scholarly journals Measuring precise radial velocities on individual spectral lines

2018 ◽  
Vol 620 ◽  
pp. A47 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Dumusque
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Spectral Line ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
New Method ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Stellar Activity ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The One ◽  
Individual Line

Context. Stellar activity is the main limitation to the detection of an Earth-twin using the radial-velocity (RV) technique. Despite many efforts in trying to mitigate the effect of stellar activity using empirical and statistical techniques, it seems that we are facing an obstacle that will be extremely difficult to overcome using current techniques. Aims. In this paper, we investigate a novel approach to derive precise RVs considering the wealth of information present in high-resolution spectra. Methods. This new method consists of building a master spectrum from all available observations and measure the RVs of each individual spectral line in a spectrum relative to this master. When analysing several spectra, the final product of this approach is the RVs of each individual line as a function of time. Results. We demonstrate on three stars intensively observed with HARPS that our new method gives RVs that are extremely similar to the one derived from the HARPS data reduction software. Our new approach to derive RVs demonstrates that the non-stability of daily HARPS wavelength solution induces night-to-night RV offsets with an standard deviation of 0.4 m s−1, and we propose a solution to correct for this systematic. Finally, and this is probably the most astrophysically relevant result of this paper, we demonstrate that some spectral lines are strongly affected by stellar activity while others are not. By measuring the RVs on two carefully selected subsample of spectral lines, we demonstrate that we can boost by a factor of two or mitigate by a factor of 1.6 the red noise induced by stellar activity in the 2010 RV measurements of α Cen B. Conclusions. By measuring the RVs of each spectral line, we are able to reach the same RV precision as other approved techniques. In addition, this new approach allows us to demonstrate that each spectral line is differently affected by stellar activity. Preliminary results show that studying in details the behaviour of each spectral line is probably the key to overcome the obstacle of stellar activity.

A novel approach to teach the generation of bioelectrical potentials from a descriptive and quantitative perspective

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Rodriguez-Falces
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fiber ◽  
New Method ◽  
Excitation Source ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Electrical Fields ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Electrophysiological Signals ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Extracellular Potentials

In electrophysiology studies, it is becoming increasingly common to explain experimental observations using both descriptive methods and quantitative approaches. However, some electrophysiological phenomena, such as the generation of extracellular potentials that results from the propagation of the excitation source along the muscle fiber, are difficult to describe and conceptualize. In addition, most traditional approaches aimed at describing extracellular potentials consist of complex mathematical machinery that gives no chance for physical interpretation. The aim of the present study is to present a new method to teach the formation of extracellular potentials around a muscle fiber from both a descriptive and quantitative perspective. The implementation of this method was tested through a written exam and a satisfaction survey. The new method enhanced the ability of students to visualize the generation of bioelectrical potentials. In addition, the new approach improved students' understanding of how changes in the fiber-to-electrode distance and in the shape of the excitation source are translated into changes in the extracellular potential. The survey results show that combining general principles of electrical fields with accurate graphic imagery gives students an intuitive, yet quantitative, feel for electrophysiological signals and enhances their motivation to continue their studies in the biomedical engineering field.

scholarly journals Execute Elementary Row and Column Operations on the Partitioned Matrix to Compute M-P InverseA†

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingping Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Explicit Formula ◽  
New Method ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Elimination Process ◽  
Rectangular Matrix ◽  
The One

We first study the complexity of the algorithm presented in Guo and Huang (2010). After that, a new explicit formula for computational of the Moore-Penrose inverseA†of a singular or rectangular matrixA. This new approach is based on a modified Gauss-Jordan elimination process. The complexity of the new method is analyzed and presented and is found to be less computationally demanding than the one presented in Guo and Huang (2010). In the end, an illustrative example is demonstrated to explain the corresponding improvements of the algorithm.

The public's right to know in liberal-democratic thought vs. The people's obligation to know in Hebrew law

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuriel Rashi
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
The Other ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
Media Ethics ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

This study compares the codes of media ethics adopted by the PCCPress Complaints Commission, the IFJInternational Federation of Journalists and the SPJSociety of Professional Journalists based on the claim that it is the public's right to know, and examines the origins of this concept. A new approach is presented here which falls between the liberal-democratic approach on the one hand and on the other, the extreme ultra-Orthodox approach that claims that it is the public's duty not to know. This new approach which indicates that it is the public's duty to know has evolved from the analysis of Jewish texts from Biblical times and from the study of events in Jewish community life throughout the world. This novel approach is likely to effect a change in the contents of broadcasts and in the boundaries of media ethics.

