Sequential Changes in Plasma Noradrenaline during Bicycle Exercise

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. S. Watson ◽  
C. A. Hamilton ◽  
D. H. Jones ◽  
J. L. Reid ◽  
T. J. Stallard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Bicycle Exercise ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Exercise Blood Pressure ◽  
Venous Plasma

1. Forearm venous plasma noradrenaline, heart rate and intra-arterial blood pressure were measured sequentially during and after upright bicycle exercise in five normotensive and six hypertensive patients. 2. Plasma noradrenaline increased significantly between 4 and 8 min during exercise. 3. On stopping exercise blood pressure and heart rate decreased rapidly whilst plasma noradrenaline increased in each subject to reach a maximum at a median time of 108 s after exercise. 4. Plasma noradrenaline decreased in five of six normotensive patients between the end of exercise and 2 min after exercise performed in the supine position. 5. Evidence in favour of a reflex increase in sympathetic activity after upright exercise is discussed.

Haemodynamic effects of physiological concentrations of circulating noradrenaline in man

1988 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Chang ◽  
Eugene Kriek ◽  
Jacques A. Van Der Krogt ◽  
Gerard-Jan Blauw ◽  
Peter Van Brummelen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Forearm Blood Flow ◽  
Haemodynamic Effects ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Forearm Vascular Resistance ◽  
Venous Plasma

1. To define the role of circulating noradrenaline in cardiovascular regulation, threshold concentrations for haemodynamic effects were determined in arterial and venous plasma of eight healthy volunteers. 2. Five doses of noradrenaline, 0–54 ng min−1 kg−1, were infused intravenously in random order and single-blind for 15 min per dose. Changes in intra-arterial blood pressure, heart rate, forearm blood flow and forearm vascular resistance were determined, and plasma noradrenaline was measured in arterial and venous blood samples. 3. Significant increases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure were found at arterial and venous plasma noradrenaline concentrations (means ±sem) of 3.00 ± 0.23 and 1.35 ±0.12 nmol/l, respectively. A significant decrease in heart rate was found at arterial and venous plasma noradrenaline concentrations of 8.99 ± 0.69 and 3.09 ± 0.60 nmol/l, respectively. The lower doses of noradrenaline tended to increase forearm blood flow and to decrease forearm vascular resistance, whereas the higher doses had no consistent effect on forearm haemodynamics. 4. During the noradrenaline infusions 73 ± 5% of the increase in arterial plasma noradrenaline concentration was extracted in the forearm. 5. The venous plasma noradrenaline threshold concentration was found to be much lower than previously reported. It is concluded that arterial and venous plasma noradrenaline concentrations which are readily encountered in physiological circumstances elicit haemodynamic effects.

The Influence of Physical Activity on Arterial Pressure during Ambulatory Recordings in Man

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Rowlands ◽  
T. J. Stallard ◽  
R. D. S. Watson ◽  
W. A. Littler
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hypotensive Therapy

1. Ambulatory blood pressure recordings were made over a 48 h period on six hypertensive patients. The conditions of study were standardized, particularly with regard to physical activity, and during one period of each day the patients were randomly allocated to be active or inactive. 2. Results show that blood pressure was highest during physical activity and lowest during sleep. There was no significant difference between the arterial pressures measured during the same physical activities carried out at the same time each day. However, during the same time on consecutive days when activity was randomized, there was a significant difference between the pressure recordings during physical activity compared with those during inactivity. Heart rate changes showed a similar trend during the randomized period. 3. Physical activity and sleep have a profound effect on continuous arterial blood pressure recordings and these are independent of time alone. These observations should be taken into account when using this ambulatory system to assess hypotensive therapy.

