Rare earth elements in deposited hard coal fly ash in Poland

Rare Earth Elements (REEs), due to their unique properties, are nowadays a desirable raw material, especially in the development of modern technologies. This paper describes a 4-step research methodology for the task of identifying the potential for REE recovery in landfilled fly ash. A literature analysis was performed on their significance, occurrence in both primary and secondary deposits. Opportunities for REE recovery from coal fly ash in conventional power plants were identified and selected technologies were described. Poland, as a country whose energy sector is to a large extent based on coal, has a potential in this respect. Taking into account studies of the Polish Central Statistical Office (GUS) and forecasts of the Polish energy policy, the article determines the approximate value of REE in the waste stream from coal-fired power plants burning hard coal.

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Study of Extraction of Rare Earth Elements from Hard Coal Fly Ash

Inżynieria Mineralna ◽

10.29227/im-2020-01-71 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ingrid ZNAMENÁČKOVÁ ◽

Silvia DOLINSKÁ ◽

Slavomír HREDZÁK ◽

Vladimír ČABLÍK ◽

Michal LOVÁS ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Rare Earth ◽

Fly Ash ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Coal Fly Ash ◽

Size Reduction ◽

Hard Coal ◽

Alternative Possibility ◽

Laboratory Results ◽

By Products

Rare earth elements (REEs) extraction from wastes and/or by-products is alternative possibility of their winning. The occurrence ofREEs, namely 50.1 ppm of La, 100.1 ppm of Ce and 44.3 ppm of Nd was confirmed in solid fly ash samples from the coal fired heatingplant (TEKO, Inc. Košice, eastern Slovakia). The submitted contribution presents laboratory results of REEs leaching from coal fly ashusing 3M HCl, HNO3, H2SO4 and H3PO4 at 80°C during 120 min.It was found, that recoveries 65.5% of La, 64.4% Ce and 64.3% of Nd into liquor may be attained after grain size reduction to below5 μm.

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Coal fly ash as a resource for rare earth elements

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-015-4111-9 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (12) ◽

pp. 9464-9474 ◽

Cited By ~ 127

Author(s):

Wojciech Franus ◽

Małgorzata M. Wiatros-Motyka ◽

Magdalena Wdowin

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Fly Ash ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Coal Fly Ash

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Study on the modes of occurrence of rare earth elements in coal fly ash by statistics and a sequential chemical extraction procedure

Fuel ◽

10.1016/j.fuel.2018.09.139 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 237 ◽

pp. 555-565 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Jinhe Pan ◽

Changchun Zhou ◽

Mengcheng Tang ◽

Shanshan Cao ◽

Cheng Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Fly Ash ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Coal Fly Ash ◽

Extraction Procedure ◽

Chemical Extraction ◽

Modes Of Occurrence ◽

Sequential Chemical Extraction

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Selective Recovery of Rare Earth Elements from Coal Fly Ash Leachates Using Liquid Membrane Processes

Environmental Science & Technology ◽

10.1021/acs.est.9b00539 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 53 (8) ◽

pp. 4490-4499 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Ryan C. Smith ◽

Ross K. Taggart ◽

James C. Hower ◽

Mark R. Wiesner ◽

Heileen Hsu-Kim

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Fly Ash ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Liquid Membrane ◽

Coal Fly Ash ◽

Membrane Processes ◽

Selective Recovery

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Bioleaching of trace elements and rare earth elements from coal fly ash

International Journal of Coal Science & Technology ◽

10.1007/s40789-019-0238-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 74-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Stephen Park ◽

Yanna Liang

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Rare Earth ◽

Fly Ash ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Coal Fly Ash

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Fly Ash, from Recycling to Potential Raw Material for Mesoporous Silica Synthesis

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano10030474 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 474 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Marius Gheorghe Miricioiu ◽

Violeta-Carolina Niculescu

Keyword(s):

Fly Ash ◽

Mesoporous Silica ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Power Plants ◽

Circulating Fluidized Bed ◽

Structural Characteristics ◽

Silica Content ◽

Raw Material ◽

Hard Coal ◽

High Level

In order to meet the increasing energy demand and to decrease the dependency on coal, environmentally friendly methods for fly ash utilization are required. In this respect, the priority is to identify the fly ash properties and to consider its potential as raw material in the obtaining of high-value materials. The physico-chemical and structural characteristics of the fly ash coming from various worldwide power plants are briefly presented. The fly ash was sampled from power plants where the combustion of lignite and hard coal in pulverized-fuel boilers (PC) and circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers was applied. The fly ash has high silica content. Due to this, the fly ash can be considered a potential raw material for the synthesis of nanoporous materials, such as zeolites or mesoporous silica. The samples with the highest content of SiO2 can be used to obtain mesoporous silica materials, such as MCM-41 or SBA-15. The resulting mesoporous silica can be used for removing/capture of CO2 from emissions or for wastewater treatment. The synthesis of various porous materials using wastes would allow a high level of recycling for a sustainable society with low environmental impact.

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