Pathogenicity to western larch (Larix occidentalis) of two fungi, Ophiostoma pseudotsugae and Leptographium abietinum, associated with the Douglas fir beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany A. Neal ◽  
Darrell W. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Larix Occidentalis ◽  
Western Larch

scholarly journals Root Growth Potential and Microsite Effects on Conifer Seedling Establishment in Northern Idaho

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 597
Author(s):  
Jacob A. Reely ◽  
Andrew S. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Seedling Quality ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Larix Occidentalis ◽  
Root Growth Potential ◽  
Western Larch ◽  
Neighborhood Conditions ◽  
Seedling Performance ◽  
Survival And Growth

Environmental conditions and seedling quality interact to produce complex patterns of seedling survival and growth. Root growth potential (RGP) is one metric of seedling quality that can be rapidly measured prior to planting, but the correlation of RGP and seedling performance is not consistent across studies. Site factors including microsite objects that cast shade and competing vegetation can also influence seedling performance. We examined the effects of RGP, presence/absence of a microsite object, and competition cover on the survival and growth of three native conifers to the Inland Northwest, USA, over 5 years. We found that RGP had no effect on the survival or growth of western larch (Larix occidentalis), Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca), and grand fir (Abies grandis) at a mesic north aspect site and a xeric south aspect site. Comparatively, the presence of a microsite increased the odds of survival by 37% for western larch and 158% for grand fir, while the absence of forb cover increased the odds of survival of western larch by 72% and of grand fir by 26%. Douglas fir was less sensitive to microsites and competition. The strong effects of neighborhood conditions around seedlings help inform silvicultural practices to enhance the establishment of western larch and grand fir, including planting seedlings near shading objects and competition control, while these practices may not be as important for Douglas fir.

Tree species selection revisited for plantations in the Interior Cedar Hemlock zone of southern British Columbia

2013 ◽  
Vol 89 (03) ◽  
pp. 382-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Vyse ◽  
Michelle R. Cleary ◽  
Ian R. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Species Selection ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Pinus Monticola ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Larix Occidentalis ◽  
Western Larch ◽  
Western White Pine

We provide results from two trials comparing performance of species of known provenance planted on logged sites in the southern Interior Cedar Hemlock biogeoclimatic zone of southern British Columbia 20 and 26 years after establishment. The commonly used plantation species, lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia), interior spruce (a naturally occurring hybrid between Picea glauca and P. engelmannii) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca), survived as well as, but grew more slowly than, western larch (Larix occidentalis), western white pine (Pinus monticola) and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), and faster than western redcedar (Thuja plicata). Site index values were generally higher than published values for similar sites. Numerous pests affected all species in the trials. Mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) caused heavy mortality in lodgepole pine in part of one trial, and Armillaria root disease caused widespread damage to western larch and Douglas-fir in the other trial. Western white pine from local seed sources were severely damaged by white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola) in both trials but a rust-resistant seed source used in one trial survived better. Frost damage reduced survival and growth of Douglas-fir in one trial and may have affected western white pine. Survival of two planted broadleaves (Betula papyrifera) and a hybrid of black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa) and black poplar (Populus nigra) was severely reduced by drought. The results support ongoing efforts to broaden the number of species used in British Columbia reforestation programs.

Diameter Growth Losses in Western Larch Caused by Larch Casebearer Defoliation

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 105-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rene I. Alfaro ◽  
Liang Qiwei ◽  
John Vallentgoed
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Larix Occidentalis ◽  
Western Larch ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Coleophora Laricella

Abstract The diameter growth of western larch, Larix occidentalis, was studied in two stands defoliated by the larch casebearer, Coleophora laricella. Before defoliation, the growth pattern of larch was highly synchronized (correlation coefficient ≥0.82) with that of Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii, a nonhost for the casebearer on the same site, indicating that both species were under the influence of the same environmental factors. During the defoliation years, the growth of larch was only loosely related to the growth of Douglas-fir. A model which predicted growth of larch based on growth of Douglas-fir indicated that defoliation caused a loss of approximately 29% in the breast height diameter growth of larch. West. J. Appl. For. 6(4):105-108.

scholarly journals Fall Planting and Tree Shelters for Reforestation in the East Washington Cascades

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Taylor ◽  
Diane L. Haase ◽  
Robin L. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Larix Occidentalis ◽  
Western Larch ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Tree Shelters

