scholarly journals The amino acid sequence of cytochrome c from Spinacea oleracea L. (spinach)

1973 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Brown ◽  
M. Richardson ◽  
R. Scogin ◽  
D. Boulter

The amino acid sequence of spinach (Spinacea oleracea L., var. Monster Viroflay) cytochrome c was determined on 1μmol of protein. The molecule consists of 111 residues and is homologous with other mitochondrial cytochromes c. Experimental details are given in a supplementary paper that has been deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50013, at the National Lending Library for Science and Technology, Boston Spa, Yorks. LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies can be obtained on the terms indicated in Biochem. J. (1973), 131, 5.

1971 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 779-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Thompson ◽  
M. Richardson ◽  
D. Boulter

The amino acid sequence of pumpkin cytochrome c was determined on 2μmol of protein. Some evidence was found for the occurrence of two forms of cytochrome c, whose sequences differed in three positions. Pumpkin cytochrome c consists of 111 residues and is homologous with mitochondrial cytochromes c from other plants. Experimental details are given in a supplementary paper that has been deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50005 at the National Lending Library for Science and Technology, Boston Spa, Yorks. LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies can be obtained on the terms indicated in Biochem. J. (1971), 121, 7.


1971 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 783-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Thompson ◽  
M. Richardson ◽  
D. Boulter

The amino acid sequences of buckwheat and cauliflower cytochromes c were determined on 1½μmol and 1μmol of protein respectively. The molecules consist of 111 residues and are homologous with other plant mitochondrial cytochromes c. Experimental details are given in a supplementary paper that has been deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50005 at the National Lending Library for Science and Technology, Boston Spa, Yorks. LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies can be obtained on the terms indicated in Biochem. J. (1971), 121, 7.


1973 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Brown ◽  
D. Boulter

The amino acid sequence of cytochrome c from Nigella damascena L. was determined on 0.2μmol of protein. Peptides from a single chymotryptic digest were analysed by the dansyl–Edman procedure. These peptides were ordered by reference to the sequences of other plant cytochromes c, assuming that the Nigella cytochrome is homologous with the other cytochromes. Many of the Nigella peptides were one or two residues short when compared with the corresponding chymotryptic peptides from other plant cytochromes c. These residues are assumed to have been removed by an endogenous carboxypeptidase, and the identification and placing of these residues is entirely based on homology. These residues are numbered 3, 18, 42, 43, 44, 54, 67, 72, 73, 82 and 105. A number of other positions are almost entirely placed by homology. These are positions which could not be placed definitely by dansyl–Edman analysis or by dansylation after digestion with carboxypeptidase A, and are numbered 14, 15, 16, 39, 40, 85, 86, 87 and 88. Except for residue 15, all residues based entirely, or nearly so, on homology have been previously found invariant in sequences of plant cytochromes c. Experimental details are given in a supplementary paper that has been deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50017, at the National Lending Library for Science and Technology, Boston Spa, Yorks. LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies can be obtained on the terms indicated in Biochem. J. (1973) 131, 5.


1971 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 787-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Thompson ◽  
B. A. Notton ◽  
M. Richardson ◽  
D. Boulter

The amino acid sequences of Abutilon and Gossypium cytochromes c were determined on 1μmol of protein. The molecules consist of 111 residues and are homologous with other mitochondrial plant cytochromes c. Experimental details are given in a supplementary paper that has been deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50005 at the National Lending Library for Science and Technology, Boston Spa, Yorks. LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies can be obtained on the terms indicated in Biochem. J. (1971), 121, 7.


1973 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Brown ◽  
D. Boulter

The amino acid sequence of leek cytochrome c was determined with 0.4μmol of protein. The sequence was deduced solely from a chymotryptic digest. The cytochrome was homologous with other plant cytochromes c of mitochondrial origin. Leek cytochrome c has an N-acetylated ‘tail’ as compared with mammalian cytochrome c, and two residues of ε-N-trimethyl-lysine. Unlike other plant cytochromes c, leek cytochrome c has glutamic acid or glutamine in position 11, leucine in position 20 and alanine in position 51. 4-Hydroxyproline partially substitutes for proline in position 79. Experimental details are given in a supplementary paper that has been deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50012, at the National Lending Library for Science and Technology, Boston Spa, Yorks. LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies can be obtained on the terms indicated in Biochem. J. (1973) 131, 5.


1972 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 971-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Brown ◽  
M. Richardson ◽  
D. Boulter ◽  
J. A. M. Ramshaw ◽  
R. P. S. Jefferies

The amino acid sequence of a snail cytochrome c has been determined. The molecule consists of a single polypeptide chain of 104 residues, and is homologous with other mitochondrial cytochromes c. Unlike the cytochromes c from vertebrates, there is no acetyl blocking group at the N-terminus. A change in an otherwise invariant position has been observed in position 87. Comparison with amino acid sequences of cytochromes c from other sources indicates that the point of divergence of the molluscs and the vertebrates in evolutionary time was 720 million years ago. Experimental details are given in a supplementary paper that has been deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50009 at the National Lending Library for Science and Technology, Boston Spa, Yorks. LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies can be obtained on the terms indicated in Biochem. J. (1972), 126, 5.


