A self-defensive antibacterial coating acting through the bacteria-triggered release of a hydrophobic antibiotic from layer-by-layer films

Background: Among the numerous bio-responsive polymeric drug delivery systems developed recently, redox-triggered release of molecular payloads have gained great deal of attention, especially in the field of anticancer drug delivery. In most cases, these systems rely on disulfide bonds located either in the matrix crosslinks, or in auxiliary chains to achieve stimuli-responsive drug release. These bonds keep their stability in extracellular environments, yet, rapidly break by thiol–disulfide exchange reactions in the cytosol, due to the presence of greater levels of glutathione. Polysaccharides are macromolecules with low cost, natural abundance, biocompatibility, biodegradability, appropriate physical and chemical properties, and presence of numerous functional groups which facilitate chemical or physical cross-linking. Methods: With regards to the remarkable advantages of polysaccharides, in the current study, various polysaccharide-based redox-responsive drug delivery systems are reviewed. In most cases the in vitro/in vivo effects of the developed system were also evaluated. Results: Considering the hypoxic and reducing nature of the tumor microenvironment, with several folds higher glutathione levels than the systemic tissues, redox-sensitive polymeric systems could be implemented for tumorspecific drug delivery and the results of the previous researches in this field indicated satisfactory achievements. Conclusion: According to the reviewed papers, the efficiency of diverse redox-responsive polysaccharide-based nanoparticles with therapeutic payloads in cancer chemotherapy could be concluded. Nevertheless, more comprehensive studies are required to understand the exact intracellular and systemic fate of these nano-carriers, as well as their clinical efficacy for cancer treatment.

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3D Printing Technology in Drug Delivery: Recent Progress and Application

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612825666181206123828 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (42) ◽

pp. 5039-5048 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Sabna Kotta ◽

Anroop Nair ◽

Nimer Alsabeelah

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

3D Printing ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Pharmaceutical Manufacturing ◽

Layer By Layer ◽

Printing Technology ◽

Drug Dosing ◽

3D Printing Technology ◽

3D Printed

Background: 3D printing technology is a new chapter in pharmaceutical manufacturing and has gained vast interest in the recent past as it offers significant advantages over traditional pharmaceutical processes. Advances in technologies can lead to the design of suitable 3D printing device capable of producing formulations with intended drug release. Methods: This review summarizes the applications of 3D printing technology in various drug delivery systems. The applications are well arranged in different sections like uses in personalized drug dosing, complex drugrelease profiles, personalized topical treatment devices, novel dosage forms and drug delivery devices and 3D printed polypills. Results: This niche technology seems to be a transformative tool with more flexibility in pharmaceutical manufacturing. Typically, 3D printing is a layer-by-layer process having the ability to fabricate 3D formulations by depositing the product components by digital control. This additive manufacturing process can provide tailored and individualized dosing for treatment of patients different backgrounds with varied customs and metabolism pattern. In addition, this printing technology has the capacity for dispensing low volumes with accuracy along with accurate spatial control for customized drug delivery. After the FDA approval of first 3D printed tablet Spritam, the 3D printing technology is extensively explored in the arena of drug delivery. Conclusion: There is enormous scope for this promising technology in designing various delivery systems and provides customized patient-compatible formulations with polypills. The future of this technology will rely on its prospective to provide 3D printing systems capable of manufacturing personalized doses. In nutshell, the 3D approach is likely to revolutionize drug delivery systems to a new level, though need time to evolve.

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Primary biocompatibility tests of poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-(poly-L-orithine/fucoidan) core–shell nanocarriers

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.180320 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (7) ◽

pp. 180320 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Duanhua Cai ◽

Jingqian Fan ◽

Shibin Wang ◽

Ruimin Long ◽

Xia Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Methylene Chloride ◽

Drug Carrier ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Core Shell ◽

Layer By Layer ◽

Shell Nanoparticles ◽

Uniform Size ◽

Covalent Bonds

Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly is the technology used in intermolecular static electricity, hydrogen bonds, covalent bonds and other polymer interactions during film assembling. This technology has been widely studied in the drug carrier field. Given their use in drug delivery systems, the biocompatibility of these potential compounds should be addressed. In this work, the primary biocompatibility of poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-(poly-L-orithine/fucoidan) [PLGA-(PLO/fucoidan)] core–shell nanoparticles (NPs) was investigated. Atomic force microscopy revealed the PLGA-(PLO/Fucoidan) 4 NPs to be spherical, with a uniform size distribution and a smooth surface, and the NPs were stable in physiological saline. The residual amount of methylene chloride was further determined by headspace gas chromatography, in which the organic solvent can be volatilized during preparation. Furthermore, cell viability, acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, haemolysis and mouse systemic toxicity were all assessed to show that PLGA-(PLO/fucoidan) 4 NPs were biocompatible with cells and mice. Therefore, these NPs are expected to have potential applications in future drug delivery systems.