Abstract Reforestation on harsh, high-elevation sites near the crest of the Cascade Mountains in Washington can be challenging because of persistent snowpack and extreme climatic variation. The use of tree shelters was investigated with two species, Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) and western larch (Larix occidentalis Nutt.), on two Yakama Nation sites across three fall planting dates. For both species, seedlings inside tree shelters had increased survival compared with nonsheltered seedlings after one growing season despite increased damage by crushing from snowpack. Volumetric soil moisture content on the western larch site increased from 10% to 17% between the first and second planting dates, resulting in no effect of planting date on western larch survival. On the Douglas-fir site, however, soil moisture content was below 12% for all fall planting dates, resulting in only 2% survival for those seedlings planted on the first planting date. First-season seedling growth was unaffected by planting date or tree shelter treatment for both species. These results indicate the critical importance of soil moisture at time of planting and onset of precipitation after planting. Use of tree shelters may improve seedling survival on a harsh, high-elevation site, but it increases potential seedling damage because of crushing by snowpack.

Determination of Dihydroquercetin in Douglas Fir and Western Larch Wood

1958 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Barton ◽  
J. A. F. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Western Larch ◽  
Larch Wood

Black Bear Damage to Thinned Timber Stands in Northwest Montana

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Mason ◽  
David L. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Black Bear ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Abies Lasiocarpa ◽  
Pinus Monticola ◽  
Larix Occidentalis ◽  
Western Larch ◽  
Engelmann Spruce ◽  
Northwest Montana

Abstract Bear damage was at least five times higher in thinned blocks than in adjacent unthinned blocks of western larch (Larix occidentalis), lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), and Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii) on the Kootenai National Forest in northwest Montana. Western larch suffered the greatest damage (63% of all trees damaged and 92% of the trees killed). Damaged larch ranged from 4 to 13 in. dbh; the 4 to 8-in. dbh class accounted for 85% of the damage. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), western redcedar (Thuja plicata), subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa), western white pine (Pinus monticola), and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) were not damaged. Stand projections showed up to a 17% reduction in board-foot yield from bear damage, after 50 years, compared with hypothetical undamaged stands. West. J. Appl. For. 4(1):10-13, January 1989.

scholarly journals Larch Seed Trees Sustain Arboreal Lichens and Encourage Recolonization of Regenerating Stands

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred L. Bunnell ◽  
Trevor Goward ◽  
Isabelle Houde ◽  
Curtis Björk
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Larix Occidentalis ◽  
Western Larch ◽  
Source Tree ◽  
Winter Food ◽  
The Difference

Abstract In many areas Bryoria lichen is a major winter food for deer and caribou. We examined the role of western larch (Larix occidentalis) seed trees in retaining arboreal lichens and encouraging recolonization of regenerating stands by Bryoria. Although exposed to desiccation, Bryoria was sustained in significant amounts in larch seed trees. Other than a reduction near roads, apparently by alkaline road dust, arboreal forage lichens were relatively uniformly distributed throughout the regenerating stands. There was little difference in abundance up to 135 m from the source tree. The sorediate form of the lichens did better on lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), and larger, nonsorediate fragments were more abundant on western larch. We attribute the difference to bark pH. Scattered western larch seed trees were effective at retaining lichens and facilitating recolonization of the regenerating stand.

scholarly journals Wood Changes in Four Size Classes of Fire-Killed Western Larch

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Marcus B. Jackson ◽  
Beverly M. Bulaon ◽  
Michael A. Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Size Class ◽  
Larix Occidentalis ◽  
Western Larch ◽  
Wood Volume ◽  
Size Classes ◽  
Decay Wood ◽  
Large Trees

Abstract Four size classes (8–12, 12.1–16, 16.1–20, and 20.1+ in. dbh) of fire-killed western larch (Larix occidentalis) were monitored and dissected over a 5-year period to assess causes and rates ofpostfire wood changes. Defect and merchantable volume were assessed by a certified scaler during the first 3 years. A greater proportion of wood volume in small trees was affected by decay, wood borers, and checks than in the large trees. Half of the 8‐12 in. dbh size class wood volumewas lost to postfire defects, whereas less than 15% of the 20.1+ in. dbh size class wood volume was lost to postfire defects after 3 years.

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