Bilateral Needle Stimulation of the Diaphragm: Action of Aminophylline

ABSTRACT: Acupuncture is an ancient Chinese form of therapy that involves needle stimulation of specific points on the body for therapeutic and homeostatic effects. In ophthalmology, acupuncture helps as a conventional or adjuvant therapy for numerous eye disorders, including myopia, strabismus, dry eye, and cataracts. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of acupuncture on tear production (TP) and intraocular pressure (IOP) in horses. Ten healthy horses, females and males with ages varying between eight months and nine years, were used. Schirmer’s I test and applanation tonometry were used to evaluate the basal TP and IOP of both eyes. The measurements were taken immediately before (T10) the insertion of the needles and 5 (T5), 15 (T15), 30 (T30) and 60 (T60) minutes and 24 (T24) hours after a 20-minute acupuncture session. Mean values of both eyes were analyzed over time. TP increased in 50% of the animals at T5, T15 and T24, in 30% at T30, and in 40% at T60, with an increase of up to 8.5 mm/min at T15 and T60. In addition, there was a significant difference between T24 and T30, with a 14.1% increase in TP at T24. Meanwhile, IOP decreased in 50% of the animals at T5 and T30, in 20% at T15, in 60% at T60, and in 70% at T24. Thus, we suggest that acupuncture is a technique that can benefit horses with diseases that alter these parameters, either alone or as an adjunct in conventional therapeutic protocols.

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Bilateral Activation of Motor Unit Potentials with Unilateral Needle Stimulation of Active Myofascial Trigger Points

American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation ◽

10.1097/01.phm.0000118037.61143.7c ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 83 (5) ◽

pp. 368-374 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Joseph F. Audette ◽

Feng Wang ◽

Howard Smith

Keyword(s):

Motor Unit ◽

Trigger Points ◽

Myofascial Trigger Points ◽

Needle Stimulation ◽

Stimulation Of

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Joseph Lister: his contributions to early experimental physiology

Notes and Records the Royal Society journal of the history of science ◽

10.1098/rsnr.2013.0029 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 191-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Edward R. Howard

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Experimental Science ◽

Spinal Cord Section ◽

Nervous Control ◽

Histological Studies ◽

University College London ◽

The Brain ◽

Contractile Tissue ◽

Needle Stimulation ◽

Stimulation Of

Joseph Lister (1827–1912) acquired a lifelong interest in histology and experimental physiology while a student at University College London between 1848 and 1852. His first two publications in 1853 were histological studies of the contractile tissue of the iris and the skin. Studies of inflammation in 1855 progressed to experiments on the nervous control of arteries, using techniques of peripheral nerve division, spinal cord section and needle stimulation of the brain. This interest in nervous mechanisms led to innovative experiments on gut motility and the autonomic nervous system, from which he inferred that sympathetic nerve control was mediated via intrinsic neuronal plexuses in the gut wall, a mode of action confirmed 100 years later, in 1964–65. It is not generally known that Lister was elected FRS for this early experimental work and that his early commitment to experimental science and microscopy was the background to his later work on the development of surgical antisepsis.

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Effects of Needle Stimulation of Acupuncture Loci Nei-Kuan (EH-6), Tsu-San-Li (St-36), San-Yin-Chiao (Sp-6) and Chu-Chih (LI-11) on Cutaneous Temperature and Pain Threshold in Normal Adults

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x81000408 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 09 (04) ◽

pp. 305-314 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Mao-Tsun Lin ◽

Andi Chandra ◽

Sou-Mei Chen-Yen

Keyword(s):

Skin Temperature ◽

Pain Threshold ◽

Evaporative Heat Loss ◽

Left Hand ◽

Cutaneous Temperature ◽

Cutaneous Circulation ◽

The Right ◽

Normal Adults ◽

Needle Stimulation ◽

Stimulation Of

The effects of stimulation of acupuncture loci Nei-Kuan (EH-6), Tsu-San-Li (St-36), San-Yin-Chiao (Sp-6) and Chu-Chih (LI-11) on cutaneous circulation and/or pain threshold were assessed in eight normal adults. Stimulation of acupuncture locus San-Yin-Chiao (located in the right leg) produced vasoconstriction in the right leg skin temperature (Tright leg) and in the left leg skin temperature (Tleft leg). There was no change in either right arm skin temperature (Tright arm), left arm skin temperature (Tleft arm), metabolic rate, or respiratory evaporative heat loss. Stimulation of Nei-Kuan (located in the right arm) produced vasoconstriction only in both Tright arm and Tleft arm without changes in Tright leg and Tleft leg. Stimulation of acupuncture locus Tsu-San-Li (located in the left leg) produced vasoconstriction in both Tleft leg and Tright leg without changes in either Tright arm or Tleft arm. Stimulation of acupuncture locus of Chu-Chih (located in the left arm) produced vasodilatation in both Tleft arm and Tright arm without changes in either Tright leg and Tleft leg. On the other hand, stimulation of acupuncture locus San-Yin-Chiao (right side) produced analgesia only in the right foot sole, while stimulation of acupuncture locus Chu-Chih (left side) produced analgesia only in the left hand palm. Thus, the data indicate that each acupuncture locus may have its own way topographical representation with special reference to both cutaneous circulation and pain threshold in normal adults.

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Needle Stimulation of Acupuncture Loci Chu-Chih (LI-11) and Ho-Ku (LI-4) Induces Hypothermia Effects and Analgesia in Normal Adults

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x8100010x ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 09 (01) ◽

pp. 74-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mao-Tsun Lin ◽

Andi Chandra ◽

Sou-Mei Chen-Yen ◽

Yun-Feng Chern

Keyword(s):

Heat Production ◽

Hot Plate ◽

Hot Plate Test ◽

Plate Test ◽

Metabolic Heat ◽

Cutaneous Vasodilatation ◽

Cutaneous Temperature ◽

Normal Adults ◽

Needle Stimulation ◽

Stimulation Of

The effects of acupuncture stimulation on the Chu-Chih (LI-11) and Ho-Ku (LI-4) loci on both thermoregulatory and analgesic activity were assessed in normal adults. stimulation of Chu-Chih and Ho-Ku each produced both hypothermia and analgesia. The hypothermia was brought about by decreased metabolic heat production and cutaneous vasodilatation (as estimated by an increase in cutaneous temperature). The analgesic effect was shown by an increase in the latency to palm lift in the hot plate test. Thus, the data indicate that stimulation of acupuncture loci Chu-Chih and Ho-Ku is an ideal treatment for both the fever and painful syndromes.

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