scholarly journals A novel method for the absolute end-to-end calibration of the Auger fluorescence telescopes

2019 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 05013
Author(s):  
Hermann-Josef Mathes
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Light Source ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Integrating Sphere ◽  
Fluorescence Detector ◽  
Optical Components ◽  
Fluorescence Light ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
End To End

The fluorescence detector technique is using the atmosphere as a calorimeter. Besides the precise monitoring of the parameters of the atmosphere a proper knowledge of the optical properties in the UV range of all optical components involved in the measurements of the fluorescence light is vital. Until now, the end-to-end calibration was performed with a 4.5 m2 large, uniformly lit light source attached to the aperture of the telescopes. To improve the maintainability we propose an alternative setup where a small and lightweight light source of known optical properties re-samples the measurement of the big light source piece by piece. This will be achieved by moving the light source based on an integrating sphere in two dimensions in front of the aperture. A prototype setup has been installed and we are currently optimizing the parameters of the system and the procedures. The aim is to reduce the effort for the procedure without diminishing the quality of the measurement. First measurements with this setup have already been performed and the measurements of the geometrical and optical properties of the light source are an ongoing activity. We present our calibration scheme and the first, preliminary results.

Light source based on a 100 mm-long monolithic undulator magnet with a very short 4 mm-period length

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1902-1910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Yamamoto ◽  
Shigeru Kashiwagi ◽  
Shinichi Masuda ◽  
Nobuhiko Nakanii ◽  
Tomonao Hosokai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Period Length ◽  
Calculated Spectrum ◽  
Fundamental Radiation ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Electron Photon ◽  
Photon Science

A novel method to fabricate undulator magnets of a-few-millimetre-period length is being explored. Plate-type magnets, 100 mm-long with 4 mm-period length, have been successfully fabricated. They produce an undulator field of approximately 3 kG at a gap of 1.6 mm. Prototype undulators based on this technology have been constructed. Field measurements and characterization show that the quality of the undulator field of these plate magnets is sufficient for an undulator light source, and the calculated spectrum shows that the fundamental radiation emitted from this field is quite satisfactory. Test experiments for light generation using a real electron beam have been carried out at a test accelerator at the Research Center for Electron Photon Science (ELPH), Tohoku University, Japan, which is able to realize optics conditions to accept a very short gap of ∼1.6 mm. First observation and characterization of blue light was successfully accomplished.

A transmission electron microscopic study of structural transitions in fast ionic conductors

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 156-157
Author(s):  
R. B. Queenan ◽  
P. K. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Ionic Conduction ◽  
Recent Observation ◽  
Ionic Conductivities ◽  
Sodium Aluminate ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Ionic Conductors ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Trivalent Cations

Na ß“-alumina (Na1.67Mg67Al10.33O17) is a non-stoichiometric sodium aluminate which exhibits fast ionic conduction of the Na+ ions in two dimensions. The Na+ ions can be exchanged with a variety of mono-, di-, and trivalent cations. The resulting exchanged materials also show high ionic conductivities.Considerable interest in the Na+-Nd3+-ß“-aluminas has been generated as a result of the recent observation of lasing in the pulsed and cw modes. A recent TEM investigation on a 100% exchanged Nd ß“-alumina sample found evidence for the intergrowth of two different structure types. Microdiffraction revealed an ordered phase coexisting with an apparently disordered phase, in which the cations are completely randomized in two dimensions. If an order-disorder transition is present then the cooling rates would be expected to affect the microstructures of these materials which may in turn affect the optical properties. The purpose of this work was to investigate the affect of thermal treatments upon the micro-structural and optical properties of these materials.

Self-Assembly Optical Components

2003 ◽  
Vol 771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel I. Lazarev ◽  
Michael V. Paukshto ◽  
Elena N. Sidorenko
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Crystalline State ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Optical Components ◽  
Crystal Film ◽  
Solid Film ◽  
Thin Crystal

AbstractWe report a new method of Thin Crystal Film deposition. In the present paper we describe the method of crystallization, structure, and optical properties of Bisbenzimidazo[2,1-a:1',2',b']anthra[2,1,9-def:6,5,10-d'e'f']-diisoquinoline-6,9-dion (mixture with cis-isomer) (abbreviated DBI PTCA) sulfonation product. The Thin Crystal Film has a thickness of 200-1000 nm, with anisotropic optical properties such as refraction and absorption indices. X-ray diffraction data evidences a lyotropic liquid crystalline state in liquid phase and crystalline state in solid film. Anisotropic optical properties of the film make it useful in optical devices, e.g. liquid crystal displays.