Hypoxemia raises muscle sympathetic activity but not norepinephrine in resting humans

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1736-1743 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Rowell ◽  
D. G. Johnson ◽  
P. B. Chase ◽  
K. A. Comess ◽  
D. R. Seals
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nervous Activity ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous Activity ◽  
Severe Hypoxemia ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Venous Plasma

The experimental objective was to determine whether moderate to severe hypoxemia increases skeletal muscle sympathetic nervous activity (MSNA) in resting humans without increasing venous plasma concentrations of norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E). In nine healthy subjects (20–34 yr), we measured MSNA (peroneal nerve), venous plasma levels of NE and E, arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and end-tidal O2 and CO2 before (control) and during breathing of 1) 12% O2 for 20 min, 2) 10% O2 for 20 min, and 3) 8% O2 for 10 min--in random order. MSNA increased above control in five, six, and all nine subjects during 12, 10, and 8% O2, respectively (P less than 0.01), but only after delays of 12 (12% O2) and 4 min (8 and 10% O2). MSNA (total activity) rose 83 +/- 20, 260 +/- 146, and 298 +/- 109% (SE) above control by the final minute of breathing 12, 10, and 8% O2, respectively. NE did not rise above control at any level of hypoxemia; E rose slightly (P less than 0.05) at one time only with both 10 and 8% O2. Individual changes in MSNA during hypoxemia were unrelated to elevations in heart rate or decrements in blood pressure and end-tidal CO2--neither of which always fell. We conclude that in contrast to some other sympathoexcitatory stimuli such as exercise or cold stress, moderate to severe hypoxemia increases leg MSNA without raising plasma NE in resting humans.

Plasma Noradrenaline Concentration and α-Adrenoceptor-Mediated Vasoconstriction in Normotensive and Hypertensive Man

1981 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Kiowski ◽  
F. R. Bühler ◽  
P. Vanbrummelen ◽  
F. W. Amann
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Arterial Infusion ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Noradrenaline Concentration ◽  
Normotensive Subjects ◽  
Control Plasma

1. Plasma noradrenaline concentrations and blood pressure were measured in 45 patients with essential hypertension and 34 matched normotensive subjects. Plasma noradrenaline was similar in both groups, but in the hypertensive patients plasma noradrenaline correlated with blood pressure. 2. The increase in forearm flow in response to an intra-arterial infusion of phentolamine was determined in 12 of the hypertensive and 14 of the normotensive subjects to assess the α-adrenoceptor-mediated component of vascular resistance. Although the dilator response to phentolamine was similar in both groups, in the hypertensive patients it was correlated with the control plasma noradrenaline (r = 0.83, P<0.01) as well as the height of mean blood pressure (r = 0.73, P<0.01). 3. These results suggest that in hypertensive patients plasma noradrenaline can be a marker for both sympathetic activity and the α-adrenoceptor-mediated component of vascular resistance.

ANESTHESIA WITH SINGLE-LUMEN ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION FOR THORACOSCOPIC SYMPATHECTOMY

2016 ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
Thi Thu Lanh Tran ◽  
Kha Canh Ho ◽  
Van Minh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Palmar Hyperhidrosis ◽  
Thoracoscopic Sympathectomy ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Co2 Insufflation ◽  
Single Lumen

Background: Hyperhidrosis is frenquently present in young people, caused much trouble in daily life, especially in communication. Thoracoscopic sympathectomy is an effective and safe method to treat palmar hyperhidrosis. Previously, the double - lumen tube was used. This method was too complex, expensive, accompanied pulmonary injury. We applied anesthesia with single - lumen endotracheal intubation and intrathoracic CO2 insufflation in supine position for thoracoscopic sympathectomy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the result of anesthesia and change of heart rate, arterial blood pressure, the respiration and complication. Methods: A prospective study was realized on 43 patients diagnosed palmar hyperhidrosis, and performed thoracic sympathectomy for the treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis. Patients in supine position were carried out anesthesia with the single - lumen endotracheal intubation and intrathoracic CO2 insufflation at a rate 0.5 - 1 L.min-1, sustained intrathoracic pressure at 5 - 6mmHg insufflation. All the patients were evaluated: heart rate, arterial blood pressure, saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO­2), end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2), peak airway pressure, surgery time for each lung, the complication of surgery and anesthesia, hospital stay. Results: General anesthesia with single - lumen endotracheal intubation, and intrathoracic CO2 insufflation for treating palmar hyperhidrosis was performed successfully in all patients supine position semi Fowler with the mean age 21.28 ± 5.65 (min 11 age - max 42 age), heart rate, arterial blood pressure and respiratory stability during surgery and anesthesia. SpO2 was over 98%, mean hospital stay was 2.84 ± 0.43 days (range 2- 4days). Conclusions: Anesthesia with single - lumen endotracheal intubation and intrathoracic CO2 insufflation in supine position for thoracoscopic sympathectomy was the method that provided good surgery condition, guaranteed intraoperatively heart rate, arterial blood pressure and respiratory stability. This was an effective, safe method. Key words: Single-lumen endotracheal intubation, double-lumen endotracheal tube, thoracoscopic sympathectomy

