Lipid Composition of Neuronal Cell Bodies and Neurites from Cultured Dorsal Root Ganglia

2002 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 424-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. O. Calderon ◽  
B. Attema ◽  
G. H. DeVries
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Root Ganglia ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Neuronal Cell Bodies

scholarly journals Notochord grafts do not suppress formation of neural crest cells or commissural neurons

Development ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 877-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.B. Artinger ◽  
M. Bronner-Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglia ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Floor Plate ◽  
Commissural Neurons ◽  
Neuronal Cell Bodies

Grafting experiments previously have established that the notochord affects dorsoventral polarity of the neural tube by inducing the formation of ventral structures such as motor neurons and the floor plate. Here, we examine if the notochord inhibits formation of dorsal structures by grafting a notochord within or adjacent to the dorsal neural tube prior to or shortly after tube closure. In all cases, neural crest cells emigrated from the neural tube adjacent to the ectopic notochord. When analyzed at stages after ganglion formation, the dorsal root ganglia appeared reduced in size and shifted in position in embryos receiving grafts. Another dorsal cell type, commissural neurons, identified by CRABP and neurofilament immunoreactivity, differentiated in the vicinity of the ectopic notochord. Numerous neuronal cell bodies and axonal processes were observed within the induced, but not endogenous, floor plate 1 to 2 days after implantation but appeared to be cleared with time. These results suggest that dorsally implanted notochords cannot prevent the formation of neural crest cells or commissural neurons, but can alter the size and position of neural crest-derived dorsal root ganglia.

Satellite cells of dorsal root ganglia are multipotential glial precursors

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
ÅSA FEX SVENNINGSEN ◽  
DAVID R. COLMAN ◽  
LILIANA PEDRAZA
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Cell ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglia ◽  
Satellite Cells ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Neuronal Cell Bodies ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Clear Delineation ◽  
Glial Fate ◽  
Original Cell

The evolutionary origin of myelinating cells in the vertebrate nervous system remains a mystery. A clear delineation of the developmental potentialities of neuronal support cells in the CNS and PNS might aid in formulating a hypothesis about the origins of myelinating cells. Although a glial-precursor cell in the CNS can differentiate into oligodendrocytes (OLs), Schwann cells (SCs) and astrocytes, a homologous multipotential cell has not yet been found in the PNS. Here, we identify a cell type of embryonic dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of the PNS – the satellite cell – that develops into OLs, SCs and astrocytes. Interestingly, satellite-cell-derived OL precursors were found in cultures prepared from embryonic day 17 (E17) to postnatal day 8 (P8) ganglia, but not from adult DRGs, revealing a narrow developmental window for multipotentiality. We suggest that compromising the organization of the ganglia triggers a differentiation pathway in a subpopulation of satellite cells, inducing them to become myelinating cells with either a CNS or PNS phenotype. Our data provide an additional, novel piece in the myelinating-cell-precursor puzzle, and lead to the concept that cells in the CNS and PNS that function to ensheath neuronal cell bodies and axons can differentiate into OLs, SCs and astrocytes. In sum, it appears that glial fate might be determined over and above the CNS/PNS dichotomy. Last, we suggest that primordial ensheathing cells form the original cell population in which the myelination program first evolved.

Non-neuronal cell cultures from dorsal root ganglia of the adult cat: production of schwann-like cell lines

1981 ◽  
Vol 229 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean R. Wrathall ◽  
Donald D. Rigamonti ◽  
Mark R. Braford ◽  
Carl C. Kao
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglia ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Neuronal Cell Cultures ◽  
Adult Cat

Granular cells: A new indicator of neuronal cell death in the spinal ganglia of the rat

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 34-35
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Imel ◽  
J. Franklin Bailey ◽  
Mark DeSantis
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Root Ganglia ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Neuronal Cell Death ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Spinal Ganglia ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Rat Pups ◽  
Dense Bodies

