scholarly journals Primary and secondary host plants differ in leaf-level photosynthetic response to herbivory: evidence from Alnus and Betula grazed by the alder beetle, Agelastica alni

1998 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. OLEKSYN ◽  
P. KAROLEWSKI ◽  
M. J. GIERTYCH ◽  
R. ZYTKOWIAK ◽  
P. B. REICH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Photosynthetic Response ◽  
Leaf Level ◽  
Secondary Host Plants

Olfactory activity of ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate on adult oriental fruit moths

2010 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Molinari ◽  
Gianfranco Anfora ◽  
Silvia Schmidt ◽  
Michela Villa ◽  
Claudio Ioriatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Cydia Molesta ◽  
Pear Ester ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Secondary Host Plants ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

AbstractWe investigated whether or not pear ester (ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate) attracted adult oriental fruit moths, Cydia molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). The electroantennographic responses of C. molesta to pear ester were recorded and dose–response curves calculated. In laboratory bioassays, the attractiveness of different dosages was assessed in a dual-choice olfactometric arena. The responses of virgin males and females to pear ester in the presence and absence of pear (Pyrus communis L.), peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.), and apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) (Rosaceae) shoots were evaluated. Electroantennographic recordings demonstrated that both male and female C. molesta were able to detect the pear ester. In our bioassay, however, pear ester readily attracted males but attracted very few females. The response of males was dose-dependent and they preferred pear ester over apple- and pear-shoot volatiles, whereas no apparent preference between pear ester and peach-shoot volatiles was observed. Therefore, this kairomonal compound could be more effective in attracting C. molesta when applied in orchards of secondary host plants, like apple or pear, than in peach orchards.

Observations on the life-history of Alarodia nana (Möschler) (Lep., Limacodidae) in Jamaica and a method for its control on Citrus

1967 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-386
Author(s):  
J. Strangways-Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
History Of ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Secondary Host Plants ◽  
Work Done

Alarodia nana (Möschler) (Lepidoptera, Limacodidae) is a major pest of Citrus in Jamaica. An outbreak of the larvae, the ‘ slug caterpillar ’, may result in severe defoliation. All stages are found on the foliage and are present throughtout the year; the adults are inactive by day and appear to be weak fliers.Earlier attempts to breed the insect in the laboratory had been unsuccessful, and, whereas attempts at control had indicated that malathion was effective against the larvae, reingestation had invariably taken place, well-grown larvae being found five weeks after treatment.In the present work, done in 1963–4, adults that emerged from field-collected cocoons held in wire-mesh cages over Citrus plants in the laboratory mated on the night of emergence and the females oviposited readily on the following night. A technique for rearing individual larvae and for measuring their head capsules is described. In the laboratory at a mean midday temperature of about 27°C., the incubation period of the eggs was 6–8 days, and the durations of the larval and pupal phases 25–42 and 14–19 days, respectively.Results of a search for secondary host-plants from which reinfestation might take place were negative. Observations of emergence in the laboratory of adults from cocoons collected just before and just after the application to an orchard of a low-volume malathion spray derived from a 57 per cent. emulsifiable concentrate by dilution at the rate of 1: 80 in water showed that many pupae had survived the application, and suggested that reinfestation might arise from moths emerging from such pupae.A field trial comprising two application of the low-volume spray of malathion was carried out; the second application, designed to destroy larvae derived from pupae that had survived the first application, was made after an interval of 312; weeks and was completely successcful.