Side-effects of L-dopa on venous tone in Parkinson's disease: a leg-weighing assessment

2006 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Wolf ◽  
Malika Bouhaddi ◽  
Francis Louisy ◽  
Andrei Mikehiev ◽  
Laurent Mourot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Venous Tone ◽  
Arterial Blood

In the present study, the effects of L-dopa treatment on cardiovascular variables and peripheral venous tone were assessed in 13 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) with Hoehn and Yahr stages 1–4. Patients were investigated once with their regular treatment and once after 12 h of interruption of L-dopa treatment. L-Dopa intake significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline in both the supine and upright (60°) positions. A significant reduction in stroke volume and cardiac output was also seen with L-dopa. The vascular status of the legs was assessed through thigh compression during leg weighing, a new technique developed in our laboratory. Healthy subjects were used to demonstrate that this technique provided reproducible results, consistent with those provided by strain gauge plethysmography of the calf. When using this technique in patients with PD, L-dopa caused a significant lowering of vascular tone in the lower limbs as shown, in particular, by an increase in venous distensibility. Combined with the results of the orthostatic tilting, these findings support that the treatment-linked lowering of plasma noradrenaline in patients with PD was concomitant with a significant reduction in blood pressure, heart rate and vascular tone in the lower limbs. These pharmacological side-effects contributed to reduce venous return and arterial blood pressure which, together with a lowered heart rate, worsened the haemodynamic status.

Plasma noradrenaline in Goldblatt models of renovascular hypertension in the rat, before and after surgical reversal

1986 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Walker ◽  
R. F. Bing ◽  
J. D. Swales ◽  
H. Thurston
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
2K1c Hypertension

1. Plasma noradrenaline (NA), blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were measured simultaneously in conscious rats under basal conditions in the early phase (4–6 weeks) of one-kidney, one-clip hypertension (1K1C), in the early (4–6 weeks) and chronic (> 16 weeks) phases of the two-kidney, one-clip model (2K1C) and in age-matched loose clip control animals before and 2 days after unclipping. 2. The elevated BP in all three hypertensive groups fell to normal after unclipping, whereas removal of the constricting clip in loose clip controls had no effect on BP. 3. Plasma NA was elevated in 1K1C hypertension (P < 0.05) and fell slightly but non-significantly on unclipping. However, in the early phase of 2K1C hypertension plasma NA was unaltered before and rose significantly (P < 0.05) after unclipping. Plasma NA did not change with unclipping in the chronic phase of 2K1C hypertension and was not different from controls. Unclipping loose clip control animals produced no change in plasma NA. 4. Changes in HR on unclipping followed a similar pattern to changes in plasma NA: changes in the two variables were significantly correlated in all three models (1K1C: r = 0.61, P < 0.005; early 2K1C: r = 0.45, P < 0.05; chronic 2K1C: r = 0.62, P < 0.01). However, BP was only correlated with plasma NA in 1K1C hypertension (r = 0.49, P < 0.02) and not in either phase of the 2K1C model. There was also a highly significant correlation between HR and plasma NA in 1K1C hypertension (r = 0.71, P < 0.001). The pattern of the changes in plasma NA and HR that occurred with reversal of 1K1C hypertension was significantly different from those in the early phase 2K1C model (P < 0.05). 5. These data suggest that there is sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation in the early phase of 1K1C hypertension, but provide no evidence for increased sympathetic activity in either the early or chronic phases of the 2K1C model. Neither do they support the hypothesis that the fall in BP with unclipping in this model is mediated by reduced SNS activity.

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