Modeling Problems in Conservation Genetics with Brassica rapa: Genetic Variation and Fitness in Plants under Mild, Stable Conditions

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1542-1554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla A. Wise ◽  
Tom A. Ranker ◽  
Yan B. Linhart
PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Bilska ◽  
Monika Szczecińska

BackgroundResearch into the protection of rare and endangered plant species involves genetic analyses to determine their genetic variation and genetic structure. Various categories of genetic markers are used for this purpose. Microsatellites, also known as simple sequence repeats (SSR), are the most popular category of markers in population genetics research. In most cases, microsatellites account for a large part of the noncoding DNA and exert a neutral effect on the genome. Neutrality is a desirable feature in evaluations of genetic differences between populations, but it does not support analyses of a population’s ability to adapt to a given environment or its evolutionary potential. Despite the numerous advantages of microsatellites, non-neutral markers may supply important information in conservation genetics research. They are used to evaluate adaptation to specific environmental conditions and a population’s adaptive potential. The aim of this study was to compare the level of genetic variation inPulsatilla patenspopulations revealed by neutral SSR markers and putatively adaptive ISJ markers (intron-exon splice junction).MethodsThe experiment was conducted on 14 Polish populations ofP. patensand threeP. patenspopulations from the nearby region of Vitebsk in Belarus. A total of 345 individuals were examined. Analyses were performed with the use of eight SSR primers specific toP. patensand three ISJ primers.ResultsSSR markers revealed a higher level of genetic variation than ISJ markers (He= 0.609,He= 0.145, respectively). An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that, the overall genetic diversity between the analyzed populations defined by parametersFSTand ΦPTfor SSR (20%) and ΦPTfor ISJ (21%) markers was similar. Analysis conducted in theStructureprogram divided analyzed populations into two groups (SSR loci) and three groups (ISJ markers). Mantel test revealed correlations between the geographic distance and genetic diversity of Polish populations ofP. patensfor ISJ markers, but not for SSR markers.ConclusionsThe results of the present study suggest that ISJ markers can complement the analyses based on SSRs. However, neutral and adaptive markers should not be alternatively applied. Neutral microsatellite markers cannot depict the full range of genetic variation in a population because they do not enable to analyze functional variation. Although ISJ markers are less polymorphic, they can contribute to the reliability of analyses based on SSRs.


2013 ◽  
Vol 199 (6) ◽  
pp. 424-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annisa ◽  
S. Chen ◽  
N. C. Turner ◽  
W. A. Cowling

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Shapcott

Triunia robusta, which until recently was thought to be extinct, is now classified nationally as endangered. It is an understorey species restricted to the subcoastal rainforests in a small region of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland. The project involved sampling the genetic variation and measuring the population size and size distribution of T. robusta and its geographically closest congener T. youngiana, which occurs further south and has a wider geographic distribution. A total of 877 T. robusta plants were recorded across the 11 populations, approximately half (56.8%) of these were juveniles less than 1 m tall, whereas in T. youngiana only about 36.4% of a population was composed of juveniles. Genetic diversity was similar but significantly higher for T. robusta than T. youngiana if the very small T. robusta populations (2 or 3 plants) were excluded from analysis (P < 0.05). The mean percentage of polymorphic loci among populations was high for both species. Triunia robusta is not, on average, more inbred than the more common T. youngiana. There was more differentiation between the T. robusta populations, which were in close proximity, than between the more geographically separated T. youngiana populations. Thus, there is evidence of more gene flow between populations of T. youngiana than between those of T. robusta. However, there was no geographic relationship between genetic similarity and geographic proximity in T. robusta


2012 ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Hongju He ◽  
Lou Ping ◽  
G. Bonnema ◽  
M. Dekker ◽  
R. Verkerk

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. McKenzie ◽  
D. W. Cooper

The Parma Wallaby Macropus parma, native only to Australia, exemplifies a number of issues currently under discussion regarding the conservation of Australian marsupials. Thought to be extinct in the earlier part of this century, an expatriate population was identified on Kawau Island, New Zealand in 1967. These animals were used to supply zoos and captive breeding colonies throughout the world. Subsequently, parma populations were rediscovered in the Great Dividing Range of New South Wales, Australia. The Australian populations are small and inhabit severely restricted localities where they are highly vulnerable to predation and further habitat loss. Strategies for the preservation of parmas in Australia include the reintroduction of parmas either directly from Kawau Island or from established captive colonies. However, the founder number of Parma Wallabies on Kawau Island is unknown, hence it is possible the New Zealand derived parmas have a restricted genetic base compromising their suitability for reintroduction programmes. Additionally, there is a possibility that introgression has occurred between parmas and Black-striped Wallabies Macropus dorsalis on the island. Here we report that the level of genetic variation in New Zealand derived Parma Wallabies is not markedly reduced, and that no detectable introgression has taken place between Parma and Black-striped Wallabies. Indeed, re-examination of records casts doubt upon the suggestion that Black-stripes were introduced to Kawau Island.


2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahman Md. Mukhlesur . ◽  
Yutaka Hirata . ◽  
Shah-E-Alam .

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