Parietin: an efficient photo-screening pigment in vivo with good photosensitizing and photodynamic antibacterial effects in vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura R. Comini ◽  
F. Eduardo Morán Vieyra ◽  
Ricardo A. Mignone ◽  
Paulina L. Páez ◽  
M. Laura Mugas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Photodynamic Action ◽  
Screening Pigment

In lichens, Parietin forms tiny crystals acting as photo-screening. But in solution it behaves as photosensitizer killing bacteria by photodynamic action.

scholarly journals Subinhibitory Antimicrobial Concentrations: A Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Data

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
George G Zhanel ◽  
Daryl J Hoban ◽  
Godfrey KM Harding
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Bacterial Virulence ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Immune Defences

Antimicrobial activity is not an ‘all or none’ effect. An increase in the rate and extent of antimicrobial action is usually observed over a wide range of antimicrobial concentrations. Subinhibitory antimicrobial concentrations are well known to produce significant antibacterial effects, and various antimicrobials at subinhibitory concentrations have been reported to inhibit the rate of bacterial growth. Bacterial virulence may be increased or decreased by subinhibitory antimicrobial concentrations by changes in the ability of bacteria to adhere to epithelial cells or by alterations in bacterial susceptibility to host immune defences. Animal studies performed in rats, hamsters and rabbits demonstrate decreased bacterial adherence, reduced infectivity and increased survival of animals treated with subinhibitory antimicrobial concentrations compared to untreated controls. The major future role of investigation of subinhibitory antimicrobial concentrations will be to define more fully, at a molecular level, how antimicrobials exert their antibacterial effects.

scholarly journals A high-throughput metabolic microarray assay reveals antibacterial effects of black and red raspberries and blackberries against Helicobacter pylori infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candace Goodman ◽  
Katrina Lyon ◽  
Aitana Scotto ◽  
Mandi M. Roe ◽  
Farimah Moghimpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Black Raspberry ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
H Pylori

AbstractHelicobacter pylori is an important bacterial pathogen that causes chronic infection of the human stomach, leading to gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. Treatment with appropriate antibiotics can eliminate H. pylori infection and reduce the risk for severe disease outcomes. However, since H. pylori is becoming increasingly resistant to standard antibiotic regimens, novel treatment strategies are needed. Previous studies have demonstrated that black and red berries may have antibacterial properties. Therefore, we analyzed organic extracts and powders from black and red raspberries and blackberries and determined their antibacterial effects on multiple H. pylori strains. We used high-performance liquid chromatography to measure berry anthocyanins, which are considered the major active ingredients. To monitor antibiotic effects of the berry preparations on H. pylori, we developed a high-throughput metabolic growth assay based on the OmniLog™ system. All berry preparations tested had significant bactericidal effects in vitro, with MIC90 values ranging from 0.49 to 4.17%. We next used human gastric epithelial organoids to evaluate biocompatibility of the berry preparations and showed that black raspberry extract, which had the strongest antimicrobial activity, was non-toxic at the concentration required for complete bacterial growth inhibition. To determine whether dietary black raspberry application could eliminate H. pylori infection in vivo, mice were infected with H. pylori and then were placed on a diet containing 10% black raspberry powder. However, this treatment did not significantly impact bacterial infection rates or gastric pathology. In summary, our data indicate that black and red raspberry and blackberry products have potential applications in the treatment and prevention of H. pylori infection, because of their antibacterial effects and good biocompatibility. However, delivery and formulation of berry compounds needs to be optimized to achieve significant antibacterial effects in vivo.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo antibacterial effects of combinations of beta-lactam antibiotics.

1981 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 634-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
N A Kuck ◽  
R T Testa ◽  
M Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics

scholarly journals In Vivo Study of the Antibacterial Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol Loaded with Silver Nanoparticle Hydrogel for Wound Healing Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Dat Nguyen ◽  
Thanh Truc Nguyen ◽  
Khanh Loan Ly ◽  
Anh Hien Tran ◽  
Thi Thanh Ngoc Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Healing Rate ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Topical Gel ◽  
Significant Difference

Silver nanoparticles have attracted great interests widely in medicine due to its great characteristics of antibacterial activity. In this research, the antibacterial activity and biocompatibility of a topical gel synthesized from polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan, and silver nanoparticles were studied. Hydrogels with different concentrations of silver nanoparticles (15 ppm, 30 ppm, and 60 ppm) were evaluated to compare their antibacterial activity, nanoparticles’ sizes, and in vivo behaviors. The resulted silver nanoparticles in the hydrogel were characterized by TEM showing the nanoparticles’ sizes less than 22 nm. The in vitro results prove that the antibacterial effects of all of the samples are satisfied. However, the in vivo results demonstrate the significant difference among different hydrogels in wound healing, where hydrogel with 30 ppm shows the best healing rate.