Morphological discrimination of six species of the genus Anuraphis (Hemiptera: Aphididae), including description of a new species

2003 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
pp. 839-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastiano Barbagallo ◽  
Giuseppe E. Cocuzza
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Discriminant Functions ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Italian Peninsula ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Western Palaearctic ◽  
Secondary Host Plants ◽  
A New Species

AbstractThe most relevant morphometric characteristics of six species of the genus Anuraphis Del Guercio were compared. Anuraphis shaposhnikovisp. nov. is described and its morphological differences from the closely related species Anuraphis subterranea are presented. The new species was collected in Sicily and in the central area of the Italian peninsula on Magydaris pastinacea (Lam.) Paol. (Apiaceae) and Opopanax chironium (L.) Koch (Apiaceae), which are its secondary host plants. A key to the viviparous morphs (apterae and alatae) of the seven western Palaearctic species living on secondary hosts is provided. Discriminant functions have been derived to separate both apterae and alatae of A. shaposhnikovi and A. subterranea.

Macrosiphum euphorbiae (potato aphid).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Whittaker
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Spring Migration ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Potato Aphid ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Secondary Host Plants

Abstract Host-alternating populations of M. euphorbiae disperse through migratory flights in the spring and autumn. The spring migration takes aphids from the over-wintering host-plant (Rosa spp.) to a wide range of secondary host-plants, including potato, tomato, lettuce and other cultivated plants. Non-host alternating populations can survive year-round on secondary hosts, especially in greenhouse and other indoor environments. Aphids can be carried on foliage in trade. There is little evidence to suggest that the geographical range of this aphid is currently expanding.

scholarly journals THE BIOLOGICAL CYCLE OF THE PLUM MEALY APHID (Hyalopterus pruni Geoffr.) ON THE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS FROM S.D. BANU MĂRĂCINE, CRAIOVA

1970 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Ţucă ◽  
I Mitrea ◽  
C. Stan
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Migratory Species ◽  
Biological Cycle ◽  
Hyalopterus Pruni ◽  
Main Host ◽  
Secondary Host Plants ◽  
Plum Tree

The plum mealy aphid Hyalopterus pruni Geoffr. is one of the main pest of the plum orchard at the S. D. Banu Maracine. An important link for controling this pest is the knowledge of the biological cycle, in order to establish the best moment for the treatments. The plum mealy aphid is an migratory species, with an holocyclic, dioecious development. This species produce damages in the plum orchard from Europe, Asia and northern Africa. The main host plant is the plum tree or other species belonging to the Prunus genra and as secondary host the plum mealy aphid prefere different graminaceae species as: Phragmites, Calamagrostis, Agrostis, etc. The research regarding the biology and ecology of the plum mealy aphid has been made at the Didactical Station Banu Maracine, Craiova, in a plum orchard, Stanley variety. During the 3 years of research the period for layings eggs has oscilated between 23 days in 2004 and 31days in 2002.The development of the fundatrix, has been framed between 24 days in 2004 and 29 days in 2003. In 2002 the development of the fundatrix has been completed after 26 days. During the climatic conditions of 2002-2004, there has been developed 4 generations of wingless aphid (2002 and 2004), respectively 5 generations in 2003. These 4, 5 generations have phased from the second or third decade of April untill the second half of July. From our observations regarding the development on the secondary host plants, it come out that the first generation has completed it development, function the climatic conditions, in 7 to 11 days. There has been phased 8-9 generations of winged and wingless form, untill September and even October. The last generation has ensured the appearance of the sexuparae form, which has migrated in the plum orchard and give birth to the sexuale forms. The laying of hibernating eggs, begun in October, phasing to the first decade of November.

scholarly journals Patterns of coordination of the development of Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Aphididae) and its primary and secondary host plants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.S. Gandrabur ◽  
◽  
A.B. Vereschagina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Secondary Host Plants

For example of the bird cherry-oat aphid, the analysis of the timing of development in the “plant-phytophage” system in heterocyclic aphids with alternation of the primary (winter, arboreal) host plant to the secondary (summer, herbaceous) ones was done. The similarity in the phenology of colonization by aphids of primary and secondary hosts was shown. The features of the stages of plant organogenesis and the formation of the number of aphids in connection with their harmfulness are noted. Modeling shifts in the synchronization of the work of this trophic system contributes to its destabilization.

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