A solar ultraviolet sensor based on fluorescent polyoxometalate and viologen

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (36) ◽  
pp. 9383-9388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Liu ◽  
Yang Lv ◽  
Si Li ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Sheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Film ◽  
Air Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet ◽  
Ultraviolet Sensor

A novel solar ultraviolet sensitive composite film, which can be coloured and bleached by photoreduction and air oxidation processes, has been readily prepared using fluorescent polyoxometalate and viologen.

Phenol wastewater remediation: advanced oxidation processes coupled to a biological treatment

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rubalcaba ◽  
M.E. Suárez-Ojeda ◽  
F. Stüber ◽  
A. Fortuny ◽  
C. Bengoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Coupled Processes ◽  
Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation ◽  
Air Oxidation ◽  
Wet Air Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Processes

Nowadays, there are increasingly stringent regulations requiring more and more treatment of industrial effluents to generate product waters which could be easily reused or disposed of to the environment without any harmful effects. Therefore, different advanced oxidation processes were investigated as suitable precursors for the biological treatment of industrial effluents containing phenol. Wet air oxidation and Fenton process were tested batch wise, while catalytic wet air oxidation and H2O2-promoted catalytic wet air oxidation processes were studied in a trickle bed reactor, the last two using over activated carbon as catalyst. Effluent characterisation was made by means of substrate conversion (using high liquid performance chromatography), chemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon. Biodegradation parameters (i.e. maximum oxygen uptake rate and oxygen consumption) were obtained from respirometric tests using activated sludge from an urban biological wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The main goal was to find the proper conditions in terms of biodegradability enhancement, so that these phenolic effluents could be successfully treated in an urban biological WWTP. Results show promising research ways for the development of efficient coupled processes for the treatment of wastewater containing toxic or biologically non-degradable compounds.

Degradation of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) in wastewater by advanced oxidation processes

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihua Sun ◽  
Lujun Chen ◽  
Jianlong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Air Oxidation ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Persulfate Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Biological Methods

AbstractAdvanced oxidation processes (AOPs) constitute a promising technology to treat wastewater containing organic pollutants that are not easily biodegradable. They have received increasing attention in the research and development of wastewater treatment technologies in recent decades for their removal or degradation of recalcitrant pollutants or as pretreatments to convert pollutants into smaller compounds, which can be treated using conventional biological methods. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a typical refractory organic pollutant. It has received special attention due to its low biodegradability and the large amount of PVA-containing wastewater discharged from textile and paper mills. This review focuses on PVA removal and PVA wastewater pretreatment by AOPs, which include ozonation, Fenton oxidation, persulfate oxidation, ultrasound cavitation, ionizing radiation, photocatalytic oxidation, wet air oxidation and electrochemical oxidation. The mechanistic degradation pathways of PVA by AOPs are also discussed. In addition, a new classification of AOPs is applied for PVA treatment.

Unexpected toxicity to aquatic organisms of some aqueous bisphenol A samples treated by advanced oxidation processes

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Tišler ◽  
Boštjan Erjavec ◽  
Renata Kaplan ◽  
Marin Şenilă ◽  
Albin Pintar
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Aqueous Samples ◽  
Air Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

Abstract In this study, photocatalytic and catalytic wet-air oxidation (CWAO) processes were used to examine removal efficiency of bisphenol A from aqueous samples over several titanate nanotube-based catalysts. Unexpected toxicity of bisphenol A (BPA) samples treated by means of the CWAO process to some tested species was determined. In addition, the CWAO effluent was recycled five- or 10-fold in order to increase the number of interactions between the liquid phase and catalyst. Consequently, the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis indicated higher concentrations of some toxic metals like chromium, nickel, molybdenum, silver, and zinc in the recycled samples in comparison to both the single-pass sample and the photocatalytically treated solution. The highest toxicity of five- and 10-fold recycled solutions in the CWAO process was observed in water fleas, which could be correlated to high concentrations of chromium, nickel, and silver detected in tested samples. The obtained results clearly demonstrated that aqueous samples treated by means of advanced oxidation processes should always be analyzed using (i) chemical analyses to assess removal of BPA and total organic carbon from treated aqueous samples, as well as (ii) a battery of aquatic organisms from different taxonomic groups to determine possible toxicity.

