Atrial natriuretic peptide released by rapid ventricular pacing in dogs does not cause a natriuresis

1988 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 571-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. Walsh ◽  
T. D. M. Williams ◽  
R. Canepa-Anson ◽  
P. Roe ◽  
E. Pitts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Ventricular Pacing ◽  
Free Water Clearance ◽  
Rapid Ventricular Pacing ◽  
Sodium Clearance ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

1. The relationships between the haemodynamic, renal and endocrine changes induced by rapid ventricular pacing were studied in ten chloralose-anaesthetized dogs paced from the right ventricular apex for 60 min at 250 beats/min. 2. Pacing increased mean right atrial and mean pulmonary wedge pressure (P < 0.05), and decreased cardiac output and mean arterial pressure (P < 0.05). 3. Coronary sinus atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentrations were approximately fourfold greater than arterial concentrations; both increased markedly during pacing (P < 0.01). Plasma concentrations of arginine vasopressin and plasma renin activity did not change signficantly. 4. Urine flow and free water clearance increased during the latter 30 min of pacing (P < 0.05). There was no significant change in sodium clearance despite high sustained concentrations of ANP. 5. Without the availability of specific inhibitors of ANP release or action, we are unable to exclude the possibility that ANP may have prevented sodium clearance from otherwise decreasing during rapid ventricular pacing. Nevertheless, the dissociation between elevated ANP concentrations and natriuresis in this study indicates that a rise in ANP concentrations per se is not sufficient to produce a natriuresis.

Role of atrial natriuretic peptide and urinary cGMP in the natriuretic and diuretic response to central hypervolemia in normal human subjects

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 2076-2080 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Leung ◽  
A. G. Logan ◽  
P. J. Campbell ◽  
T. E. Debowski ◽  
S. B. Bull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Free Water Clearance ◽  
Diuretic Response ◽  
Line Level ◽  
Central Hypervolemia ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

The response of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and urinary cGMP excretion to central hypervolemia induced by water immersion was assessed twice in five healthy male subjects, once while immersed in water to the neck for 3 h and again on a control day. Plasma ANP and urinary cGMP were measured by radioimmunoassay. Compared with the control day, overall change in plasma ANP on the immersion day was significant (p < 0.05). In response to water immersion, plasma ANP increased from a base-line level of 13.2 ± 3.1 (mean ± SEM) to 24.2 ± 5.5 pg/mL by 0.5 h of immersion and was sustained at that level throughout the immersion period. Plasma ANP returned to the base-line level at 1 h postimmersion. Urinary cGMP excretion increased significantly by 1 h of immersion and was sustained at that level throughout water immersion and 1 h postimmersion (p < 0.05). During water immersion urine flow, urinary sodium and potassium excretion, free water clearance, and osmolar clearance increased while plasma renin activity, serum aldosterone, and blood pressure fell; all changes were significant (p < 0.05). Creatinine clearance and hematocrit did not show any significant changes. These data suggest that an increase in plasma ANP may contribute to the natriuretic and diuretic response to central hypervolemia, and that the measurement of urinary cGMP may be a valuable marker of ANP biological responsiveness.

Atrial natriuretic peptide response to rapid atrial pacing in cardiac-denervated dogs

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (1) ◽  
pp. R162-R167 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Williams ◽  
K. P. Walsh ◽  
R. Canepa-Anson ◽  
M. I. Noble ◽  
A. J. Drake-Holland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Urine Flow ◽  
Urine Flow Rate ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Atrial Pacing ◽  
Cardiac Denervation ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

The effects of rapid atrial pacing on central hemodynamics, plasma hormones, and renal function were investigated in eight control and nine cardiac-denervated dogs under chloralose anesthesia. Pacing at approximately 250 ppm for 60 min caused similar increases in pulmonary wedge and right atrial pressures, systemic vascular resistance, and plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in both groups. In control dogs, pacing produced a fall in both plasma vasopressin (AVP) and plasma renin activity (PRA) and a rise in urine flow rate associated with an increase in free water but not sodium clearance. In contrast, in cardiac-denervated dogs, both plasma AVP and PRA increased during pacing; urine flow rate did not change, and marked sodium retention occurred. This study supports the concept that the increase in urine flow during rapid atrial pacing is mediated by inhibition of renin and AVP secretion through intact cardiac nerves. The secretion of ANP is unaffected by cardiac denervation. The natriuretic and vasodilator actions of high plasma ANP concentrations during rapid atrial pacing can be inhibited either by neurally mediated cardiorenal effects in normal animals or by stimulation of the renin-angiotensin system after cardiac denervation.

