scholarly journals Greened pedestrian linkage for Yangon central business district with its open spaces

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Myo Thu Aung ◽  
Alexander Belkin
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Land Utilization ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Effective Part ◽  
Business District

Yangon has passed a phase of rapid constructional development. This development has resulted in the growth of Yangon over its previous administrative boundaries and in tremendous changes of land use. Changes in land use have led to a growing number of environmental problems and a lack of infrastructure. The negative effects of spontaneous land use pattern, such as insufficient land use and damage of the natural resources along with the urban environmental problems of the mega-size urban area, can hardly be overcome after arising. They have to be minimized in advance by a foresight concept of efficient framework for land utilization pattern of future urban expansion in the Yangon City. This city has higher population density due to more accessible and positive economic situations than other areas. In this paper, the greened pedestrian linkage for Yangon Central Business District (C.B.D.), in which the largest number of colonial period buildings in Southeast Asia is located, is suggested. The essential requirements for the improvement and landscaping links are indicated, and this linkage may be an effective part of the green areas for the city’s ecological framework.

scholarly journals Predicting Urban Expansion and Urban Land Use Changes in Nakhon Ratchasima City Using A CA-Markov Model under Two Different Scenarios

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chotchaiwong ◽  
Wijitkosum
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Markov Model ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Landsat 7

This study focused on the prediction of land-use changes in Nakhon Ratchasima city using a CA-Markov Model with GIS. Satellite images taken by Landsat-5 (1992), Landsat-7 (2002) and THEOS (2016) were used to predict land use in 2026. In 1992, the most proportion of land usage was built-up areas (47.76%) and followed by green areas (37.45%), bare lands (13.19%), and water bodies (1.60%), respectively. In 2002, the land use comprised built-up areas (56.04%), green areas (35.52%), bare lands (4.80%) and water bodies (3.63%). By 2016, urbanisation had changed the land use pattern, which comprised built-up areas (70.80%), green areas (20.78%), bare lands (6.37%), and water bodies (2.03%). The data were analysed using a change detection matrix and revealed an increase in built-up area at the expense of all other types, especially green areas. The results were in accordance with the prediction model created in two scenarios. Scenario 1 assumed city expansion following past trends, built-up areas (85.88%), green areas (11.67%), bare lands (2.15%), and water bodies (0.30%). Scenario 2 assumed city expansion in accordance with the national strategy, built-up areas (74.91%), green areas (15.77%), bare lands (8.48%), and water bodies (0.84%). The results indicated an expansion of built-up areas and a shrinking of green areas. In Scenario 2, urban expansion was less than in Scenario 1, and preserving the green area seemed more feasible due to governmental restrictions. The results indicated that planning the urbanisation according to the policies development plans, especially in specific areas, contributed to a more efficient urbanisation growth. The city should provide to promote the use of floor area ratio (FAR) and open space ratio (OSR) with urban planning measures as well as increasing the green areas.

Reconnaissance Mapping for Land-use Planning in the Natal Drakensberg, South Africa

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald G. Garland ◽  
J. Pelham Chisholm ◽  
Colin R. Christian
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Mass Movement ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Reconnaissance Survey ◽  
Adequate Understanding ◽  
Geomorphological Processes ◽  
Detailed Work

Changes in land-use can have an important effect on rates of erosion and denudation. In order to avoid accelerating erosion rates, decision makers in land-use planning require adequate information on the contemporary geomorphological processes and hydrology of areas where modifications in the land-use pattern are envisaged. The first phase in the acquisition of the information is the reconnaissance survey, which shows where and how the erosional status of an area is likely to be affected, and also acts as a foundation on which to base more detailed work in the future.The Solitude area is an active erosional system, dominated by mass movement and fluvial processes. The rate of removal of material is likely to be increased by modifications in land-use which, from other points of view, would be considered entirely suitable for the area. Therefore, if accelerated denudation is to be avoided, projects involving land-use changes should be implemented only by those having an adequate understanding of the mechanism of geomorphological processes operating in the area.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impacts of Urban Expansion on Habitat Quality by Combining the Concepts of Land Use, Landscape, and Habitat in Two Urban Agglomerations in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huina Wang ◽  
Lina Tang ◽  
Quanyi Qiu ◽  
Huaxiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Habitat Quality ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Urban Agglomerations

Understanding the spatiotemporal variability of habitat quality as a function of land-use changes is important for expanding scientific knowledge of ecological conservation. In this study, the impacts of land-use change on habitat quality were assessed in two urban agglomerations in China at different stages of development, namely (1) the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration (YRDUA), which has reached the middle and late stage of urbanization, and (2) the Golden Triangle of Southern Fujian (GTSF), which has reached the middle and early stage. The Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) habitat quality model was applied to determine the habitat quality and the degree of habitat degradation in these two agglomerations. Overall, the habitat quality in the YRDUA was found to be clearly inferior to that in the GTSF. In the GTSF, more than 65% of the habitat was of good or excellent quality, whereas in the YRDUA, less than 45% of the habitat reached this quality. By combining the concepts of land use, landscape, and habitat, the boundary of degradation and the general increase in habitat quality from 2000 to 2015 were found to be mainly related to the landform, the dominant landscape, and the concentration of non-habitat areas. Additionally, the type, distribution, and fragmentation of the dominant habitat were shown to play important roles in habitat quality. Moreover, changes in industrial composition over time were demonstrated to be critical drivers of changes in areas of construction land.

scholarly journals The effect of local land-use changes on floristic diversity during the past 1000 years in southern Sweden

The Holocene ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 694-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Fredh ◽  
Florence Mazier ◽  
Petra Bragée ◽  
Per Lagerås ◽  
Mats Rundgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Landscape Characteristics ◽  
Heterogeneous Landscape