scholarly journals A Review on Advanced Oxidation Processes for Effective Water Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirmalendu Mishra ◽  
Rajesh Reddy ◽  
Aneek Kuila ◽  
Ankita Rani ◽  
Ahmad Nawaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Emerging Pollutants ◽  
Air Oxidation ◽  
Wet Air Oxidation ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Effective Water

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) such as fenton, ozonation, sonolysis, photocatalysis, UV photolysis, and wet air oxidation are one amongst the most suitable techniques for water and wastewater treatment. These, AOPs have also been chosen for the complete degradation of various categories of emerging pollutants that could not be managed by any conventional technologies. The mineralization is achieved by chemical reactions between the various reacting species generated and the pollutants. The present article provides a vivid view of the mechanistic features of various AOPs and its possible synergisation for process enhancement to achieve better treatment efficiency.

Catalytic wet-air oxidation processes: A review

2007 ◽  
Vol 124 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 172-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janez Levec ◽  
Albin Pintar
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation ◽  
Air Oxidation ◽  
Wet Air Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Processes

Sludge thermal oxidation processes: mineral recycling, energy impact, and greenhouse effect gases release

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Guibelin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Oxidation ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Thermal Processes ◽  
Air Oxidation ◽  
Wet Air Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Energy Impact ◽  
Sludge Digestion ◽  
Final Treatment ◽  
Agricultural Use

Different treatment routes have been studied for a mixed sludge: the conventional agricultural use is compared with the thermal oxidation processes, including incineration (in gaseous phase) and wet air oxidation (in liquid phase). The interest of a sludge digestion prior to the final treatment has been also considered according to the two major criteria, which are the fossil energy utilisation and the greenhouse effect gases (CO2, CH4, N2O) release. Thermal energy has to be recovered on thermal processes to make these processes environmentally friendly, otherwise their main interest is to extract or destroy micropollutants and pathogens from the carbon cycle. In case of continuous energy recovery, incineration can produce more energy than it consumes. Digestion is especially interesting for agriculture: according to these two schemes, the energy final balance can also be in excess. As to wet air oxidation, it is probably one of the best ways to minimize greenhouse effect gases emission.

Study on wet air oxidation of aqueous ferrous cyanide solution catalyzed by three metal salts

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.-N. Lee ◽  
J.-C. Lou
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Slow Step ◽  
Wet Oxidation ◽  
Catalytic Wet Oxidation ◽  
Air Oxidation ◽  
Wet Air Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Catalyzed Oxidation

The catalytic wet oxidation (CWO) process with Cu2+, Mn2+, and Ce2+ as catalysts, respectively, was applied to investigate the degradation of ferrocyanide (Fe(CN)64-) solution. For the conversions of Fe(CN)-64- during the noncatalytic wet oxidation (WO) process up to 99.9% was attained after a reaction time of 70 min. The COD removal efficiency was observed as only 38% in a noncatalytic oxidation; however, it could be enhanced to 75%, 61%, and 50% in the presence of Cu2+, Mn2+, and Ce2+, respectively. Both noncatalytic and catalytic wet oxidation processes of Fe(CN)-64- solution were considered to be a two-step reaction at pH 9.0 and temperatures of 433-473 K. The oxidation rate was initially fast, followed by a slow step, which did obey first-order kinetics with respect to chemical oxygen demand (COD). Both the 2+ and Ce2+ catalyzed oxidation showed a significant effect on the reduction of activation energy during the first reaction of the WO runs.

The Effect of Fabrication Method of Cobalt Base Clad Layer on Air Oxidation

2010 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 169-172
Author(s):  
Hanna Smolenska
Keyword(s):  
Fabrication Method ◽  
Air Oxidation ◽  
Internal Corrosion ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Similar Tendency ◽  
Oxidation Experiment ◽  
Plasma Transferred Arc ◽  
Clad Layer ◽  
Transferred Arc ◽  
Cobalt Base

The paper presents oxidation experiment with clad layers made of the cobalt base powder and prepared by the multi overlapped tracks and sublayers fabricated by means of plasma transferred arc (PTA) and laser cladding technologies. The oxidation processes were carried on at 1100 deg. C for 200 hours. In the course of investigation it was demonstrated that there were no evidence of influence of the fabrication method on the corrosion resistance of cobalt clad layers. The phase compositions of the scale were the same – generally Cr2O3 and similar tendency for cracking and spalling. In both cases changes in the layer under the scale also exhibited similar tendency – decomposition of the carbides from the interdendritic regions and severe internal corrosion along the dendrite boundaries.

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