scholarly journals Untangling the merger history of massive black holes withLISA

2002 ◽  
Vol 331 (3) ◽  
pp. 805-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A. Hughes
2004 ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Volonteri ◽  
Francesco Haardt ◽  
Piero Madau ◽  
Alberto Sesana

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Manuel Trashorras ◽  
Juan García-Bellido ◽  
Savvas Nesseris

We explore the possibility that Dark Matter (DM) may be explained by a nonuniform background of approximately stellar mass clusters of Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) by simulating the evolution from recombination to the present with over 5000 realisations using a Newtonian N-body code. We compute the cluster rate of evaporation and extract the binary and merged sub-populations along with their parent and merger tree histories, lifetimes and formation rates, the dynamical and orbital parameter profiles, the degree of mass segregation and dynamical friction and power spectrum of close encounters. Overall, we find that PBHs can constitute a viable DM candidate, and that their clustering presents a rich phenomenology throughout the history of the Universe. We show that binary systems constitute about 9.5% of all PBHs at present, with mass ratios of q¯B=0.154, and total masses of m¯T,B=303M⊙. Merged PBHs are rare, about 0.0023% of all PBHs at present, with mass ratios of q¯B=0.965 with total and chirp masses of m¯T,B=1670M⊙ and m¯c,M=642M⊙, respectively. We find that cluster puffing up and evaporation leads to bubbles of these PBHs of order 1 kpc containing at present times about 36% of objects and mass, with one-hundred pc-sized cores. We also find that these PBH sub-haloes are distributed in wider PBH haloes of order hundreds of kpc, containing about 63% of objects and mass, coinciding with the sizes of galactic halos. We find at last high rates of close encounters of massive Black Holes (M∼1000M⊙), with ΓS=(1.2+5.9−0.9)×107yr−1Gpc−3 and mergers with ΓM=1337±41yr−1Gpc−3.


2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohei Inayoshi ◽  
Eli Visbal ◽  
Zoltán Haiman

The existence of ∼109M⊙ supermassive black holes (SMBHs) within the first billion years of the Universe has stimulated numerous ideas for the prompt formation and rapid growth of black holes (BHs) in the early Universe. Here, we review ways in which the seeds of massive BHs may have first assembled, how they may have subsequently grown as massive as ∼109M⊙, and how multimessenger observations could distinguish between different SMBH assembly scenarios. We conclude the following: ▪  The ultrarare ∼109 M⊙ SMBHs represent only the tip of the iceberg. Early BHs likely fill a continuum from the stellar-mass (∼10M⊙) to the supermassive (∼109) regimes, reflecting a range of initial masses and growth histories. ▪  Stellar-mass BHs were likely left behind by the first generation of stars at redshifts as high as ∼30, but their initial growth typically was stunted due to the shallow potential wells of their host galaxies. ▪  Conditions in some larger, metal-poor galaxies soon became conducive to the rapid formation and growth of massive seed holes, via gas accretion and by mergers in dense stellar clusters. ▪  BH masses depend on the environment (such as the number and properties of nearby radiation sources and the local baryonic streaming velocity) and on the metal enrichment and assembly history of the host galaxy. ▪  Distinguishing between assembly mechanisms will be difficult, but a combination of observations by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (probing massive BH growth via mergers) and by deep multiwavelength electromagnetic observations (probing growth via gas accretion) is particularly promising.


2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. S943-S954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Berti ◽  
Alessandra Buonanno ◽  
Clifford M Will

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (S290) ◽  
pp. 259-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Rong Li ◽  
Jian-Min Wang ◽  
Luis C. Ho

AbstractWe derive the mass function of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) over the redshift range 0 > z ≲ 2, using the latest deep luminosity and mass functions of field galaxies. Applying this mass function, combined with the bolometric luminosity function of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), into the the continuity equation of SMBH number density, we explicitly obtain the mass-dependent cosmological evolution of the radiative efficiency for accretion. We suggest that the accretion history of SMBHs and their spins evolve in two distinct regimes: an early phase of prolonged accretion, plausibly driven by major mergers, during which the black hole spins up, then switching to a period of random, episodic accretion, governed by minor mergers and internal secular processes, during which the hole spins down. The transition epoch depends on mass, mirroring other evidence for “cosmic downsizing” in the AGN population.


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