Effects of ultrasonication on increased germination and improved seedling growth of aged grass seeds of tall fescue and Russian wildrye

An experiment was conducted near Scottsbluff, NE, to assess three techniques for establishing perennial grasses in pasture sites and to evaluate the effectiveness of five perennial grasses compared with herbicide or mowing for Canada thistle control. Perennial grass density 9 mo after seeding and perennial grass biomass 12 mo after seeding both followed the same trend, indicating that preplant rototilling improved perennial grass establishment. After 3 yr, Canada thistle control was greater than 90% in plots where perennial grasses had been established utilizing preplant rototilling, and competitive grasses were as effective as yearly applications of clopyralid at 0.55 kg/ha for controlling Canada thistle. Averaged across two studies conducted for 3 yr, hybrid wheatgrass, intermediate wheatgrass, Russian wildrye, tall fescue, and western wheatgrass provided 85, 74, 76, 78, and 66% Canada thistle control, respectively.

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‘Grasslands Roa’ tall fescue: Seedling growth and establishment

New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1080/03015521.1982.10427884 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 285-289 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

J. L. Brock ◽

L. B. Anderson ◽

J. A. Lancashire

Keyword(s):

Seedling Growth ◽

Tall Fescue

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Common Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Management in Cool-Season Turfgrass

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00045280 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 478-483 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

David W. Cudney ◽

Clyde L. Elmore ◽

Victor A. Gibeault ◽

John S. Reints

Keyword(s):

Seedling Growth ◽

Perennial Ryegrass ◽

Tall Fescue ◽

Seedling Establishment ◽

Cynodon Dactylon ◽

Practical Method ◽

Cool Season ◽

Perennial Weed ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Common Bermudagrass

Common bermudagrass is an invasive, perennial weed of cool-season turfgrass in California. Complete renovation of the infested area has been the only practical method of restoring desirable cool-season turfgrasses. In studies in southern and northern California, common bermudagrass was suppressed with sequential herbicide applications, allowing seedling establishment and regrowth of established cool-season turfgrass species. One application of fenoxaprop, triclopyr, or their combinations did not control common bermudagrass. Sequential applications of these herbicide treatments resulted in 99, 94, and 100% control of common bermudagrass, respectively, and resulted in establishment of seeded perennial ryegrass in Riverside, CA, over a 2-yr period. Similar results were obtained in the recovery of established tall fescue from a common bermudagrass/tall fescue turfgrass mixture in Willows, CA. Both fenoxaprop and triclopyr can reduce emergence and stunt seedling growth of perennial ryegrass and tall fescue. Greenhouse studies showed that stunting and stand loss of tall fescue and perennial ryegrass seedlings could be reduced by delaying applications from PRE to the two-leaf stage.

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Early seedling growth and forage production of diploid and tetraploid crested wheatgrass and Russian wildrye cultivars

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps06038 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 88 (4) ◽

pp. 687-693 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Paul G Jefferson ◽

Bruce Coulman

Keyword(s):

Seedling Growth ◽

Field Trial ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Field Trials ◽

Tiller Number ◽

The Other ◽

Forage Production ◽

Seedling Vigour ◽

Crested Wheatgrass ◽

Russian Wildrye

Cultivars selected for improved seedling vigour may also differ in seedling growth and subsequent forage production. The objective of this project was to compare three cultivars of crested wheatgrass (CWG) and four cultivars of Russian wildrye (RWR) for seedling growth in a greenhouse (GH) trial and two field trials when seeded at 15, 30 and 45 mm depths. Cultivars were Goliath, Kirk and Parkway CWG and SCR39903, Swift, Tetracan, and Tom RWR. Seedling emergence, tiller number, and seedling biomass were determined at 28 d after seeding (DAS) in all three trials. In addition, forage dry matter (DM) yield was determined for 2 yr in the field trials. Small-seeded diploid Parkway crested wheatgrass had reduced emergence at 45 mm seeding depth compared with larger-seeded tetraploid Kirk and Goliath. Goliath had reduced tillering compared with the other two CWG cultivars. The emergence of Tetracan tetraploid RWR was greater at deeper seeding depth than diploid cultivars, SCR39902, Swift and Tom in Field Trial 2, but not in Field Trial 1 and the GH trial. Seedling tiller number of Tetracan RWR was less than that of the other three cultivars. Two-year total CWG forage DM yield in the field was best correlated to emergence. In contrast, 2-yr total RWR forage DM was best correlated to seedling tiller number in GH and Field Trial 2 despite the low tiller numbers at 28 d after seeding. Field emergence of Russian wildrye did not appear to be limiting to seedling establishment in contrast to previous reports. Selection in RWR should include seedling tiller number in combination with seedling emergence in order to improve both seedling vigour and forage productivity. Key words: Establishment, tiller, emergence, forage yields, seedling depth

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Seedling growth analysis of Russian wildrye

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps93-132 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 73 (4) ◽

pp. 1009-1015 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Paul G. Jefferson

Keyword(s):

Seedling Growth ◽

Root Length ◽

Carbon Allocation ◽

Seed Mass ◽

Specific Root Length ◽

Crested Wheatgrass ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Seedling Growth Rate ◽

Russian Wildrye ◽

High Tillering

Tetracan, a recently released tetraploid cultivar of Russian wildrye (Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.) Nevski), has larger seed mass and better emergence from seeding depth than diploid cultivars. The objective of this research was to compare the seedling growth of Russian wildrye with crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) Schultes), Nordan and second to compare Tetracan Russian wildrye with two diploid Russian wildrye cultivars, Mayak and Swift. Seedlings were destructively harvested at 28, 42, 56, and 70 d after planting (DAP) in the greenhouse. Crested wheatgrass had greater seedling biomass in shoot and root, higher tiller number, and a more efficient root system than the Russian wildrye. Tetracan had fewer, larger tillers with larger leaves and greater root length than the two diploid cultivars. These results document that the tetraploid cultivar Tetracan has a different pattern of tiller initiation and growth than the diploid cultivars. Seedling growth rate and biomass yield (seedling vigor) of tetraploid Russian wildrye could be improved through polyploidization with high tillering diploid breeding lines as parents and selection for large tiller size (similar to Tetracan) while maintaining high tillering capacity. Key words: Specific root length, leaf area, tillering, carbon allocation

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