Primary Emotions and Recognition of Their Intensities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rim Afdhal ◽  
Ridha Ejbali ◽  
Mourad Zaied
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The One

Abstract The emotion recognition field has two major issues. On the one hand, it is difficult to find the same emotion state in different persons since they may express the same emotion state in various ways. On the other hand, it is also hard to seek the difference between expressions of the same person because some emotion states are too subtle to discriminate. The focus of this work is to solve these two problems by proposing a new approach of emotion recognition. This novel approach allows our emotion recognition system to classify 18 emotions (primary emotions and their intensities). First, we proposed textual definitions of the intensity emotions. Then, we created our emotion recognition system, which is composed of three stages: pre-treatment, feature extraction and classification. We used the deep learning for the feature extraction and the fuzzy logic for the classification. The experimental test demonstrates the efficiency of our system for primary emotions and their intensities’ classification compared to other methods.

New Method for Spectral Line Shape Fitting and Critique on the Voigt Line Shape Model

1995 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 1438-1453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pekka E. Saarinen ◽  
Jyrki K. Kauppinen ◽  
Jari O. Partanen
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Line ◽  
Line Shape ◽  
Linear Prediction ◽  
Molecular Spectroscopy ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
New Method ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Spectral Line Shape ◽  
Shape Fitting ◽  
Parametric Line

In this work we introduce a new method for testing spectral line shape models and optimizing the parameters in any parametric model. Given some general parametric line shape and a piece of a spectrum, the method finds the optimal values for the parameters and gives a number which tells how well the spectrum under consideration is explained by that model. The number of spectral lines under analysis may be more than one, and their exact locations need not be known. This characteristic follows from the property that the method does not need the information about line positions and amplitudes at all. Thus, in the absence of a singlet line, a set of overlapping lines can also be analyzed. The analysis is carried out in the signal domain by utilizing linear prediction. Application examples of the method to a molecular spectrum measured in gas phase are given. The results suggest that the Voigt line shape, despite its common use, is not a correct model in molecular spectroscopy. Its limitations become evident when one is trying to enhance the resolution by linear prediction, which requires detailed knowledge of the line shape. Instead a stochastic model, which is also tested, turns out to be rather promising.

scholarly journals Novel Approach to Modeling the Seismic Waves in the Areas with Complex Fractured Geological Structures

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Khokhlov ◽  
Polina Stognii
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Unstructured Grids ◽  
Computational Grid ◽  
Characteristic Method ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Geological Structures ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The One ◽  
Seismic Models

This paper presents a novel approach to modeling the propagation of seismic waves in a medium containing subvertical fractured inhomogeneities, typical for mineralization zones. The developed method allows us to perform calculations on a structural computational grid, which avoids the construction of unstructured grids. For the calculations, the grid-characteristic method is used. We also present a comparison of the proposed method with the one described at earlier works and discuss the areas of its practical application. As an example, the numerical results for a cluster of subvertical fractures are given. A new approach for modeling fractures makes it quite easy to incorporate fractured objects into the seismic models and perform calculations without using algorithms on unstructured and curved grids.

A New Approach to the Generation of Retractable Plate Structures Based on One-Uniform Tessellations

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aylin Gazi Gezgin ◽  
Koray Korkmaz
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Regular Polygons ◽  
Systematic Method ◽  
Plate Structures ◽  
Single Degree Of Freedom ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Revolute Joints ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The One