Non-antibiotic agent ginsenoside 20(S)-Rh2 enhanced the antibacterial effects of ciprofloxacin in vitro and in vivo as a potential NorA inhibitor

2014 ◽  
Vol 740 ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwei Zhang ◽  
Yuan Sun ◽  
Yaoyao Wang ◽  
Meng Lu ◽  
Jichao He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Antibiotic Agent

scholarly journals Exploring valrubicin’s effect on Propionibacterium acnes-induced skin inflammation in vitro and in vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Rottboell ◽  
Sarah De Foenss ◽  
Kenneth Thomsen ◽  
Helle Christiansen ◽  
Stine M. Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Skin Inflammation ◽  
Follicular Epithelium ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Topical Formulation ◽  
Keratinocyte Proliferation ◽  
Common Skin ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression

Acne is a common skin disease involving colonization with <em>Propionibacterium</em> <em>acnes</em> (<em>P</em>. <em>acnes</em>), hyperproliferation of the follicular epithelium and inflammatory events. Valrubicin is a second-generation anthracycline, non-toxic upon contact, and available in a topical formulation. Valrubicin’s predecessor doxorubicin possesses antibacterial effects and previously we demonstrated that valrubicin inhibits keratinocyte proliferation and skin inflammation suggesting beneficial topical treatment of acne with valrubicin. This study aims to investigate valrubicin’s possible use in acne treatment by testing valrubicin’s antibacterial effects against <em>P</em>. <em>acnes</em> and <em>P.</em> <em>acnes</em>-induced skin inflammation <em>in</em> <em>vitro</em> and <em>in</em> <em>vivo</em>. Valrubicin was demonstrated not to possess antibacterial effects against <em>P.</em> <em>acnes</em>. Additionally, valrubicin was demonstrated not to reduce mRNA and protein expression levels of the inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α <em>in</em> <em>vitro</em> in human keratinocytes co-cultured with <em>P</em>. <em>acnes</em>. Moreover, <em>in</em> <em>vivo</em>, valrubicin, applied both topically and intra-dermally, was not able to reduce signs of inflammation in mouse ears intra-dermally injected with <em>P</em>. <em>acnes</em>. Taken together, this study does not support beneficial antibacterial and anti inflammatory effects of topical valrubicin treatment of acne.

scholarly journals Studies on the Antibacterial Effects of Statins - In Vitro and In Vivo

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. e24394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Bergman ◽  
Charlotte Linde ◽  
Katrin Pütsep ◽  
Anton Pohanka ◽  
Staffan Normark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Effects

In vitro and In vivo Antibacterial Effects of Nisin Against Streptococcus suis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haodan Zhu ◽  
Lixiao Han ◽  
Yanxiu Ni ◽  
Zhengyu Yu ◽  
Dandan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Suis ◽  
Antibacterial Effects

scholarly journals Nanocluster Structure of Pistacia atlantica subsp. Kurdica Turpentine and Its Antibacterial Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramyar Rahimi Darehbagh ◽  
Rojin Ramezani ◽  
Afra Hosseinpanahi ◽  
Ahmad Fotoohi ◽  
Samaneh Rouhi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Pistacia Atlantica ◽  
Inhibition Zones

Background: Medicinal herbs such as Pistacia atlantica (P. atlantica) subsp. Kurdica have antimicrobial effects. The present study is aimed to investigate the nanocluster structure of P. atlantica subsp. Kurdica turpentine and its composing elements and antibacterial effect. Methods: 100 μl ethanol was used to dissolve oily turpentine. 2, 2.2, 2.4, and 2.6 µg/μl of turpentine were used for investigating the antibacterial effects using disk and well diffusion methods. Elemental and nanocluster structure analyses were performed by Energy-Dispersive XRay Microanalysis (EDXMA) and Field Emission (FE)-scanning electron. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferoni test were used for data analysis (p ≤ 0.001). Results and Discussion: EDXMA elemental analysis of turpentine included: zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), fluorine (F), oxygen (O), silicium (Si), carbon (C), and argentum (Ag). A topography image of the turpentine showed a nanocluster surface with bright clusters in the background. The largest diameters of the growth inhibition zones (24.67 ± 0.58 mm in the disk diffusion and 23.67 ± 1.53 mm in the well diffusion) that were created by turpentine were observed against S. aureus ATCC 25923 at the concentration of 2.6 µg/μl. Diameter of the inhibition zone around bacterial growth had a direct relationship with turpentine concentration (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: The nanocluster structure of turpentine and its composed elements were detected in this research. Moreover, antibacterial effects of turpentine were proved. Herbal substances are widely used in medical applications. Different elements of P. atlantica subsp. Kurdica turpentine can be used as antibacterial agents, but more in-vitro and in-vivo studies should be performed in this field.

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