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Enhanced cytoplasmic release of drug delivery systems: chloroquine as a multilayer and template constituent of layer-by-layer microcarriers

Journal of Materials Chemistry B ◽

10.1039/c8tb01202d ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (31) ◽

pp. 5153-5163 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mandy Brueckner ◽

Kira Scheffler ◽

Uta Reibetanz

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Layer By Layer

Nano- and microcarriers as vehicles for active agents are additionally equipped with specific agents to prevent endolysosomal acidification in order to support them to reach their target in a defined, specific, and protected way.

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Gold nanorods coated with a thermo-responsive poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) corona as drug delivery systems for remotely near infrared-triggered release

Polymer Chemistry ◽

10.1039/c3py01057k ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 799-813 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Ji Liu ◽

Christophe Detrembleur ◽

Marie-Claire De Pauw-Gillet ◽

Stéphane Mornet ◽

Etienne Duguet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Ethylene Glycol ◽

Gold Nanorods ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽

Triggered Release ◽

Poly Ethylene

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Multifunctional Dendritic Drug Delivery Systems: Design, Synthesis, Controlled and Triggered Release

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/156802608785848996 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 8 (14) ◽

pp. 1204-1224 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Constantinos Paleos ◽

Dimitris Tsiourvas ◽

Zili Sideratou ◽

Leto Tziveleka

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Systems Design ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Triggered Release ◽

Design Synthesis

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Stimuli-responsive polymers as smart drug delivery systems: Classifications based on carrier type and triggered-release mechanism

Stimuli Responsive Polymeric Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery Applications, Volume 1 ◽

10.1016/b978-0-08-101997-9.00002-3 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 43-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Sunaina Indermun ◽

Mershen Govender ◽

Pradeep Kumar ◽

Yahya E. Choonara ◽

Viness Pillay

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Release Mechanism ◽

Stimuli Responsive ◽

Triggered Release ◽

Stimuli Responsive Polymers ◽

Responsive Polymers ◽

Smart Drug ◽

Smart Drug Delivery

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Polyelectrolyte-Coated Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses via Layer-by-Layer Deposition for Sustained Co-Delivery of Therapeutic Ions and Drugs

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13111952 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 1952

Author(s):

Carlotta Pontremoli ◽

Mattia Pagani ◽

Lorenza Maddalena ◽

Federico Carosio ◽

Chiara Vitale-Brovarone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Copper Ions ◽

Release Kinetics ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Burst Release ◽

Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽

Layer By Layer ◽

Bioactive Glasses ◽

Polyelectrolyte Layer

In the field of bone regeneration, considerable attention has been addressed towards the use of mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs), as multifunctional therapeutic platforms for advanced medical devices. In fact, their extremely high exposed surface area and pore volume allow to load and the release of several drugs, while their framework can be enriched with specific therapeutic ions allowing to boost the tissue regeneration. However, due to the open and easily accessible mesopore structure of MBG, the release of the incorporated therapeutic molecules shows an initial burst effect leading to unsuitable release kinetics. Hence, a still open challenge in the design of drug delivery systems based on MBGs is the control of their release behavior. In this work, Layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition of polyelectrolyte multi-layers was exploited as a powerful and versatile technique for coating the surface of Cu-substituted MBG nanoparticles with innovative multifunctional drug delivery systems for co-releasing of therapeutic copper ions (exerting pro-angiogenic and anti-bacterial effects) and an anti-inflammatory drug (ibuprofen). Two different routes were investigated: in the first strategy, chitosan and alginate were assembled by forming the multi-layered surface, and, successively, ibuprofen was loaded by incipient wetness impregnation, while in the second approach, alginate was replaced by ibuprofen, introduced as polyelectrolyte layer. Zeta-potential, TGA and FT-IR spectroscopy were measured after the addition of each polyelectrolyte layer, confirming the occurrence of the stepwise deposition. In addition, the in vitro bioactivity and the ability to modulate the release of the cargo were evaluated. The polyelectrolyte coated-MBGs were proved to retain the peculiar ability to induce hydroxyapatite formation after 7 days of soaking in Simulated Body Fluid. Both copper ions and ibuprofen were co-released over time, showing a sustained release profile up to 14 days and 24 h, respectively, with a significantly lower burst release compared to the bare MBG particles.

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