Management of child and adolescent eating disorders: the current evidence base and future directions

2004 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Gowers ◽  
Rachel Bryant-Waugh
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
Adolescent Eating Disorders

Couple and Family Therapy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica ChenFeng ◽  
Diane Gehart
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Family Therapy ◽  
Couples Therapy ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Couple And Family Therapy ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
Cord Injury

Evidence-based couple and family therapies have a robust and well-established evidence base as a cost-effective treatment for numerous conditions and are the treatment of choice for several childhood and adult mental health issues. This review provides a brief overview of systemic couple and family therapy principles and then reviews the evidence base for using these methods with specific disorders. Family therapy treatments have been identified as a primary intervention for several childhood and adolescent disorders, including conduct, alcohol and substance use, attention-deficit, autism, psychotic, mood, anxiety, and eating disorders, as well as certain physical disorders, including diabetes, enuresis, and asthma. For adults, the current evidence base supports couples therapy for major depressive disorder with couple distress, alcohol and substance use disorders, anxiety disorders, distressed couples, and interpersonal violence with certain batterers. In addition, couple and family therapy is indicated for certain adult chronic health conditions, including stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, dementia, and diabetes. The review concludes with a discussion of effective referral for and training in evidence-based family therapy approaches. This review contains 6 figures, 5 tables, and 53 references. Key words: ADD/ADHD, adolescent, childhood trauma, conduct disorder, couples therapy, depression, eating disorders, family therapy,  marital therapy, mood disorder

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Psychosis: Current Evidence and Future Directions

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 705-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Steel
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Base ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Interventions

AbstractThe past decade has seen considerable growth in the evidence base of cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis. Consistent reports of moderate effect sizes have led to such interventions being recommended as part of routine clinical practice. Most of this evidence is based on a generic form of CBT for psychosis applied to a heterogeneous group. An increase in the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural interventions may require new protocols. Such therapeutic developments should be based on the theoretical understanding of the psychological processes associated with specific forms of psychotic presentation. The current evidence base of CBT for psychosis is reviewed, and barriers that have held back the development of this research are discussed.

scholarly journals Eating Disorders and Female Sexuality: Current Evidence-base and Future Implications

Psico-USF ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-113
Author(s):  
Carolina Leonidas ◽  
Manoel Antônio dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Female Sexuality ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Current Evidence Base

Abstract This study aimed to examine current scientific production regarding sexuality-related issues in the context of eating disorders (ED). Searches were performed on PubMed, LILACS, CINAHL and PsycINFO, including papers published between 2008 and 2018, using the following descriptors: eating disorders, femininity, sexuality and sexual behavior. Nineteen studies were selected. Findings were systematized into two main thematic categories and showed, in general, that femininity can be a risk factor to the development of ED. Studies indicated that endorsing a gender role that is socially considered discrepant from biological sex, despite feminine or masculine, is related to ED symptomatology. Moreover, body dissatisfaction is positively correlated to sexual dysfunction. Interventions targeting prevention of ED should include sexuality-related issues by approaching probable negative consequences of adhering to female gender role social requirements and stereotypes, especially those related to body weight and body shape.

Prevention and early help for eating disorders in young people with type 1 diabetes

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910452199417
Author(s):  
Rosie Oldham-Cooper ◽  
Claire Semple
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Young People ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Team Collaboration ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Specialist Services

There is building evidence that early intervention is key to improving outcomes in eating disorders, whereas a ‘watch and wait’ approach that has been commonplace among GPs and other healthcare professionals is now strongly discouraged. Eating disorders occur at approximately twice the rate in individuals with type 1 diabetes compared to the general population. In this group, standard eating disorder treatments have poorer outcomes, and eating disorders result in a particularly high burden of morbidity. Therefore, our first priority must be prevention, with early intervention where disordered eating has already developed. Clinicians working in both eating disorders and diabetes specialist services have highlighted the need for multidisciplinary team collaboration and specific training, as well as improved treatments. We review the current evidence and future directions for prevention, identification and early intervention for eating disorders in children and young people with type 1 diabetes.

scholarly journals Polyphenols and Cognition In Humans: An Overview of Current Evidence from Recent Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Daniel Joseph Lamport ◽  
Claire Michelle Williams
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
Cognitive Benefits ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

There is increasing interest in the impact of dietary influences on the brain throughout the lifespan, ranging from improving cognitive development in children through to attenuating ageing related cognitive decline and reducing risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Polyphenols, phytochemicals naturally present in a host of fruits, vegetables, tea, cocoa and other foods, have received particular attention in this regard, and there is now a substantial body of evidence from experimental and epidemiological studies examining whether their consumption is associated with cognitive benefits. The purpose of this overview is to synthesise and evaluate the best available evidence from two sources, namely meta-analyses and systematic reviews, in order to give an accurate reflection of the current evidence base for an association between polyphenols and cognitive benefits. Four meta-analyses and thirteen systematic reviews published between 2017–2020 were included, and were categorised according to whether they reviewed specific polyphenol-rich foods and classes or all polyphenols. A requirement for inclusion was assessment of a behavioural cognitive outcome in humans. A clear and consistent theme emerged that whilst there is support for an association between polyphenol consumption and cognitive benefits, this conclusion is tentative, and by no means definitive. Considerable methodological heterogeneity was repeatedly highlighted as problematic such that the current evidence base does not support reliable conclusions relating to efficacy of specific doses, duration of treatment, or sensitivity in specific populations or certain cognitive domains. The complexity of multiple interactions between a range of direct and indirect mechanisms of action is discussed. Further research is required to strengthen the reliability of the evidence base.

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