scholarly journals A low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet reduces blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats without deleterious changes in insulin resistance

2013 ◽  
Vol 304 (12) ◽  
pp. H1733-H1742 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Bosse ◽  
Han Yi Lin ◽  
Crystal Sloan ◽  
Quan-Jiang Zhang ◽  
E. Dale Abel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

Previous studies reported that diets high in simple carbohydrates could increase blood pressure in rodents. We hypothesized that the converse, a low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet, might reduce blood pressure. Six-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR; n = 54) and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY; n = 53, normotensive control) were fed either a control diet (C; 10% fat, 70% carbohydrate, 20% protein) or a low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet (HF; 20% carbohydrate, 60% fat, 20% protein). After 10 wk, SHR-HF had lower ( P < 0.05) mean arterial pressure than SHR-C (148 ± 3 vs. 159 ± 3 mmHg) but a similar degree of cardiac hypertrophy (33.4 ± 0.4 vs. 33.1 ± 0.4 heart weight/tibia length, mg/mm). Mesenteric arteries and the entire aorta were used to assess vascular function and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) signaling, respectively. Endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine) relaxation of mesenteric arteries was improved ( P < 0.05) in SHR-HF vs. SHR-C, whereas contraction (potassium chloride, phenylephrine) was reduced ( P < 0.05). Phosphorylation of eNOSSer1177 increased ( P < 0.05) in arteries from SHR-HF vs. SHR-C. Plasma glucose, insulin, and homoeostatic model of insulin assessment were lower ( P < 0.05) in SHR-HF vs. SHR-C, whereas peripheral insulin sensitivity (insulin tolerance test) was similar. After a 10-h fast, insulin stimulation (2 U/kg ip) increased ( P < 0.05) phosphorylation of AktSer473 and S6 in heart and gastrocnemius similarly in SHR-C vs. SHR-HF. In conclusion, a low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet reduced blood pressure and improved arterial function in SHR without producing signs of insulin resistance or altering insulin-mediated signaling in the heart, skeletal muscle, or vasculature.

scholarly journals Antihypertensive Effect of Radix Paeoniae Alba in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats and Excessive Alcohol Intake and High Fat Diet Induced Hypertensive Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Su-Hong ◽  
Chen Qi ◽  
Li Bo ◽  
Gao Jian-Li ◽  
Su Jie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Excessive Alcohol ◽  
Radix Paeoniae Alba

Radix Paeoniae Alba (Baishao, RPA) has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine formulation to treat hypertension by repression the hyperfunction of liver. However, whether the RPA itself has the antihypertensive effect or not is seldom studied. This study was to evaluate the protective effect of RPA on hypertensive rats. Alcohol in conjunction with a high fat diet- (ACHFD-) induced hypertensive rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) was constantly received either RPA extract (25 or 75 mg/kg) or captopril (15 mg/kg) all along the experiments. As a result, RPA extract (75 mg/kg) could significantly reduce systolic blood pressure of both ACHFD-induced hypertensive rats and SHR after 9-week or 4-week treatment. In ACHFD-induced hypertensive rats, the blood pressure was significantly increased and the lipid profiles in serum including triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol were significantly deteriorated. Also, hepatic damage was manifested by a significant increase in alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) in serum. The RPA extract significantly reversed these parameters, which revealed that it could alleviate the liver damage of rats. In SHR, our result suggested that the antihypertensive active of RPA extract may be related to its effect on regulating serum nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin (ET) levels.

scholarly journals Endothelial Dysfunction and the Development of Renal Injury in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet

Hypertension ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah F. Knight ◽  
Jeffrey E. Quigley ◽  
Jianghe Yuan ◽  
Siddhartha S. Roy ◽  
Ahmed Elmarakby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive

scholarly journals Chemical Characterisation and Antihypertensive Effects of Locular Gel and Serum of Lycopersicum esculentum L. var. “Camone” Tomato in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 3758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Marcolongo ◽  
Alessandra Gamberucci ◽  
Gabriella Tamasi ◽  
Alessio Pardini ◽  
Claudia Bonechi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Blood Cytokines

Blood pressure control in hypertensive subjects calls for changes in lifestyle, especially diet. Tomato is widely consumed and rich in healthy components (i.e., carotenoids, vitamins and polyphenols). The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition and antihypertensive effects of locular gel reconstituted in serum of green tomatoes of “Camone” variety. Tomato serum and locular gel were chemically characterised. The antihypertensive effects of the locular gel in serum, pure tomatine, and captopril, administered by oral gavage, were investigated for 4 weeks in male spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats. Systolic blood pressure and heart rate were monitored using the tail cuff method. Body and heart weight, serum glucose, triglycerides and inflammatory cytokines, aorta thickness and liver metabolising activity were also assessed. Locular gel and serum showed good tomatine and polyphenols content. Significant reductions in blood pressure and heart rate, as well as in inflammatory blood cytokines and aorta thickness, were observed in spontaneously hypertensive rats treated both with locular gel in serum and captopril. No significant effects were observed in normotensive rats. Green tomatoes locular gel and serum, usually discarded during tomato industrial processing, are rich in bioactive compounds (i.e., chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and rutin, as well as the glycoalkaloids, α-tomatine and dehydrotomatine) that can lower in vivo blood pressure towards healthier values, as observed in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

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