scholarly journals Recent progress of electrowetting for droplet manipulation: from wetting to superwetting systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peicheng Teng ◽  
Dongliang Tian ◽  
Haiyan Fu ◽  
Shutao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Fluid System ◽  
Functional Applications ◽  
Gas Phases ◽  
Fluid Systems ◽  
Basic Fluid ◽  
Droplet Manipulation ◽  
Solid Liquid

EWOD was investigated from wetting to superwetting with six basic fluid systems. Each fluid system has developed special technologies for functional applications owing to the different interactions among solid, liquid and gas phases.

Numerical Modeling of Microporosity Formation in Aluminum-Rich Aluminum-Copper Alloys in Microgravity Conditions

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Xiong ◽  
A. V. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Gas Phases ◽  
Alloy Casting ◽  
Cu Alloy ◽  
Aluminum Copper Alloys ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Microgravity Conditions ◽  
Parametric Analyses ◽  
Solid Liquid

Abstract The microporosity formation in a vertical unidirectionally solidifying Al-4.1%Cu alloy casting is modeled in both microgravity and standard gravity as well as in the conditions of decreased (Moon, Mars) and increased (Jupiter) gravity. Due to the unique opportunities offered by a low-gravity environment (absence of metallostatic pressure and of natural convection in the solidifying alloy) future microgravity experiments will significantly contribute to attaining a better physical understanding of the mechanisms of microporosity formation. One of the aims of the present theoretical investigation is to predict what microporosity patterns will look like in microgravity in order to help plan a future microgravity experiment. To perform these simulations, the authors suggest a novel three-phase model of solidification that accounts for the solid, liquid, and gas phases in the mushy zone. This model accounts for heat transfer, fluid flow, macrosegregation, and microporosity formation in the solidifying alloy. Special attention is given to the investigation of the influence of microporosity formation on the inverse segregation. Parametric analyses for different initial hydrogen concentrations and different gravity conditions are carried out.

scholarly journals Diagenetic Pore Fluid Evolution and Dolomitization of the Silurian and Devonian Carbonates, Huron Domain of Southwestern Ontario: Petrographic, Geochemical and Fluid Inclusion Evidence

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Tortola ◽  
Ihsan S. Al-Aasm ◽  
Richard Crowe
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Inclusion ◽  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Fluid System ◽  
Negative Shift ◽  
Fluid Systems ◽  
Saddle Dolomite ◽  
Deep Boreholes ◽  
Diagenetic Fluid

Core samples from two deep boreholes were analyzed for petrographic, stable and Sr isotopes, fluid inclusion microthermometry and major, minor, trace and rare-earth elements (REE) of different types of dolomite in the Silurian and Devonian carbonates of the eastern side of the Michigan Basin provided useful insights into the nature of dolomitization, and the evolution of diagenetic pore fluids in this part of the basin. Petrographic features show that both age groups are characterized by the presence of a pervasive replacive fine-crystalline (<50 µm) dolomite matrix (RD1) and pervasive and selective replacive medium crystalline (>50–100 µm) dolomite matrix (RD2 and RD3, respectively). In addition to these types, a coarse crystalline (>500 µm) saddle dolomite cement (SD) filling fractures and vugs is observed only in the Silurian rocks. Results from geochemical and fluid inclusion analyses indicate that the diagenesis of Silurian and Devonian formations show variations in terms of the evolution of the diagenetic fluid composition. These fluid systems are: (1) a diagenetic fluid system that affected Silurian carbonates and was altered by salt dissolution post-Silurian time. These carbonates show a negative shift in δ18O values (dolomite δ18O average: −6.72‰ VPDB), Sr isotopic composition slightly more radiogenic than coeval seawater (0.7078–0.7087), high temperatures (RD2 and SD dolomite Th average: 110 °C) and hypersaline signature (RD2 and SD dolomite average salinity: 26.8 wt.% NaCl eq.); and (2) a diagenetic fluid system that affected Devonian carbonates, possibly occurred during the Alleghenian orogeny in Carboniferous time and characterized by a less pronounced negative shift in δ18O values (dolomite δ18O average: −5.74‰ VPDB), Sr isotopic composition in range with the postulated values for coeval seawater (0.7078–0.7080), lower temperatures (RD2 dolomite Th average: 83 °C) and less saline signature (RD2 dolomite average salinity: 20.8 wt.% NaCl eq.).

