Renewable Green hydrogen energy impact on sustainability performance

In today's world, the major source of energy is fossil fuels, which are nonrenewable and cannot be used once exhausted. At the start of the twenty-first century, main challenges with current energy infrastructure throughout the world were a finite supply of fossil fuels, ever-increasing energy use, and the growing environmental impact of greenhouse gas emissions. Fossil fuel energy is economical due to existing infrastructure, but it has significant downsides and has a severe impact on the environment. As a result, renewable energy sources are being investigated as potential contenders to supply the bulk of energy demands. Hydrogen is the least harmful to the environment of these fuels. Hydrogen is a clean, long-lasting fuel with the potential that is the source of future global energy. It may potentially be used to replace current fossil-fuel-based energy infrastructure. This is seen as a solution to the above-mentioned challenges, such as global warming and environmental degradation. It is impossible to overestimate the relevance of environmental and economic factors in the development of hydrogen infrastructure. This article discusses the many aspects of hydrogen, including as manufacturing, storage, and applications, with a focus on the environment and the economy.

Effectiveness of Banana Trunk as Protection Wall from High Velocity Shrapnel During Detonation of Unexploded Ordnance (UXO)

This paper is to investigate banana trunk fibre to be constructed alternatively for the sand bag and high energy absorption. The aim of this study also for enhancing method of absorption velocity shrapnel during detonated of Unexploded Ordnance (UXO), Explosive Remnants of War (ERW) and Improvise Explosive Device (IED). The study involved blast test which is providing high energy impact based on the amount of explosive used. Type of explosive were used are Emulex 180 with velocity of detonation 4500m/s to 5700m/s, Explosive energy 4.17 MJ/kg, density 1.13g/cc to 1.21g/cc and initiation were used are No. 8 Detonator. The structure of specimen is analysed using Stereo Microscope Image Analyser (35x zoom) which is an optical instrument that can observe the structure of the fragments (banana fibre) after blast test. Results shows that banana trunk can become a protection wall as it can absorb the impact of blast from explosion.

Determination of Solar Energy Impact on the Energy Sector Based on CorrelationRegression Analysis

The purpose of this research is to determine the correlations between the capacity of the solar power station, the energy generated by it, and the investment made for the installation of the station based on the correlationregression analysis. Within the framework of the research: these are the basic financial ratios calculated, the knowledge, which is necessary to determine the profitability of the project (NPV, IRR, Payback Period PI). Furthermore, the paper, based on certain assumptions, shows how the increase in investments in renewable energy (solar) sources could affect the energy sector.

Development of technology for the production of a lightweight observation and protective container (LOOK) made of nanostructured ultra-strength steels

The article contains results of research and analyses concerning application of nanostructured bainitic steel in the form of plates for manufacturing of armour components. The presented results of examination of microstructure and properties include a wide range of laboratory experiments and industrial tests, which resulted in the achievement of the assumed functional properties. In the period of 2017-2021, a scientific and industrial consortium consisting of Łukasiewicz – Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy (leader); WITPiS, Tarnów Mechanical Works, Alchemia and Heatmasters Poland carried out a project funded by the POIR 04.01.04 programme aimed to develop the design and to manufacture an observation and protective container with a specified resistance to penetration by armour-piercing projectiles and with a lower mass of steel armouring in relation to that currently produced. The aim of the project was achieved by using armour plates made of nanostructured bainitic steel (nanobainitic), which are characterised by high resistance to high-energy impact concentrated in a small area. The technological tests carried out in the project mainly concerned the development of a new container and industrial technology of armour plates production and their application in the armour of this container. Based on the results of investigation of the semi-industrial scale material, the optimum chemical composition for industrial scale melting and casting was determined. An industrial technology for the production of plates of nano-structured bainitic steel was developed, which includes the following processes: smelting and casting, preliminary heat treatment and ingot hot processing, as well as hot rolling, final heat treatment, and surface treatment. A test batch of the material in the form of 1500×2470 mm armoured plates was fabricated under industrial conditions. The final result of the project is a container armoured with bainitic nanostructured steel plates with implementation documentation and a technology for producing armoured plates from this steel under the technical and technological conditions of domestic steel manufacturers.

Architectural Sustainability on the Impacts of Different Air-Conditioning Operational Profiles and Temperature Setpoints on Energy Consumption: Comparison between Mosques with and Without HVLS Fan in the City Center Mosques

The use of air-conditioning (AC) in conjunction with high-volume, low-speed (HVLS) fan has become a trend in retrofitted mosque buildings in Malaysia to improve thermal comfort conditions. However, the energy impact of operating AC and HVLS fan simultaneously is unknown. This study compares the annual energy consumptions between mosques with and without HVLS fan installed and investigates the optimum temperature setpoints and operational profile to improve the mosques' energy efficiency. The comparison using the Building Energy Index (BEI) did not clearly show the superiority between the two groups in terms of energy performance. The study found that both studied mosques could produce around 1-4.9% energy reduction when the AC temperature setpoint was increased by 1˚C and could result in the highest cost-saving of about 4.9% when the temperature was set at 27˚C. A 30-minute AC operation during each daily prayer, except Subuh, could save between 14.8-16.7% annual energy consumption and about 15.15-16.6% annual energy cost. The paper concludes that the selection of 24-27˚C temperature setpoints with a 30-minute AC operational profile during prayers time with consideration Friday prayers and Ramadhan activities produced 18.4-20.6% savings in energy cost. This study calls for reevaluations of AC temperature setpoints configuration standards and operational characteristics in mosque buildings to reduce the buildings' energy consumption. This paper contributes to the development of future energy standards for mosque designs and operations in Malaysia.