Effects of human atrial natriuretic peptide on renal function and vasopressin release

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (5) ◽  
pp. R789-R794 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kimura ◽  
K. Abe ◽  
M. Shoji ◽  
K. Tsunoda ◽  
K. Matsui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Free Water Clearance ◽  
Vasopressin Release ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

To assess the effects of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on the renal function, cardiovascular system, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and vasopressin release, synthetic human ANP (alpha-hANP) was administered at a dose of 0.08 microgram X kg-1 X min-1 iv for 40 min into anesthetized dogs (n = 6). In the control study (n = 6), saline alone was infused. alpha-hANP brought about a significant increase in renal plasma flow, urinary Na and K output, urine flow, and osmolar clearance and a significant decrease in urinary osmolality, free water clearance, and filtration fraction (FF), with no changes in glomerular filtration rate. Plasma Na concentrations and osmolality did not change significantly, but plasma K concentrations fell progressively. Mean arterial blood pressure decreased without any changes in heart rate. Plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone concentrations (PAC), and plasma vasopressin concentrations did not rise, but rather PRA and PAC tended to fall during alpha-hANP infusion. In the control study, there were no changes in these parameters except a progressive fall in FF and plasma K concentrations. These results indicate that the alpha-hANP-induced increase in renal blood flow plays an important role in producing natriuresis, but vasopressin may not be involved in the process of diuresis.

Effects of endogenous atrial natriuretic peptide released by rapid atrial pacing in dogs

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (4) ◽  
pp. R599-R604 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. Walsh ◽  
T. D. Williams ◽  
R. Canepa-Anson ◽  
E. Pitts ◽  
S. L. Lightman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Plasma Norepinephrine ◽  
Atrial Pacing ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Rebound Increase ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

The relationships between the hemodynamic, renal, and endocrine changes induced by rapid atrial pacing were studied in seven chloralose-anesthetized greyhounds paced from the right atrial appendage for 60 min at 250 beats/min. Pacing increased mean pulmonary wedge pressure, decreased cardiac output, and decreased mean arterial pressure. Systemic vascular resistance did not change significantly. Coronary sinus atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentrations rose maximally within 5 min of commencing pacing. The corresponding increase in arterial ANP concentrations during this time was only 44% of its maximum value after 30 min of pacing. Plasma concentrations of arginine vasopressin were unchanged. Plasma renin activity decreased during pacing and showed a marked rebound increase at 60 min postpacing. Plasma norepinephrine levels did not change significantly during pacing. Urine flow increased during the latter 30 min of pacing. There was no significant change in sodium clearance despite high sustained concentrations of ANP. The lack of significant natriuretic and systemic vasodilator effects in association with high arterial plasma concentrations of endogenous ANP, in the absence of antagonistic mechanisms, suggests that the natriuretic and vascular effects of ANP may not be its major physiological actions.

Diurnal change in plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations

1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 489-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Richards ◽  
G. Tonolo ◽  
R. Fraser ◽  
J. J. Morton ◽  
B. J. Leckie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

1. Diurnal changes in plasma concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), renin, angiotensin II, aldosterone, Cortisol and antidiuretic hormone were investigated in seven normal volunteers studied under standardized conditions of dietary sodium, posture and physical activity. After completion of the diurnal study serial measurements of these variables were continued during, and on recovery from, a 2 day period of severe sodium depletion. 2. Clear diurnal variations in plasma concentrations of renin, angiotensin II, aldosterone, Cortisol and antidiuretic hormone were observed. 3. Plasma ANP concentrations also varied significantly over 24 h. Values peaked about mid-day and a distinct trough in peptide concentrations occurred in the early evening. However, variations in plasma ANP values were of relatively small amplitude and not clearly independent of modest parallel shifts in sodium balance. 4. Changes in plasma ANP concentrations both within the diurnal study period and during sodium deprivation were closely and positively correlated with concomitant changes in cumulative sodium balance. 5. No simple parallel or reciprocal relationships between plasma concentrations of ANP, on the one hand, and concurrent plasma concentrations of other hormones or in the rate of urinary sodium excretion, on the other, were observed during the 25 h of the diurnal study.

scholarly journals Elevated plasma levels of endothelin are associated with the severity of sepsis and presence of shock in contrast to the levels of atrial natriuretic peptide

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 419-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Beishuizen ◽  
J. M. Götz ◽  
L. Kip ◽  
C. Haanen ◽  
I. Vermes
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Plasma Lactate ◽  
Serial Blood Sampling ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

Immunoreactive endothelin (ETi) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANPi) blood levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in patients with clinically defined sepsis. The interaction between these two peptides and their relation to circulatory shock and mortality were studied. All septic patients (n = 16) had significantly higher ETi (22.3 ± 11.1 pg/ml) and ANPi (398.3 ± 154.3 pg/ml) plasma concentrations compared to control subjects (ETi, 4.1 ± 1.2; ANPi, 59.1 ± 14.8 pg/ml; n = 13). ETi levels followed the severity of illness according to the APACHE II scoring system and were higher in patients who did not survive. ETi levels were significantly higher in the presence of shock and bacteraemia. Furthermore, ETi correlated well with plasma lactate (r = 0.83, p < 0.05), but not with renal function. ANPi levels did not show correlation with any of these determinants. Serial blood sampling, six consecutive days after admission, showed that ETi levels gradually decreased in normotensive patients in contrast to patients with septic shock. ANPi levels did not show systematic changes in time, and no relationship was observed between ETi and ANPi levels. These results suggest that plasma ETi levels are indicative for disease severity and might have prognostic significance. The role of ANPi during sepsis remains to be eludicated.

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