Effects of Maternal Diabetes on Blood Pressure and Glucose Tolerance in Offspring of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats: Relation to Birth Weight

1995 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanori Iwase ◽  
Miya Wada ◽  
Masanori Wakisaka ◽  
Hideyuki Yoshizumi ◽  
Mototaka Yoshinari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Maternal Diabetes ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive

1. We studied the effects of maternal diabetes on blood pressure and glucose tolerance in the adult female offspring of spontaneously hypertensive rats. 2. Female spontaneously hypertensive rats were rendered diabetic by neonatal streptozotocin treatment, and then were mated with untreated male spontaneously hypertensive rats. Moderately severe hyperglycaemia was maintained during the gestation. 3. The birth weight was significantly lower in the female offspring of the diabetic dams than in the female offspring of the non-diabetic dams. The systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in the offspring from the diabetic dams than that from the control dams at 6 months of age (192 ± 4 mmHg versus 213 ± 4 mmHg, P < 0.01). The heart weight was also significantly increased in the offspring of the diabetic dams. Both the blood pressure and heart weight were inversely related to the birth weight. On the other hand, glucose tolerance was unaffected by maternal diabetes. 4. Maternal diabetes aggravated the severity of hypertension in the adult female offspring of spontaneously hypertensive rats. This suggests the importance of the metabolic environment during fetal growth for the development of hypertension.

scholarly journals Chemical Characterisation and Antihypertensive Effects of Locular Gel and Serum of Lycopersicum esculentum L. var. “Camone” Tomato in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 3758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Marcolongo ◽  
Alessandra Gamberucci ◽  
Gabriella Tamasi ◽  
Alessio Pardini ◽  
Claudia Bonechi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Blood Cytokines

Blood pressure control in hypertensive subjects calls for changes in lifestyle, especially diet. Tomato is widely consumed and rich in healthy components (i.e., carotenoids, vitamins and polyphenols). The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition and antihypertensive effects of locular gel reconstituted in serum of green tomatoes of “Camone” variety. Tomato serum and locular gel were chemically characterised. The antihypertensive effects of the locular gel in serum, pure tomatine, and captopril, administered by oral gavage, were investigated for 4 weeks in male spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats. Systolic blood pressure and heart rate were monitored using the tail cuff method. Body and heart weight, serum glucose, triglycerides and inflammatory cytokines, aorta thickness and liver metabolising activity were also assessed. Locular gel and serum showed good tomatine and polyphenols content. Significant reductions in blood pressure and heart rate, as well as in inflammatory blood cytokines and aorta thickness, were observed in spontaneously hypertensive rats treated both with locular gel in serum and captopril. No significant effects were observed in normotensive rats. Green tomatoes locular gel and serum, usually discarded during tomato industrial processing, are rich in bioactive compounds (i.e., chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and rutin, as well as the glycoalkaloids, α-tomatine and dehydrotomatine) that can lower in vivo blood pressure towards healthier values, as observed in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Abstract 69: Reduction of Diastolic Dysfunction by Treatment of a Combination of Agonists of Adenosine Receptor in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Submitted to Myocardial Infarction

2015 ◽  
Vol 117 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisele Zapata-Sudo ◽  
Tais N Frazão ◽  
Jaqueline S da Silva ◽  
Eliezer J Barreiro ◽  
Carlos A Fraga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Mean Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive

