The contributions of biosynthesis and acyl chain remodelling to the molecular species profile of phosphatidylcholine in yeast

Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is a very abundant membrane lipid in most eukaryotes, including yeast. The molecular species profile of PC, i.e. the ensemble of PC molecules with acyl chains differing in number of carbon atoms and double bonds, is important for membrane function. Pathways of PC synthesis and turnover maintain PC homoeostasis and determine the molecular species profile of PC. Studies addressing the processes involved in establishing the molecular species composition of PC in yeast using stable isotope labelling combined with detection by MS are reviewed.

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Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (Esi-Ms/Ms) Analysis of the Lipid Molecular Species Composition of Yeast Subcellular Membranes Reveals Acyl Chain-Based Sorting/Remodeling of Distinct Molecular Species En Route to the Plasma Membrane

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.146.4.741 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 146 (4) ◽

pp. 741-754 ◽

Cited By ~ 342

Author(s):

Roger Schneiter ◽

Britta Brügger ◽

Roger Sandhoff ◽

Günther Zellnig ◽

Andrea Leber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Plasma Membrane ◽

Species Composition ◽

Molecular Species ◽

Acyl Chain ◽

Tandem Mass ◽

Molecular Species Composition ◽

Lipid Molecular Species ◽

Specific Lipid ◽

Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Nano-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (nano-ESI-MS/MS) was employed to determine qualitative differences in the lipid molecular species composition of a comprehensive set of organellar membranes, isolated from a single culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. Remarkable differences in the acyl chain composition of biosynthetically related phospholipid classes were observed. Acyl chain saturation was lowest in phosphatidylcholine (15.4%) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE; 16.2%), followed by phosphatidylserine (PS; 29.4%), and highest in phosphatidylinositol (53.1%). The lipid molecular species profiles of the various membranes were generally similar, with a deviation from a calculated average profile of ∼± 20%. Nevertheless, clear distinctions between the molecular species profiles of different membranes were observed, suggesting that lipid sorting mechanisms are operating at the level of individual molecular species to maintain the specific lipid composition of a given membrane. Most notably, the plasma membrane is enriched in saturated species of PS and PE. The nature of the sorting mechanism that determines the lipid composition of the plasma membrane was investigated further. The accumulation of monounsaturated species of PS at the expense of diunsaturated species in the plasma membrane of wild-type cells was reversed in elo3Δ mutant cells, which synthesize C24 fatty acid-substituted sphingolipids instead of the normal C26 fatty acid-substituted species. This observation suggests that acyl chain-based sorting and/or remodeling mechanisms are operating to maintain the specific lipid molecular species composition of the yeast plasma membrane.

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Dynamic lipidomics with stable isotope labelling

Journal of Chromatography B ◽

10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.03.046 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 877 (26) ◽

pp. 2716-2721 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Anthony D. Postle ◽

Alan N. Hunt

Keyword(s):

Stable Isotope ◽

Stable Isotope Labelling ◽

Isotope Labelling

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Lipid Acyl Chain Remodeling in Yeast

Lipid Insights ◽

10.4137/lpi.s31780 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8s1 ◽

pp. LPI.S31780 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mike F. Renne ◽

Xue Bao ◽

Cedric H. De Smet ◽

Anton I. P. M. De Kroon

Keyword(s):

Intracellular Transport ◽

De Novo ◽

Acyl Chain ◽

Model Organism ◽

Lipid Synthesis ◽

Membrane Lipid ◽

Lipid Homeostasis ◽

Synthetic Process ◽

Acyl Chains ◽

Phospholipid Acyl Chain

Membrane lipid homeostasis is maintained by de novo synthesis, intracellular transport, remodeling, and degradation of lipid molecules. Glycerophospholipids, the most abundant structural component of eukaryotic membranes, are subject to acyl chain remodeling, which is defined as the post-synthetic process in which one or both acyl chains are exchanged. Here, we review studies addressing acyl chain remodeling of membrane glycerophospholipids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a model organism that has been successfully used to investigate lipid synthesis and its regulation. Experimental evidence for the occurrence of phospholipid acyl chain exchange in cardiolipin, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylethanolamine is summarized, including methods and tools that have been used for detecting remodeling. Progress in the identification of the enzymes involved is reported, and putative functions of acyl chain remodeling in yeast are discussed.

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