The potential of molecular markers to improve interventions through the natural history of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma

EC (oesophageal cancer) is one of the ten most frequent and fatal tumours worldwide and ESCC (oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma) accounts for about 80% of the cases. The first symptoms of ESCC arise late during the progression of the disease and, therefore, the diagnosis is usually done in advanced stages. This leads to an inefficient treatment and consequently to a poor prognosis. Thus, a comprehensive knowledge of ESCC biology is of major importance to identify risk factors, especially in high-incidence areas and biomarkers which could enable ESCC prevention and interventions throughout the natural history of the disease. In this review, we present the current knowledge regarding ESCC aetiology as well as the different genetic and epigenetic alterations already described in this tumour. We also discuss how these alterations could be used to anticipate ESCC diagnosis as well as how they can help improving treatment. A molecular natural history of the disease is proposed pointing out potential markers that may improve interventions at different points of ESCC development. Only when the different layers of complexity behind this tumour are elucidated, it will be possible to successfully perform prevention at different levels.

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The natural history of untreated squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: how we do it

Clinical Otolaryngology ◽

10.1111/j.1749-4486.2011.02325.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 384-388 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

J.-P. Jeannon ◽

E. Ofu ◽

A. Balfour ◽

J. Bowman ◽

R. Simo

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Natural History ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

History Of

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Risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its histological precursor lesions in China: a multicenter cross-sectional study

BMC Cancer ◽

10.1186/s12885-021-08764-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chen Niu ◽

Yong Liu ◽

Jialin Wang ◽

Yuqin Liu ◽

Shaokai Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽

Precursor Lesions ◽

Unconditional Logistic Regression ◽

High Incidence ◽

History Of

Abstract Background Despite research efforts, the causative factors that contribute to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in high-risk areas have not yet been understood. In this study, we, therefore, aimed to describe the risk factors associated with ESCC and its precursor lesions. Methods We performed an endoscopic examination of 44,857 individuals aged 40–69 years from five high incidence regions of China in 2017–2018. Participants were classified as 4 groups of normal control, esophagitis, low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia/esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (HGIN/ESCC) using an unconditional logistic regression determine risk factors. Results We identified 4890 esophagitis, 1874 LGIN and 437 HGIN/ESCC cases. Crude odds ratios (ORs) and adjusted odds ratios were calculated using unconditional logistic regression. Drinking well and surface water, salty diet, and positive family history of cancer were the common risk factors for esophagitis, LGIN and HGIN/ESCC. History of chronic hepatitis/cirrhosis was the greatest risk factor of esophagitis (adjusted OR 2.96, 95%CI 2.52–3.47) and HGIN/ESCC (adjusted OR 1.91, 95%CI 1.03–3.22). Pesticide exposure (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.37) was essential risk factor of LGIN. Conclusions Among individuals aged 40–69 years in high incidence regions of upper gastrointestinal cancer, the results provided important epidemiological evidence for the prevention of different precancerous lesions of ESCC.

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Epidemiology and natural history of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa patients: 20 years’ experience of a reference centre in Spain

Clinical & Translational Oncology ◽

10.1007/s12094-019-02073-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (11) ◽

pp. 1573-1577 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B. Castelo ◽

D. Viñal ◽

R. Maseda ◽

L. Ostios ◽

D. Sánchez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Natural History ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Epidermolysis Bullosa ◽

Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa ◽

Reference Centre ◽

History Of ◽

Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa

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The Natural History of Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Hypopharynx

The Laryngoscope ◽

10.1097/mlg.0b013e318173dc4a ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 118 (8) ◽

pp. 1362-1371 ◽

Cited By ~ 88

Author(s):

Stephen F. Hall ◽

Patti A. Groome ◽

Jonathan Irish ◽

Brian O'Sullivan

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Natural History ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

History Of

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Natural history of untreated squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Clinical Otolaryngology ◽

10.1111/coa.13260 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 200-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Fei Liu ◽

Shuai Yuan ◽

Qigen Fang ◽

Qiang Sun

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Natural History ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

History Of

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Expressions of melanoma-associated antigen A1 as a prognostic factor in Chinese patients with resectable oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery ◽

10.1093/icvts/ivz141 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 510-516 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yue Yu ◽

Chenjun Huang ◽

Zhihua Li ◽

Fei Zhao ◽

Yue Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Prognostic Factor ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Independent Predictor ◽

Chinese Patients ◽

Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Oesophageal Mucosa ◽

History Of

AbstractOBJECTIVESMelanoma-associated antigen A1 (MAGEA1) is a potential target for immunotherapy and has been associated with poor survival rate in several cancers. However, little is known about the prognostic predictive value of MAGEA1 in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aims to determine whether the expression of MAGEA1 is an independent predictor of survival in patients with resectable OSCC.METHODSA retrospective analysis was performed on a large cohort of 197 patients with OSCC who underwent radical surgical treatment in the Department of Thoracic Surgery between January 2006 and December 2012. The expression of MAGEA1 in OSCC and matched normal oesophageal mucosa specimens from these patients was detected by immunohistochemistry with tissue microarray technology.RESULTSThe MAGEA1 protein was expressed in the cytoplasm and nucleus of tumour cells. The positive expression rate of MAGEA1 was significantly higher in OSCC tissue than in normal oesophageal mucosa (73.6% vs 5.6%, P < 0.001). MAGEA1 expression had no correlations with sex, age, history of smoking, alcohol consumption, family history of upper gastrointestinal cancer, T stage, lymph node metastasis, grade/location of the tumour or TNM stage (all at P > 0.05). Compared with those with negative MAGEA1 expression, patients with positive MAGEA1 expression were associated with a reduced overall survival rate (5-year survival rate: 53.8% vs 37.2%; P = 0.018). The multivariable analysis revealed that MAGEA1 expression is an independent predictor of prognosis (P = 0.007, hazard ratio 1.85, 95% confidence interval 1.19–2.89).CONCLUSIONSThe expression of MAGEA1 is abundant in Chinese patients with OSCC and is related to a worse clinical outcome. MAGEA1 may be a useful prognostic factor in patients with resectable OSCC.

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Squamous cell carcinoma as a late complication of intracerebroventricular epidermoid cyst

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1987.66.4.0618 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 618-620 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Steven A. Goldman ◽

Samuel E. Gandy

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Natural History ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Surgical Resection ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Epidermoid Cyst ◽

Late Complication ◽

Content Type ◽

History Of ◽

Fine Print

✓ Primary intracerebral squamous cell carcinoma is a rare sequela of benign cerebral epidermoid cysts. A case of presumed malignant transformation in a lateral ventricular epidermoid cyst is described, in which squamous cell carcinoma arose 33 years after the surgical resection of a benign epidermoid cyst. Three years after diagnosis of malignancy, the patient remains functional with a slowly invasive tumor. This case provides a rare description of the natural history of forebrain squamous cell carcinoma, which would appear to be a more indolent tumor than previously realized.

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