Mild hypothermia via selective head cooling as neuroprotective therapy in term neonates with perinatal asphyxia: an experience from a single neonatal intensive care unit

Abstract Introduction. Acute kidney injury is a serious condition which damages the kidney as a central mediator of the homeostasis of bodily fluids and electrolytes. It is not a rare problem in the intensive care units, particularly in the neonatal population. Perinatal asphyxia is a common predisposing factor associated with neonatal kidney injury. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of acute kidney injury in newborns from neonatal intensive care unit and to explore the association with perinatal asphyxia. Methods. The study was conducted at the Children’s University Hospital in Skopje, R. Macedonia. It was a clinical, prospective study. In the period of two years (January 2013 to December 2014) 29 patients hospitalized at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) with documented neonatal kidney injury were analyzed. Medical data records of admitted neonates with kidney injury were analyzed. The material was statistically analyzed using methods of descriptive statistics. Results. We evaluated 29 neonates with documented acute kidney injury who at the period of 2 years were treated in NICU. The prevalence of kidney injury was 6.4%. Most of involved neonates were born at term (66%). Prerenal injury was evaluated in 80% of cases. Perinatal asphyxia was the most common predisposing factors for kidney injury in our study, revealed in 56% of cases with predominance of term-infants and male gender. Sepsis was present in 44% of cases, prematurity in 34%, and congenital malformation in 27% of cases. Mortality rate was 27.5% and it was higher in patients with assisted ventilation and sepsis. Conclusion. Perinatal asphyxia is a dominant predisposing factor associated with neonatal kidney injury. Often, the occurrence of kidney damage in the neonatal population is multifactorial (more than 40%) and caused by several associated comorbidities

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Differences between late preterm and term neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit a two-year retrospective study

Journal of Marine Medical Society ◽

10.4103/0975-3605.203395 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

AniketAnil Parashar ◽

Shankar Narayan

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Late Preterm ◽

Term Neonates

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Clinical Profile of Neonates with Respiratory Distress in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.4770 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 57 (220) ◽

Author(s):

Anita Lamichhane ◽

Kiran Panthee ◽

Sharmila Gurung

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽

Respiratory Distress ◽

Sample Size ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Perinatal Asphyxia ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Hospital

Introduction: Respiratory distress in newborns is a very common reason for admission in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit which may be transient or pathological; morbidity is high if not prompted for early diagnosis and treatment. The present study is undertaken to find out the clinical profile of neonates with respiratory distress in infants in a tertiary care hospital in western Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital in the western region of Nepal from April 2017 to March 2018 after approval from the institutional review committee. Sample size was calculated and consecutive sampling was done to reach the sample size. Data were collected from the study population after taking consent and entered in a predesigned proforma. It was then entered in a Statistical Package for Social Sciences, data analysis was done to find frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Tachypnea was the most common presentation 77 (69.36%). Out of 1694 live deliveries during the study period, the prevalence of respiratory distress was 6.55 % in the total live deliveries while 30.83 % in admitted cases in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Survival rate was 95.50% while mortality rate accounted for 4.50%. Conclusions: Perinatal asphyxia accounted for the commonest cause of respiratory distress. To lessen the morbidity and mortality of the neonates with respiratory distress it is advocated that we practice proper and timely neonatal resuscitation, recognize the risk factors as early as possible so that perinatal asphyxia can be minimized.

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Significance of cardiac murmurs in term neonates admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary level hospital in India

Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health ◽

10.4038/sljch.v48i1.8646 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

Prashant Hari Bhadane ◽

Shakuntala Prabhu ◽

Sumitra Venkatesh ◽

Jayashree Mishra

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Tertiary Level ◽

Term Neonates ◽

Level Hospital

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Disease pattern and Biochemical profile as a predictor of outcome of Critically sick neonates in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Northern International Medical College Journal ◽

10.3329/nimcj.v10i2.45433 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 381-385

Author(s):

Mir Mohammad Yusuf ◽

BH Nazma Yasmeen ◽

MAK Azad Chowdhury

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Perinatal Asphyxia ◽

Severe Infection ◽

Biochemical Profile ◽

Acid Base ◽

Disease Pattern ◽

Acute Neurological Deterioration

Background: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is predominately concerned with the management of critically sick neonates having acute life threatening conditions. Usually neonates having respiratory distress, acute neurological deterioration, severe infection and prematurity contribute the major admission in a NICU. Objective: To find out the disease pattern and biochemical profile as a predictor of outcome of critically sick neonates in NICU. Methods: This observational prospective study was carried out at NICU of Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital from January 2015 to July 2015. Total 121 neonates were enrolled according to inclusion criteria and analyzed some important biochemical profile specially electrolyte and blood gas status as a part of proper management as well as to predict their outcome. Results: Among critically sick neonates, perinatal asphyxia was common disorder followed by sepsis. Biochemical profile specially electrolyte and acid-base disruption play important role to the outcome of critically sick neonates. Low pH, low potassium and high base-deficit level were found to have worse outcome. Conclusion: Perinatal asphyxia constitutemajor cause of admission ofcritically sick neonates. Early detection of electrolyte and acid-base status is helpful to care and overall survival of these neonates. Mortality was the highest among neonatal sepsis followedby perinatal asphyxia. Metabolic acidosis and hypokalemia were the predictor of outcome of such critically sick neonates. Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.10 (2) Jan 2019: 381-385