Damage to axons in the neonatal mammal results in the death of the affected neurons rather than survival and axonal regeneration as generally seen in the adult. This phenomenon has been well documented using indirect methods such as counting cells in histological sections of the experimentally damaged versus control tissue. Recent experiments have shown that cells with osmiophilic dense bodies, which have been termed “granules”, become apparent at the light microscopic level in ipsilateral lumbar dorsal root ganglia after destruction of the sciatic nerve on that side in neonatal rats. Within 84 - 96 hours after the lesion, the rat pups were anesthetized, perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde and the ganglia post-fixed in 1% unbuffered osmium tetroxide for at least 72 hours. Such a lengthy exposure to osmium was found to be necessary to visualize the granules.This offers the possibility of using these granules as a direct indicator of neuronal death in the lumbar dorsal root ganglia. The cells containing these granules were usually chromatolytic neuronal somata which had an eccentrically positioned nucleus (when a nucleus or nuclear remnant was still present) and peripheral aggregation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (i.e. Nissl bodies).

scholarly journals miR-129-5p and miR-130a-3p Regulate VEGFR-2 Expression in Sensory and Motor Neurons during Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Glaesel ◽  
Caroline May ◽  
Katrin Marcus ◽  
Veronika Matschke ◽  
Carsten Theiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Root Ganglia ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Vegf Receptor ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Expression Control ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

The wide-ranging influence of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) within the central (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS), for example through effects on axonal growth or neuronal cell survival, is mainly mediated by VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2). However, the regulation of VEGFR-2 expression during development is not yet well understood. As microRNAs are considered to be key players during neuronal maturation and regenerative processes, we identified the two microRNAs (miRNAs)—miR-129-5p and miR-130a-3p—that may have an impact on VEGFR-2 expression in young and mature sensory and lower motor neurons. The expression level of VEGFR-2 was analyzed by using in situ hybridization, RT-qPCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry in developing rats. microRNAs were validated within the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia. To unveil the molecular impact of our candidate microRNAs, dissociated cell cultures of sensory and lower motor neurons were transfected with mimics and inhibitors. We depicted age-dependent VEGFR-2 expression in sensory and lower motor neurons. In detail, in lower motor neurons, VEGFR-2 expression was significantly reduced during maturation, in conjunction with an increased level of miR-129-5p. In sensory dorsal root ganglia, VEGFR-2 expression increased during maturation and was accompanied by an overexpression of miR-130a-3p. In a second step, the functional significance of these microRNAs with respect to VEGFR-2 expression was proven. Whereas miR-129-5p seems to decrease VEGFR-2 expression in a direct manner in the CNS, miR-130a-3p might indirectly control VEGFR-2 expression in the PNS. A detailed understanding of genetic VEGFR-2 expression control might promote new strategies for the treatment of severe neurological diseases like ischemia or peripheral nerve injury.

scholarly journals Improved immunoelectron microscopic method for localizing cytoskeletal proteins in Lowicryl K4M embedded tissues.

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 1477-1485 ◽  
Author(s):  
K E Loesser ◽  
K J Doane ◽  
F J Wilson ◽  
F J Roisen ◽  
S Malamed
Keyword(s):  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglia ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Cytoskeletal Proteins ◽  
Modified Technique ◽  
Adrenocortical Cells ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Lowicryl K4m

We have modified the Lowicryl K4M low-temperature dehydration and embedding procedure for immunoelectron microscopy to provide improved ultrastructural detail and facilitate the localization of actin and tubulin in isolated rat adrenocortical cells, chick spinal cord with attached dorsal root ganglia (SC-DRG), and cultured dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Cells and tissues were fixed for immunocytochemistry either in a mixture of 2% paraformaldehyde and 0.25% glutaraldehyde (0.1 M PIPES buffer, pH 7.3) or in a mixture of 0.3% glutaraldehyde and 1.0% ethyldimethylaminopropylcarbodiimide (0.1 M phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.3). Dehydration was in ethanol at progressively lower temperatures to -35 degrees C. Infiltration at -35 degrees C was followed by ultraviolet polymerization at -20 degrees C. Comparable samples were fixed in glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide and embedded in Epon 812 or Epon-Araldite. Post-embedding immunostaining of thin sections utilized commercially available monoclonal antibodies to tubulin and actin followed by the protein A-gold technique (Roth et al., Endocrinology 108:247, 1981). Actin immunoreactivity was observed at the periphery of mitochondria and between mitochondria and lipid droplets in rat adrenocortical cells and at the periphery of neuronal cell processes of SC-DRG. Tubulin immunoreactivity was associated with microtubules throughout neurites of cultured DRG. Our modified technique allows preservation of ultrastructural details as well as localization of antigens by immunoelectron microscopy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document