Recent progress in controlled nano/micro cracking as an alternative nano-patterning method for functional applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 1036-1049
Author(s):  
Jinwook Jung ◽  
Kyun Kyu Kim ◽  
Young. D. Suh ◽  
Sukjoon Hong ◽  
Junyeob Yeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Transparent Conductors ◽  
Functional Applications ◽  
Nano Patterning

Various cracking methods and its applications for transparent conductors, sensors, and microfluidics.

Generalized Young Equation for Cylindrical Droplets within a Homogeneous and Smooth Regular Triangular Prism Filled with Gas in Three Convex Corners

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Long Zhou ◽  
Guang-Hua Sun ◽  
Ai-Jun Hu ◽  
Xiao-Song Wang
Keyword(s):  
Line Tension ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Triangular Prism ◽  
Gas Phases ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Dividing Surface ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Wetting Behaviors ◽  
Young Equation ◽  
Dividing Line

<p class="1Body">Based on the approaches of Gibbs’s dividing surface and Rusanov’s dividing line, the wetting behaviors of cylindrical droplets that at equilibrium are sitting inside a homogeneous and smooth regular triangular prism filled with gas in three convex corners are studied. For the three-phase system, which is composed of solid, liquid and gas phases, a generalized Young equation for cylindrical drops in a homogeneous and smooth regular triangular prism imbued with gas within three apex corners has been successfully derived including the effects of the line tension.</p>

Macroscopic two-dimensional monolayer films of gold nanoparticles: fabrication strategies, surface engineering and functional applications

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 7433-7460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Song ◽  
Youju Huang ◽  
Zhihong Nie ◽  
Tao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Monolayer Films ◽  
Functional Applications

The recent progress of 2D monolayer films of gold nanoparticles in constructing approaches, surface engineering strategies and functional applications is summarized.

scholarly journals Size Characterization of Glutathione-Protected Gold Nanoclusters in the Solid, Liquid and Gas Phases

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (49) ◽  
pp. 27733-27740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonin Soleilhac ◽  
Franck Bertorelle ◽  
Clothilde Comby-Zerbino ◽  
Fabien Chirot ◽  
Nathalie Calin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoclusters ◽  
Gas Phases ◽  
Size Characterization ◽  
Solid Liquid

scholarly journals Spaceflight-Induced Intracranial Hypertension and Visual Impairment: Pathophysiology and Countermeasures

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Fan Zhang ◽  
Alan R. Hargens
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Elevated Pressure ◽  
Lamina Cribrosa ◽  
Fluid System ◽  
Fluid Systems ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Multiple Structures ◽  
Intracranial Circulation

Visual impairment intracranial pressure (VIIP) syndrome is considered an unexplained major risk for future long-duration spaceflight. NASA recently redefined this syndrome as Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS). Evidence thus reviewed supports that chronic, mildly elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) in space (as opposed to more variable ICP with posture and activity on Earth) is largely accounted for by loss of hydrostatic pressures and altered hemodynamics in the intracranial circulation and the cerebrospinal fluid system. In space, an elevated pressure gradient across the lamina cribrosa, caused by a chronic but mildly elevated ICP, likely elicits adaptations of multiple structures and fluid systems in the eye which manifest themselves as the VIIP syndrome. A chronic mismatch between ICP and intraocular pressure (IOP) in space may acclimate the optic nerve head, lamina cribrosa, and optic nerve subarachnoid space to a condition that is maladaptive to Earth, all contributing to the pathogenesis of space VIIP syndrome. Relevant findings help to evaluate whether artificial gravity is an appropriate countermeasure to prevent this seemingly adverse effect of long-duration spaceflight.

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