Quantitation of passively acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies in AIDS patients transfused with a plasma that is rich in HIV antibodies

Transfusion ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 734-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ Lefrere ◽  
F Roudot-Thoraval ◽  
D Vittecoq ◽  
F Heshmati ◽  
F Audat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Antibodies

scholarly journals CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells are not a major reservoir of the human immunodeficiency virus

Blood ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1281-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
D von Laer ◽  
FT Hufert ◽  
TE Fenner ◽  
S Schwander ◽  
M Dietrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Progenitor ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Proviral Dna ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Hematologic abnormalities occur in the majority of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Infection of the hematopoietic progenitor cells has been proposed as a potential explanation. In this study, different bone marrow cell populations, including the CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells, were purified by a fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) and analyzed for the presence of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) proviral DNA using the polymerase chain reaction. A group of 14 patients with AIDS or AIDS- related complex (ARC) was studied (11 with peripheral blood cytopenias). The CD4+ helper cells in the bone marrow were found positive for HIV-1 DNA in all patients. In contrast, CD34+ progenitor cells were positive in only one patient. Two monocyte samples and two samples of CD4-/CD34- lymphocytes/blasts (mainly B and CD8 lymphocytes) were positive. Proviral DNA could not be detected in granulocytes. FACS analysis showed that the percentage of CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells was not altered in the bone marrow of AIDS patients in comparison with the HIV-1 seronegative controls. In contrast, the number of CD4+ lymphocytes was markedly reduced in the bone marrow of AIDS patients. These results show that the hematologic abnormalities in AIDS patients are neither explained by direct infection of the hematopoietic progenitor cells with HIV-1 nor by a depletion of progenitor cells.

scholarly journals Early Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Specific B-Lymphocyte-Derived Antibodies in a High-Risk Population

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1060-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odd Odinsen ◽  
David Parker ◽  
Frans Radebe ◽  
Mikey Guness ◽  
David A Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Antibodies ◽  
P24 Antigen ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Diagnosis of acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, a key driver of the HIV epidemic, remains a public health challenge. The PlasmAcute technology offers an opportunity to detect early anti-HIV antibody responses. B lymphocytes (B cells) were isolated from the blood of seronegative miners in South Africa by using the PlasmAcute method. B-cell lysates and paired sera were tested for anti-HIV-1 antibodies by two different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays; immunoreactivity was confirmed by Western blotting. All volunteers were tested for HIV type 1 (HIV-1) viral load, p24 antigen, and CD4 count. Sera from HIV-seronegative men who had positive viral loads and were positive for p24 antigen were retested for anti-HIV antibodies after immune complex dissociation. Anti-HIV antibodies were detected in lysates from 16/259 subjects without immunoreactivity in paired sera. Four subjects, one of whom had a positive viral load initially, subsequently seroconverted. Six subjects showed transient anti-HIV-1 antibodies in the lysates and tested negative for all markers at the follow-up. Five subjects without follow-up data initially had lysate-positive/serum-negative samples, and these cases were classified as inconclusive. One subject had lysate antibodies and a detectable viral load but was seronegative at follow-up. In conclusion, lysate-derived anti-HIV-1 B-cell antibodies can be detected prior to seroconversion and earlier than or contemporary with HIV-1 RNA detection.

Aids-Associated Viral Infections

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1098-1099
Author(s):  
Sara E. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
Thin Sectioning ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Life Threatening

Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) eventually causes a profound decrease in the body's ability to eradicate or control infections with microorganisms, including viruses. Some infections in AIDS patients are due to common organisms which are of little significance in immunocompetent individuals. Other organisms can be harbored continuously, occasionally causing disease, but normally being suppressed after a heightened immune defense; in AIDS patients, these infections can be life-threatening. Further, practices that predispose to HIV infection also permit entry of other organisms, such as hepatitis and herpesviruses. Electron microscopy is beneficial as an adjunct to other modalities for viral detection. Methods for identifying viruses, both in fluids by negative staining and in tissues by thin sectioning, have been published. Some viral pathogens, including HIV itself, are best documented by other means.HIV has been demonstrated by EM in infected individuals, but because it destroys and makes scarce the cells for which it has an affinity, it is difficult to find them.

Stability of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Antibodies in Postmortem Samples

1994 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 13578J ◽  
Author(s):  
Pekka J. Karhunen ◽  
Henrikki Brummer-Korvenkontio ◽  
Pauli Leinikki ◽  
Marcus Nyberg
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Antibodies

scholarly journals Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies in Greenland.

1987 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-62
Author(s):  
N S Pedersen ◽  
E Lauritzen ◽  
B O Lindhardt
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Antibodies

scholarly journals Efficacy of a Less-Sensitive Enzyme Immunoassay (3A11-LS) for Early Diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection in Infants

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1282-1285
Author(s):  
Debra Candal ◽  
Marc Bulterys ◽  
Elaine J. Abrams ◽  
Richard W. Steketee ◽  
Bharat S. Parekh
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Antibodies ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Rule Out

ABSTRACT We evaluated a less-sensitive enzyme immunoassay (3A11-LS) for its possible use for early diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in infants. The results were compared with those from the immunoglobulin G-capture enzyme immunoassay. A total of 239 sera from 77 infants were tested. All 25 sera from the 10 infants born to seronegative mothers were found to be negative by both assays. Forty-one seroreverting infants showed a complete decay of maternal antibodies by 4 months by the 3A11-LS assay. However, the assay detected HIV antibodies in only 9 (36%) of 25 sera collected from infected infants between 4 and 6 months and in 27 (63%) of 43 sera collected after 6 months of age. Further analysis with alternative cutoff values indicated that the 3A11-LS had a sensitivity of 12 to 44% and a specificity of 90 to 100% for infants between 4–6 months of age. This data suggest that a diagnosis of HIV infection in some of the infants could be made after 4 months of age by the 3A11-LS assay, although a negative 3A11-LS test result may not rule out infection and may require a further followup.

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