Oral Motor and Gesture Abilities Independently Associated With Preschool Language Skill: Longitudinal and Concurrent Relationships at 21 Months and 3–4 Years

Purpose Early motor abilities (gesture, oral motor, and gross/fine skills) are related to language abilities, and this is not due to an association with cognitive or symbolic abilities: Oral motor skills are uniquely associated with language abilities at 21 months of age. It is important to determine whether this motor–language relationship continues beyond the earliest stage of language development to understand language acquisition better and better predict which children may have lasting language difficulties. Method In this longitudinal study, we assessed language comprehension and production, oral motor skill, gross/fine motor skill, and meaningless manual gesture at ages 3 years ( N = 89) and 4 years ( N = 71), comparing the contribution of motor skill and earlier (at 21 months of age) language ability. We also examined covariates: nonverbal cognitive ability, socioeconomic status, and stimulation in the home as measured on the Home Screening Questionnaire. Results Motor abilities continue to have a significant relationship with language abilities independent of other factors in the preschool years. Meaningless manual gesture ability, gross/fine motor skill, and oral motor skill were still associated with language skill at 3 years of age; these relationships are not explained by the contribution of cognitive abilities or earlier language abilities. Conclusions Relationships between early motor skill and language development persist into preschool years and are not explained by other cognitive or home factors, nor by a relationship with earlier language ability. This finding should lead to a better understanding of the origins of language abilities.

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Mathematical Skills in 3- and 5-Year-Olds with Spina Bifida and Their Typically Developing Peers: A Longitudinal Approach

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society ◽

10.1017/s1355617711000233 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 431-444 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Marcia A. Barnes ◽

Allison Stubbs ◽

Kimberly P. Raghubar ◽

Alba Agostino ◽

Heather Taylor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spina Bifida ◽

Motor Skill ◽

Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽

Vocabulary Knowledge ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Typically Developing ◽

Fine Motor Skill ◽

Motor Abilities ◽

Visual Spatial ◽

Object Based

AbstractPreschoolers with spina bifida (SB) were compared to typically developing (TD) children on tasks tapping mathematical knowledge at 36 months (n = 102) and 60 months of age (n = 98). The group with SB had difficulty compared to TD peers on all mathematical tasks except for transformation on quantities in the subitizable range. At 36 months, vocabulary knowledge, visual–spatial, and fine motor abilities predicted achievement on a measure of informal math knowledge in both groups. At 60 months of age, phonological awareness, visual–spatial ability, and fine motor skill were uniquely and differentially related to counting knowledge, oral counting, object-based arithmetic skills, and quantitative concepts. Importantly, the patterns of association between these predictors and mathematical performance were similar across the groups. A novel finding is that fine motor skill uniquely predicted object-based arithmetic abilities in both groups, suggesting developmental continuity in the neurocognitive correlates of early object-based and later symbolic arithmetic problem solving. Models combining 36-month mathematical ability and these language-based, visual–spatial, and fine motor abilities at 60 months accounted for considerable variance on 60-month informal mathematical outcomes. Results are discussed with reference to models of mathematical development and early identification of risk in preschoolers with neurodevelopmental disorder. (JINS, 2011, 17, 431–444)

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LOCUS OF CONTROL AND PERCEIVED ALCOHOL INGESTION IN PERFORMANCE OF A FINE MOTOR SKILL

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.66.1.179-185 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 179 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

ROBERT L. BRECKENRIDG

Keyword(s):

Locus Of Control ◽

Motor Skill ◽

Alcohol Ingestion ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Fine Motor Skill

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Relationship between Motor Skill and Body Mass Index in 5- to 10-Year-Old Children

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly ◽

10.1123/apaq.26.1.21 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 21-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 108

Author(s):

Eva D’Hondt ◽

Benedicte Deforche ◽

Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij ◽

Matthieu Lenoir

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Motor Skill ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Overweight Children ◽

Fine Motor Skill ◽

Obese Children ◽

General Motor ◽

Movement Assessment

The purpose of this study was to investigate gross and fine motor skill in overweight and obese children compared with normal-weight peers. According to international cut-off points for Body Mass Index (BMI) from Cole et al. (2000), all 117 participants (5–10 year) were classified as being normal-weight, overweight, or obese. Level of motor skill was assessed using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC). Scores for balance (p < .01) and ball skills (p < .05) were significantly better in normal-weight and overweight children as compared with their obese counterparts. A similar trend was found for manual dexterity (p < .10). This study demonstrates that general motor skill level is lower in obese children than in normal-weight and overweight peers.

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Upaya Melestarikan Permainan Tradisional Engklek melalui Teknologi Digital Interaktif

JURNAL RUPA ◽

10.25124/rupa.v2i2.1011 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 122

Author(s):

Noor Hasyim ◽

Ati Bahiyati Utami Putri

Keyword(s):

Video Games ◽

Design Process ◽

Motor Skill ◽

Digital Technology ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Fine Motor Skill ◽

Technological Developments ◽

Traditional Game ◽

Contemporary Approach

Traditional games which involved fine motor skill are becoming obsolete nowadays, one of them is engklek. In addition to technological developments, the increasingly diminishing playgrounds and the growing individuality of the urban community has made traditional games much more forgotten. The preservation of engklek needs to be done through a contemporary approach involving recent technologies, one of them is using video games. Video games has potential to grow children's curiosity towards some knowledge that become increasingly rare. The aim of digitization of englek is to introduce traditional games in order to preserve the culture of traditional game for Indonesian children, especially for those whom live in urban areas today. The final result of this design process is an Android game application called PERON Engklek that would introduce traditional games through digital technology for children nowadays. By doing so, it would motivate them to play with their friends.

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