1973 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Ambler ◽  
Margaret Wynn

The amino acid sequences of the cytochromes c-551 from three species of Pseudomonas have been determined. Each resembles the protein from Pseudomonas strain P6009 (now known to be Pseudomonas aeruginosa, not Pseudomonas fluorescens) in containing 82 amino acids in a single peptide chain, with a haem group covalently attached to cysteine residues 12 and 15. In all four sequences 43 residues are identical. Although by bacteriological criteria the organisms are closely related, the differences between pairs of sequences range from 22% to 39%. These values should be compared with the differences in the sequence of mitochondrial cytochrome c between mammals and amphibians (about 18%) or between mammals and insects (about 33%). Detailed evidence for the amino acid sequences of the proteins has been deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50015 at the National Lending Library for Science and Technology, Boston Spa, Yorks. LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies can be obtained on the terms indicated in Biochem. J. (1973), 131, 5.


1977 ◽  
Vol 163 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Lyddiatt ◽  
D Boulter

The amino acid sequence of locust cytochrome c was determined, although the overlap between chymotryptic and tryptic peptides at residues tyrosine-97 and leucine-98 was not observed, owing to an anomalous tryptic break duplicating the chymotryptic digestion. The molecule consists of a single polypeptide chain of 107 residues, homologous with other mitochondrial cytochromes c. In common with other known insect cytochromes c, it possesses a non-acetylated, four-residue tail at the N-terminus relative to glycine-1 of the standard alignment. A molecular phylogeny for 17 species was constructed relating the cytochrome c molecules of Schistocerca gregaria and other invertebrates with those of representative taxonomic groups. Experimental details are given in a supplementary paper deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50077 (24 pages) at the British Library Lending Division, Boston Spa, Wetherby, West Yorkshire LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies can obtained on the terms indicated in Biochem. J. (1977) 161, 1.


1975 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sato ◽  
T Uchida

1. RNAase (ribonuclease) U2, a purine-specific RNAase, was reduced, aminoethylated and hydrolysed with trypsin, chymotrypsin and thermolysin. On the basis of the analyses of the resulting peptides, the complete amino acid sequence of RNAase U2 was determined, 2. When the sequence was compared with the amino acid sequence of RNAase T1 (EC 3.1.4.8), the following regions were found to be similar in the two enzymes; Tyr-Pro-His-Gln-Tyr (38-42) in RNAase U2 and Tyr-Pro-His-Lys-Tyr (38-42) in RNAase T1, Glu-Phe-Pro-Leu-Val (61-65) in RNAase U2 and Glu-Trp-Pro-Ile-Leu (58-62) in RNAase T1, Asp-Arg-Val-Ile-Tyr-Gln (83-88) in RNAase U2 and Asp-Arg-Val-Phe-Asn (76-81) in RNAase T1 and Val-Thr-His-Thr-Gly-Ala (98-103) in RNAase U2 and Ile-Thr-His-Thr-Gly-Ala (90-95) in RNAase T1. All of the amino acid residues, histidine-40, glutamate-58, arginine-77 and histidine-92, which were found to play a crucial role in the biological activity of RNAase T1, were included in the regions cited here. 3. Detailed evidence for the amino acid sequence of the sequence of the proteins has been deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50041 (33 PAGES) AT THE British Library (Lending Division)(formerly the National Lending Library for Science and Technology), Boston Spa, Yorks. LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies can be obtained on the terms indicated in Biochem. J. (1975), 145, 5.


1970 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Thompson ◽  
M. V. Laycock ◽  
J. A. M. Ramshaw ◽  
D. Boulter

The amino acid sequence of Phaseolus aureus L. (mung-bean) cytochrome c has been determined. The molecule consists of a single polypeptide chain of 111 amino acid residues and is homologous with other mitochondrial cytochromes c. Comparison with the amino acid sequence of wheat-germ cytochrome c (Stevens, Glazer & Smith, 1967) shows 14 differences. On alignment with mammalian cytochromes c, mung-bean cytochrome c has an N-acetylated ‘tail’ of eight amino acid residues similar to that found in wheat-germ cytochrome c. Of the 22 positions in wheat-germ cytochrome c that contain amino acid residues unique to these positions, 20 were found to contain the same ones in mung-bean cytochrome c. The ∈-N-trimethyl-lysine residues reported for wheat-germ cytochrome c (Delange, Glazer & Smith, 1969) in positions 72 and 86 were also found in these positions in mung-bean cytochrome c. The sequence was determined from 3μmol, by using chymotryptic and tryptic peptides which were analysed by the ‘dansyl’–Edman method (Gray & Hartley, 1963a), with confirmation by amino acid analysis.


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