Retractable plate structure (RPS) is a family of structures that is a set of cover plates connected by revolute joints. There exists wide range of possibilities related with these structures in architecture. Configuring the suitable shape of rigid plates that are able to be enclosed without any gaps or overlaps in both closed and open configurations and eliminating the possibility of contact between the plates during the deployment have been the most important issues in RPS design process. Many researchers have tried to find the most suitable shape by using kinematical or empirical analysis so far. This study presents a novel approach to find the suitable shape of the plates and their assembly order without any kinematical or empirical analysis. This approach is benefited from the one-uniform mathematical tessellation technique that gives the possibilities of tiling a plate using regular polygons without any gaps or overlaps. In the light of this technique, the shape of the plates is determined as regular polygons and two conditions are introduced to form RPS in which regular polygonal plates are connected by only revolute joints. It should be noted that these plates are not allowed to become overlapped during deployment and form gaps in closed configuration. Additionally, this study aims to reach a single degree-of-freedom (DoF) RPS. It presents a systematic method to convert multi-DoF RPS into single DoF RPS by using the similarity between graph theory and the duality of tessellation.

scholarly journals Seneca’s Phoenician Women — Genre, Structure, Thematic Unity

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-89
Author(s):  
Tomasz Sapota ◽  
◽  
Iwona Słomak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
New Method ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Generic Status ◽  
Thematic Unity ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The One

This article revises current perspectives on the generic status, composition, and subject matter of Phoenician Women by Seneca. It adopts a new approach, focusing on selected elements of text organisation. In particular, emphasis is given to the construction of characters and the analogies and contrasts between them which were already of interest to ancient poetics and rhetoric. Moreover, the article refers to observations, accurate but isolated and largely ignored, made by scholars who recognised Seneca’s originality and suggested that his plays might have been inspired by the declamatory tradition and should be read in the context of evolving postclassical literature. By adopting this perspective, it becomes possible to bring together a large number of partial conclusions that are related to Phoenician Women as well as other plays by Seneca. What is more important, the work brings to light the purposeful composition of the drama and its thematic unity, allowing us to return to the MS versions that until now have been replaced by conjectures, which often distort the meaning of the text. After dismissing the emendations and adopting a new method of reading, Seneca’s Phoenician Women can be regarded as complete and well-organised. The play has certain characteristic features of a tragedy, of all Seneca’s dramas, it is the one most inspired by the genre of declamation and the poetics of Seneca the Elder’s anthology, and it is an example of the use of plot material typical of tragedy for presenting the problem of pietas in all its complexity.

Collecting Words: A Clinical Example of a Morphology-Focused Orthographic Intervention

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Murphy ◽  
Emily A. Diehm
Keyword(s):  
Written Language ◽  
Morphological Knowledge ◽  
English Orthography ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
The One ◽  
Critical Intervention ◽  
Reading And Spelling ◽  
Reading And Spelling Difficulties

Purpose Morphological interventions promote gains in morphological knowledge and in other oral and written language skills (e.g., phonological awareness, vocabulary, reading, and spelling), yet we have a limited understanding of critical intervention features. In this clinical focus article, we describe a relatively novel approach to teaching morphology that considers its role as the key organizing principle of English orthography. We also present a clinical example of such an intervention delivered during a summer camp at a university speech and hearing clinic. Method Graduate speech-language pathology students provided a 6-week morphology-focused orthographic intervention to children in first through fourth grade ( n = 10) who demonstrated word-level reading and spelling difficulties. The intervention focused children's attention on morphological families, teaching how morphology is interrelated with phonology and etymology in English orthography. Results Comparing pre- and posttest scores, children demonstrated improvement in reading and/or spelling abilities, with the largest gains observed in spelling affixes within polymorphemic words. Children and their caregivers reacted positively to the intervention. Therefore, data from the camp offer preliminary support for teaching morphology within the context of written words, and the intervention appears to be a feasible approach for simultaneously increasing morphological knowledge, reading, and spelling. Conclusion Children with word-level reading and spelling difficulties may benefit from a morphology-focused orthographic intervention, such as the one described here. Research on the approach is warranted, and clinicians are encouraged to explore its possible effectiveness in their practice. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12290687

A New Approach for the Analysis of Mixture Toxicity Data

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 2345-2348 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. N. Haas
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Mixture Toxicity ◽  
New Method ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Toxicity Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Negative Interactions

A new method for the quantitative analysis of multiple toxicity data is described and illustrated using a data set on metal exposure to copepods. Positive interactions are observed for Ni-Pb and Pb-Cr, with weak negative interactions observed for Ni-Cr.

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