 0.000) and non-diabetic (r = −0.152, 95% = −0.187 to −0.116, p = 0.000) subjects. The evidence of publication bias was not found in this meta-analysis. In conclusion, the deficiency of vitamin D is associated with an increased level of BMI in the studies of both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Reliable evidence from well-designed future randomized controlled trials is required to confirm the findings from observational studies and to find out the potential regulatory effects of vitamin D supplementation to lower BMI.

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A Comparison of the Changes in Gestational Weight, Body Mass Index, and Serum Vitamin D Level in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Patients Complemented with Vitamin D in Contrast to Those Who Did Not Receive the Supplement: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials

International Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism ◽

10.1159/000505269 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (3-4) ◽

pp. 74-79 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sumanta Saha ◽

Sujata Saha

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Body Mass ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Statistical Heterogeneity

Aims: To date, it is largely unknown how body mass index (BMI), gestational weight (GW), and stored vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels change in the vitamin D-supplemented gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients, irrespective of their pre-pregnancy BMI. Therefore, to study this association, a prospective systematic review and meta-analysis protocol is proposed here. Methods: Primarily, different databases (PubMed, Embase and Scopus) will be searched (without any limitation to date or language) for randomised parallel-arm trials comparing GW, BMI and stored vitamin D level in the body among GDM patients who were supplemented and not supplemented with vitamin D, besides their conventional GDM care. The study selection process and the consecutive risk of bias assessment will adhere to the PRISMA 2009 flow chart and the Cochrane collaboration’s guideline, respectively. These interventions’ effect on the respective outcomes will be compared by meta-analysis (along with an assessment of the statistical heterogeneity) when comparable data will be available from at least 4 studies. Subgroup analysis and Egger’s meta-regression will follow if an adequate number of trials are available. Narrative reporting will be considered when a quantitative comparison is not feasible for any of the outcomes. Conclusion: The proposed review aims to compare the BMI, GW, and 25(OH)D levels in the blood between the vitamin D supplemented and not supplemented GDM patients.

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Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in relation to body mass index: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Obesity Reviews ◽

10.1111/obr.12016 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 393-404 ◽

Cited By ~ 112

Author(s):

P. Saneei ◽

A. Salehi-Abargouei ◽

A. Esmaillzadeh

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Body Mass ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

25 Hydroxy Vitamin D

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Associations of prepregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, and intelligence in offspring: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Reproductive and Developmental Medicine ◽

10.4103/2096-2924.334380 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 247

Author(s):

Yan-Ting Wu ◽

He-Feng Huang ◽

Si-Meng Zhu ◽

Yi-Chen He ◽

Chen Zhang

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Body Mass ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Prepregnancy Body Mass Index

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Prevalence of Micronutrient Deficiency after Bariatric Surgery

Obesity Facts ◽

10.1159/000514847 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Eva-Christina Krzizek ◽

Johanna Maria Brix ◽

Alexander Stöckl ◽

Verena Parzer ◽

Bernhard Ludvik

Keyword(s):

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Folic Acid ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Vitamin B12 ◽

Micronutrient Deficiency ◽

Micronutrient Status ◽

25 Oh Vitamin D

Introduction: While vitamin deficiency after bariatric surgery has been repeatedly described, few studies have focused on adequate micronutrient status. In this study, we examine the prevalence of vitamin and micronutrient deficiency for the first 3 years after surgery. Methods: Out of 1,216 patients undergoing surgery, 485 who underwent postoperative follow-up in an outpatient clinic between 2010 and 2019 were included in this evaluation (76.9% women, mean age 42 ± 12 years, mean BMI: year 1, 33.9 ± 19.2; year 2, 29.7 ± 8.7; year 3, 26.2 ± 4.0). Weight and cardiovascular risk factors as well as ferritin, vitamin B12, folic acid, 25-OH-vitamin D, vitamin A, vitamin E, zinc, copper, and selenium were evaluated. Deficits were defined as follows: ferritin <15 µg/L, vitamin B12 <197 pg/mL, folic acid <4.4 ng/mL, 25-OH-vitamin D <75 nmol/L, vitamin A <1.05 µmol/L, vitamin E <12 µmol/L, zinc <0.54 mg/L, copper <0.81 mg/L, and selenium <50 µg/L. All patients underwent dietary counselling and substitution of the respective deficits as appropriate. Results: One year after bariatric surgery, 485 patients completed follow-up. This number decreased to 114 patients in year 2, and 80 patients in year 3. Overall, 42.7% (n = 207) underwent sleeve gastrectomy, 43.7% (n = 211) Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass, and 13.9% (n = 67) gastric banding. The following deficits were found (year 1/2/3): ferritin, 21.6/35.0/32.5%; vitamin B12, 14.3/1.8/6.3%; folic acid, 29.7/21.6/15.3%; 25-OH-vitamin D, 70.8/67.0/57.4%; vitamin A, 13.2/8.9/12.8%; vitamin E, 0%; zinc, 1.7/0/1.5%; copper, 10.4/12.2/11.9%; selenium, 11.1/4.3/0%. Conclusion: As seen in other studies, the follow-up frequency decreased over the years. Despite intensive substitution, the extent of some deficiencies increased or did not improve. These results suggest reinforcing measures to motivate patients for regular follow-up visits, considering closer monitoring schedules, and improving supplementation strategies.

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