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Magnitude and determinants of newborn mortality in neonatal intensive care unit hospitals in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-16396/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Gizachew Tadele Tiruneh ◽

Tesega Mengistu Birhanu ◽

Abdurahaman Seid ◽

Mahteme Haile Workneh ◽

Dareskedar Getie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Perinatal Asphyxia ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Early Age ◽

Initiation Of Breastfeeding

Abstract Background: In Ethiopia, the neonatal mortality rate has not shown significant changes over time and is among the highest in the world. Exploring the magnitude and the causes of neonatal mortality in the hospital where neonatal intensive care unit is functioning could be supremely important to step towards improving the quality of neonatal care services. Therefore, this review aimed to explore the pooled magnitude and determinates of neonatal mortality in the neonatal intensive care unit hospitals in Ethiopia. Methods : The research team retrieved global peer-reviewed journal articles available as electronic databases including PubMed, Popline, and Scopus databases. Google Scholar, institutional repositories, and Google were used to retrieve grey literature. Random-effects meta-analysis model was used to pool the estimates of the magnitude of mortality among studies. The results were presented as the pooled estimates (odds ratio and proportion) with 95% confidence intervals, at less than 0.05 significant levels. Results: In this review, 10 studies were included with a total of 8,729 neonates. Of these, 1,779 (20.4%) neonates died in the neonatal intensive care unit. The pooled neonatal mortality rate was 19.0% (95% CI: 14.0-25.0). The neonatal mortality is three times higher among early age (OR: 2.80; 95% CI: 1.45-5.40) and preterm newborns (OR: 3.27; 95% CI: 2.12-5.07) than their counterparts. Early age of the newborn, prematurity, low birth weight, perinatal asphyxia, mode of delivery, hypothermia, late initiation of breastfeeding, and having antenatal care visits were the main determinants for neonatal mortality. Likewise, perinatal asphyxia, hyaline membrane disease, respiratory distress syndrome, and prematurity were identified as the most determinant and statistically associated with the death of premature neonates admitted to intensive care units. Conclusion: Neonatal mortality in the intensive care unit is high. It is unacceptably high amongst early and preterm neonates. Special care for preterm and early age newborns, timely initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, and appropriate mode of delivery, essential obstetric and newborn care, and promoting antenatal visits are recommended to reduce neonatal mortality. Protocol registration: The protocol was registered at the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) with registration number CRD42019123195.

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The efficacy of routine brain MRI for term neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine ◽

10.1080/14767058.2020.1814240 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Hirosato Aoki ◽

Maho Fujino ◽

Ikuyo Arai ◽

Hajime Yasuhara ◽

Reiko Ebisu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Brain Mri ◽

Term Neonates

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Maternal risk factors and early neonatal outcome among late preterm and term neonates in a neonatal intensive care unit in Punjab, India

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20180565 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 612

Author(s):

Kambiakdik T. ◽

Anish D. Leelalanslat ◽

Inderpreet Sohi ◽

Varughese P. Varkey

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Late Preterm ◽

Preterm Neonates ◽

Maternal Risk Factors ◽

Term Neonates ◽

Maternal Risk

Background: Late preterm neonates (34 to 36 weeks 6/7 days) were considered as ‘near term’ as they appeared apparently mature and comparable to term neonates. Many studies have now reported significantly higher rates of morbidity and mortality among this group of neonates. This study aims to evaluate the maternal risk factors associated with and short-term outcome of late preterm neonates compared to term neonates.Methods: A Retrospective cohort study was conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary care teaching hospital. All intramural late preterm neonates with gestational age of 34-36 weeks born during the study period were enrolled. The control group included term neonates (37-42 weeks) born during the study period. Data regarding the maternal risk factors and neonatal outcomes for both the late preterm and term neonates were collected from records maintained in the NICU. Results: There were 3275 deliveries during the study period, of which 2447 (74.8%) were term. Among the 828 preterm neonates, 500 (60.4%) were late preterms. The maternal risk factors significantly associated with late preterm neonates were PIH, eclampsia, APH, multiple gestation, PROM, oligohydramnios and abnormal dopplers. Incidence of Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), sepsis and hypoglycemia were higher among the late preterm group with an odd’s ratio of 56.01, 9.9 and 7.8 respectively. Incidence of hypocalcemia, seizures and Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension (PPHN) were also higher among this group. There was no statistically significant difference in mortality among the two groups.Conclusions: Late preterm neonates have a significantly higher neonatal morbidity compared to term neonates.

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