The relationship between land-use and floristic diversity in the landscape, for the last millennia, is analysed from two small lakes in southern Sweden. Pollen analysis and the Local Vegetation Estimates (LOVE) model are used to quantify land-cover at local scales with 100-year time windows. Floristic richness is estimated using palynological richness, and we introduce LOVE-based evenness as a proxy for floristic evenness on a local scale based on the LOVE output. The results reveal a dynamic land-use pattern, with agricultural expansion during the 13th century, a partly abandoned landscape around AD 1400, re-establishment during the 15th–17th centuries and a transition from traditional to modern land-use during the 20th century. We suggest that the more heterogeneous landscape and the more dynamic land-use during the 13th–19th centuries were of substantial importance for achieving the high floristic diversity that characterises the traditional landscape. Pollen-based studies of this type are helpful in identifying landscape characteristics and land-use practices that are important for floristic diversity and may therefore guide the development of ecosystem management strategies aiming at mitigating the on-going loss of species seen in the landscape of southern Sweden and many other regions worldwide.

scholarly journals Land Use Changes and Environmental Problems Caused by Bank Erosion: A Case Study of the Kolubara River Basin in Serbia

10.5772/50580 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavoljub Dragicevic ◽  
Nenad Zivkovic ◽  
Mirjana Roksandic ◽  
Stanimir Kostadinov ◽  
Ivan Novkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Bank Erosion ◽  
Environmental Problems

scholarly journals The Exploration of Urban Material Anabolism Based on RS and GIS Methods: Case Study in Jinchang, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Shuqi He ◽  
Xingpeng Chen ◽  
Zilong Zhang ◽  
Zhaoyue Wang ◽  
Mengran Hu
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
High Resolution Satellite Images

As an open artificial ecosystem, the development of a city requires the continuous input and output of material and energy, which is called urban metabolism, and includes catabolic (material-flow) and anabolic (material-accumulation) processes. Previous studies have focused on the catabolic and ignored the anabolic process due to data and technology problems. The combination of remote-sensing technology and high-resolution satellite images facilitates the estimation of cumulative material amounts in urban systems. This study focused on persistent accumulation, which is the metabolic response of urban land use/urban land expansion, building stock, and road stock to land-use changes. Building stock is an extremely cost-intensive and long-lived component of cumulative metabolism. The study measured building stocks of Jinchang, China’s nickel capital by using remote-sensing images and field-research data. The development of the built environment could be analyzed by comparing the stock of buildings on maps representing different time periods. The results indicated that material anabolism in Jinchang is a distance-dependent function, where the amounts and rates of material anabolism decrease with changes in distance to the central business district (CBD) and city administration center (CAC). The cumulative metabolic rate and cumulative total metabolism were observed to be increasing, however, the growth rate has decreased.

Predicting School Closures in an Era of Austerity: The Case of Chicago

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Weber ◽  
Stephanie Farmer ◽  
Mary Donoghue
Keyword(s):  
Central Business District ◽  
Capital Budgeting ◽  
School Closure ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Rational Decision Making ◽  
Multinomial Logit Models ◽  
Business District ◽  
Closure Decisions

What factors do administrators consider when (dis)investing in public facilities? We model school closure decisions in Chicago from 2003 to 2013 with multinomial logit models that estimate the decision to close or “turnaround” schools as a function of building, student, geographic, political, and neighborhood factors during two mayoral administrations. The results from our specifications validate the “official” rationale for closures and turnarounds: Low test scores are associated with closures and turnarounds under Mayor Daley, and underutilization is associated with closures under Mayor Emanuel. However, our findings also reveal some distance between technical-rational decision making and the realities of capital budgeting under austerity. The race of students and proximity to both the Central Business District and charter schools also predicted closures. This suggests multiple, potentially conflicting, interests that school districts balance to serve the needs of school-age populations and taxpayers and also the potential for burdening already vulnerable populations with the negative effects of disinvestment.

Recent ecological trajectory of lake Taihu and land-use history reconstructed from lake sediment DNA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charline Giguet-Covex ◽  
Qi Lin ◽  
Ludovic Gielly ◽  
Fabien Arnaud ◽  
Ke Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Trophic State ◽  
Lake Taihu ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Lake Ecosystems ◽  
Agriculture Industry ◽  
Yangtze Floodplain

<p>More than 80% of shallow lake ecosystems in the Yangtze floodplain suffer significant disturbances from the 50’s, especially eutrophication. These environmental degradations and subsequent loss of services are related with the important and rapid development of the agriculture, industry, urban areas and the population boom in the region. Lake Taihu is one of the largest lakes of the floodplain and represents an important water resource (for drinking and fishing) for the population of the two big cities on the lake shore. This lake experimented two shifts toward the degradation of the trophic state: one in the 50-60’s and a second in 80’s.</p><p>In order to document the causes of these ecological shifts, we applied the DNA metabarcoding approach on lake sediments and focused on plants as proxy of land use. Whereas this proxy has been successfully applied in many lakes over the world, it has never been tested in large shallow lakes and not in China either.</p><p>We show important changes in land use in 50’s and 80’s related with agricultural developments (i.e. intensification) and urban expansion, respectively. In fact, in the 50’s crop plants are increasing (rapeseed and/or cabbage, rice and/or wheat, barley and <em>Poaceae</em>) whereas in 80’s, we record the development of several plants associated to gardens (e.g. ornamental species). Moreover, this last period is characterised by the presence of trees mostly cultivated along stream banks to protect dikes against erosion. Between the 80’s and the years 2000, the plant diversity recorded in the sediment strongly increase, which may be due to higher detrital inputs (i.e. more efficient DNA transfer). The timing in land-use changes corresponds to the main shifts in lake trophic state.</p>

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