Introduction: This work investigated the cardioprotective actions of the combination of a positive inotropic agent (LASSBio-294 ) and a potent vasodilator (LASSBio-897) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) submitted to myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: Twenty four SHR (180-200 g) were randomly divided in sham-operated (SO) and infarcted groups (MI) and each group subdivided in two: treatment with vehicle (DMSO) or with LASSBio-294 + LASSBio-897 (5mg/kg each, p.o.) during 8 weeks. After treatment period, the animals were submitted to echocardiography to determine the anterior wall thickness (AWT), ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS) and the ratio of early and late transmitral filling velocity (E/A). In addition, the following hemodynamic parameters were evaluated: mean blood pressure (MBP), left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), left ventricular end-systolic pressure (LVESP) and LV contractility and relaxation (dp/dt max ). Hypertrophy was measured using the relation between heart weight to body weight (HW/BW). The volume fraction of collagen (%) was determined by measuring the area of H&E stained tissue within a given field. Results: MI induced in SHR promoted a decrease in AWT; EF; FS and E/A from 2.0 ± 0.4 to 1.6 ± 0.9 mm; from 53.1 ± 7.5 to 25.3 ± 6.4 %; from 40.0 ± 0.9 to 25.3 ± 11.0 %; and from 1.4 ± 0.1 to 0.9 ± 0.1, respectively. Treatment with the combination of drugs, increased AWT to 2.5 ± 0.6 mm; EF to 73.2 ± 1.0 %; FS to 43.5 ± 6.6%; and E/A to 1.3 ± 0.1. Increase of LVEDP from 4.6 ± 0.3 to 30.0 ± 3.6 mmHg and duplicated oxygen consumption were observed in MI-SHR. The negative dP/dt was reduced from 6152 ± 1015 to 3957 ± 1225 mm Hg/s. After treatment, all hemodynamic parameters were restored to values similar to SO group. Mean blood pressure which was increased after MI from 168. 2 ± 18.6 to 197.7 ± 10.7 returned to 137.0 ± 19.3 mm Hg after treatment. Increased deposition of colagen from 15.1 ± 3.9 to 24.0 ± 0.9 % induced by MI was prevented with treatment with the combination of drugs (12.9 ± 3.8 %). Conclusion: Oral administration of the combination of LASSBio-294 and LASSBio-897 could be considered promising in preventing cardiac dysfunction in SHR submitted to MI.

Altered Cardiac β-adrenoreceptors in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Receiving Salt Excess

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (s6) ◽  
pp. 169s-170s ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. MacPhee ◽  
H. L. Blakesley ◽  
Karen A. Graci ◽  
E. D. Frohlich ◽  
F. E. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Experimental Hypertension ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Clinical Hypertension ◽  
Logarithmic Relationship

1. Altered adrenergic responsiveness of hearts and blood vessels occurs in both experimental and clinical hypertension. 2. Since salt excess aggravates both types of hypertension, we investigated β-adrenoreceptor properties in the hearts of spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats drinking 1% NaCl or tap water for 3 weeks. 3. Sodium loading increased heart weight in both spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats. 4. In spontaneously hypertensive rats excess salt attenuated the age-related decrease in β-adrenoreceptor number observed in spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats drinking tap water and in normotensive rats drinking 1% NaCl. 5. Unlike the normotensive rats, which did not show a relationship between β-adrenoreceptor number and blood pressure, spontaneously hypertensive rats on tap water and 1% NaCl showed a significant negative logarithmic relationship between these two variables. These data provide further evidence implicating sodium excess as an aggravating factor in this model of experimental hypertension.

scholarly journals A low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet reduces blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats without deleterious changes in insulin resistance

2013 ◽  
Vol 304 (12) ◽  
pp. H1733-H1742 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Bosse ◽  
Han Yi Lin ◽  
Crystal Sloan ◽  
Quan-Jiang Zhang ◽  
E. Dale Abel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

Previous studies reported that diets high in simple carbohydrates could increase blood pressure in rodents. We hypothesized that the converse, a low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet, might reduce blood pressure. Six-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR; n = 54) and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY; n = 53, normotensive control) were fed either a control diet (C; 10% fat, 70% carbohydrate, 20% protein) or a low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet (HF; 20% carbohydrate, 60% fat, 20% protein). After 10 wk, SHR-HF had lower ( P < 0.05) mean arterial pressure than SHR-C (148 ± 3 vs. 159 ± 3 mmHg) but a similar degree of cardiac hypertrophy (33.4 ± 0.4 vs. 33.1 ± 0.4 heart weight/tibia length, mg/mm). Mesenteric arteries and the entire aorta were used to assess vascular function and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) signaling, respectively. Endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine) relaxation of mesenteric arteries was improved ( P < 0.05) in SHR-HF vs. SHR-C, whereas contraction (potassium chloride, phenylephrine) was reduced ( P < 0.05). Phosphorylation of eNOSSer1177 increased ( P < 0.05) in arteries from SHR-HF vs. SHR-C. Plasma glucose, insulin, and homoeostatic model of insulin assessment were lower ( P < 0.05) in SHR-HF vs. SHR-C, whereas peripheral insulin sensitivity (insulin tolerance test) was similar. After a 10-h fast, insulin stimulation (2 U/kg ip) increased ( P < 0.05) phosphorylation of AktSer473 and S6 in heart and gastrocnemius similarly in SHR-C vs. SHR-HF. In conclusion, a low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet reduced blood pressure and improved arterial function in SHR without producing signs of insulin resistance or altering insulin-mediated signaling in the heart, skeletal muscle, or vasculature.