Fluorescent Nanotechnology: An Evolution in Optical Sensors

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilawar Hassan ◽  
Hadi Bakhsh ◽  
Asif M. Khurram ◽  
Shakeel A. Bhutto ◽  
Nida S. Jalbani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Environmental Contaminants ◽  
Fluorescent Nanoparticles ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Optical Properties Of Materials ◽  
Fluorescent Nanomaterials

Background: The optical properties of nanomaterials have evolved enormously with the introduction of nanotechnology. The property of materials to absorb and/or emit specific wavelength has turned them into one of the most favourite candidates to be effectively utilized in different sensing applications e.g organic light emission diodes (OLEDs) sensors, gas sensors, biosensors and fluorescent sensors. These materials have been reported as a sensor in the field of tissue and cell imaging, cancer detection and detection of environmental contaminants etc. Fluorescent nanomaterials are heling in rapid and timely detection of various contaminants that greatly impact the quality of life and food, that is exposed to these contaminants. Later, all the contaminants have been investigated to be most perilous entities that momentously affect the life span of the animals and humans who use those foods which have been contaminated. Objective: In this review, we will discuss about various methods and approaches to synthesize the fluorescent nanoparticles and quantum dots (QDs) and their applications in various fields. The application will include the detection of various environmental contaminants and bio-medical applications. We will discuss the possible mode of action of the nanoparticles when used as sensor for the environmental contaminants as well as the surface modification of some fluorescent nanomaterials with anti-body and enzyme for specific detection in animal kingdom. We will also describe some RAMAN based sensors as well as some optical sensing-based nanosensors. Conclusion: Nanotechnology has enabled to play with the size, shape and morphology of materials in the nanoscale. The physical, chemical and optical properties of materials change dramatically when they are reduced to nanoscale. The optical properties can become choosy in terms of emission or absorption of wavelength in the size range and can result in production of very sensitive optical sensor. The results show that the use of fluorescent nanomaterials for the sensing purposes are helping a great deal in the sensing field.

Quality of life in Hungarian polio survivors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Viktória Miszory ◽  
Melinda Járomi ◽  
Annamária Pakai
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emotional Role ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Polio Survivors

Abstract Aim The number of Hungarian polio patients can be estimated at approximately 3000. Polio infection is currently affecting people 56–65 years of age. The aim of the study was to reveal the quality of life of patients living with polio virus in Hungary. Subject and methods The quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in January–April 2017 among polyomyelitis patients living in Hungary. In the non-random, targeted, expert sample selection, the target group was composed of patients infected with poliovirus (N = 268). We have excluded those who refused to sign the consent statement. Our data collection method was an SF-36 questionnaire. Using the IBM SPSS Statistics Version 22 program, descriptive and mathematical statistics (χ2-test) were calculated (p < 0.05). Results The mean age of the members of the examined population is 63.5 years; 68.1% were women and 31.90% were men. The majority of the respondents were infected by the polyovirus in 1956 (11.9%), 1957 (24.3%), and 1959 (19.5%). Polio patients, with the exception of two dimensions (mental health, social operation), on the scale of 100 do not reach the “average” quality of life (physical functioning 23 points, functional role 36 points, emotional role 47 points, body pain 48 points, general health 42 points, vitality 50 points, health change 31 points). Conclusion The quality of life of polio patients is far below the dimensions of physical function, while the difference in mental health compared to healthy people is minimal. It would be important to educate health professionals about the existing disease, to develop an effective rehabilitation method.

scholarly journals AI-based localization and classification of skin disease with erythema

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Min Son ◽  
Wooho Jeon ◽  
Jinhyun Kim ◽  
Chan Yeong Heo ◽  
Hye Jin Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Sensitivity Score ◽  
Common Skin ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
High Level

AbstractAlthough computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) is used to improve the quality of diagnosis in various medical fields such as mammography and colonography, it is not used in dermatology, where noninvasive screening tests are performed only with the naked eye, and avoidable inaccuracies may exist. This study shows that CAD may also be a viable option in dermatology by presenting a novel method to sequentially combine accurate segmentation and classification models. Given an image of the skin, we decompose the image to normalize and extract high-level features. Using a neural network-based segmentation model to create a segmented map of the image, we then cluster sections of abnormal skin and pass this information to a classification model. We classify each cluster into different common skin diseases using another neural network model. Our segmentation model achieves better performance compared to previous studies, and also achieves a near-perfect sensitivity score in unfavorable conditions. Our classification model is more accurate than a baseline model trained without segmentation, while also being able to classify multiple diseases within a single image. This improved performance may be sufficient to use CAD in the field of dermatology.

Use of a general purpose integrating sphere as a low intensity near-UV extended uniform light source

Optik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 167169
Author(s):  
Martin Vacula ◽  
Pavel Horvath ◽  
Ladislav Chytka ◽  
Kai Daumiller ◽  
Ralph Engel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Integrating Sphere ◽  
Low Intensity
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