Kidneys from normotensive donors lower blood pressure in young transplanted spontaneously hypertensive rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (1) ◽  
pp. R175-R180 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Patschan ◽  
B. Kuttler ◽  
U. Heemann ◽  
A. Uber ◽  
R. Rettig
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Transplanted Kidneys ◽  
Group 1

Single transplanted kidneys from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) have been shown to elicit hypertension in genetically normotensive recipients. This study was designed to investigate the effects of single transplanted kidneys from genetically normotensive donors [Biobreeding (BB)/Ottawa Karlsburg (OK) rats] on blood pressure in SHR recipients. The following groups were formed: group 1 (n = 11), SHR donors and SHR recipients; group 2 (n = 15), BB/OK donors and SHR recipients; and group 3 (n = 8), BB/OK donors and BB/OK recipients. Recipients received antihypertensive treatment (hydralazine) from weaning until renal transplantation at the age of 9 wk and immunosuppressive treatment (anti-CD4 antibody and cyclosporine A) for 3 wk starting on the day of transplantation. Six weeks after transplantation, intra-arterially measured blood pressure and heart weight-to-body weight ratio were highest in group 1, intermediate in group 2, and lowest in group 3. There were no significant differences with respect to plasma urea and creatinine concentrations among the three groups. These results support the hypothesis that hypertension in renal-transplanted SHR depends in part on the genetic background of the transplanted kidney.

Inhibition of NF-κB induces regression of cardiac hypertrophy, independent of blood pressure control, in spontaneously hypertensive rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (1) ◽  
pp. H20-H29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhiranjan Gupta ◽  
David Young ◽  
Subha Sen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Cardiac Mass ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Iκb Kinase

The transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-κB plays a leading role in cardiac hypertrophy associated with heart failure, but whether it is involved in cardiac mass reduction is not known. We evaluated whether inhibiting the NF-κB cascade with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKYs) affected hypertrophy. We measured NF-κB signaling components [NF-κB translocation, IκBα, p65, mRNA and protein levels, and IκB kinase-β (IKKβ) activity] at 12 and 36 wk in WKYs and SHRs and at 10 wk in PDTC-treated rats ( n = 9). NF-κB activation was also evaluated in rats treated for 10 wk with captopril or hydralazine alone or with either drug plus PDTC. All components were increased in SHRs compared with WKYs. After PDTC treatment, NF-κB activity was inhibited, and heart weight-to-body weight ratio in SHRs was significantly attenuated (3.52 ± 0.04 to 3.32 ± 0.05 mg/kg). Captopril treatment significantly reduced cardiac mass (3.5 vs. 3.05 mg/kg; n = 9) and inhibited NF-κB activity (169.71 ± 5.70 to 106.7 ± 12.44). Hydralazine had no effect on cardiac mass (3.5 vs. 3.42 mg/kg) or NF-κB activity (169.71 ± 5.70 to 155.52 ± 6.11). Hydralazine plus PDTC reduced blood pressure (191.16 ± 1.7 to 158.5 ± 2.36 mmHg) and inhibited NF-κB activity (169.71 ± 5.70 to 97.29 ± 3.65). Our data suggest that 1) cardiac hypertrophy in SHRs is partly due to NF-κB activation, 2) inhibition of NF-κB activity by PDTC parallels regression of hypertrophy, and 3) regression of hypertrophy is partly due to inhibition of NF-κB activity, independent of hypertension. The relationship between NF-κB activity and cardiac remodeling is causal, not coincidental.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document