scholarly journals Observation of Wildfire Smoke Transport and PBL Variation During Summer 2018 Listos Campaign in New York City

2020 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 03019
Author(s):  
Yonghua Wu ◽  
Kaihui Zhao ◽  
Jianping Huang ◽  
Dingdong Li ◽  
Mark Arend ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Tropospheric Ozone ◽  
Long Island Sound ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Wildfire Smoke ◽  
Smoke Transport

Air pollution associated with wildfire smoke transport and heat wave in summer pose serious public health concerns in the populated New York City (NYC) area. In this study, we present a synergistic lidar, ceilometer and in-situ observation for wildfire smoke transport and planetary-boundary-layer (PBL) variation in the NYC urban and coastal area during the summer 2018 Long Island Sound Tropospheric Ozone (O3) Study (LISTOS). A dense smoke plume and mixing into PBL on August 15-17, 2018 was analyzed while the coincident enhancement of PM2.5, CO and O3 exceedance of NAAQS was demonstrated from both the observation and model. In addition, we show the temporal-spatial variation and difference of the PBL-height (PBLH) in the NYC urban and its coastal vicinity. We further evaluate the NAM-CMAQ model forecast of O3, PM2.5 and PBLH with the ground observations.

In Situ Observations of Pinnipeds in New York City, 2011-2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-249
Author(s):  
Kevin L. Woo ◽  
Kristy L. Biolsi
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
In Situ Observations

scholarly journals Relative sea-level trends in New York City during the past 1500 years

The Holocene ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1169-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C Kemp ◽  
Troy D Hill ◽  
Christopher H Vane ◽  
Niamh Cahill ◽  
Philip M Orton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
21St Century ◽  
York City ◽  
Long Island Sound ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
The Past ◽  
Range Change ◽  
Island Sound

New York City (NYC) is threatened by 21st-century relative sea-level (RSL) rise because it will experience a trend that exceeds the global mean and has high concentrations of low-lying infrastructure and socioeconomic activity. To provide a long-term context for anticipated trends, we reconstructed RSL change during the past ~1500 years using a core of salt-marsh sediment from Pelham Bay in The Bronx. Foraminifera and bulk-sediment δ13C values were used as sea-level indicators. The history of sediment accumulation was established by radiocarbon dating and recognition of pollution and land-use trends of known age in down-core elemental, isotopic, and pollen profiles. The reconstruction was generated within a Bayesian hierarchical model to accommodate multiple proxies and to provide a unified statistical framework for quantifying uncertainty. We show that RSL in NYC rose by ~1.70 m since ~575 CE (including ~0.38 m since 1850 CE). The rate of RSL rise increased markedly at 1812–1913 CE from ~1.0 to ~2.5 mm/yr, which coincides with other reconstructions along the US Atlantic coast. We investigated the possible influence of tidal-range change in Long Island Sound on our reconstruction using a regional tidal model, and we demonstrate that this effect was likely small. However, future tidal-range change could exacerbate the impacts of RSL rise in communities bordering Long Island Sound. The current rate of RSL rise is the fastest that NYC has experienced for >1500 years, and its ongoing acceleration suggests that projections of 21st-century local RSL rise will be realized.

scholarly journals Synergistic aircraft and ground observations of transported wildfire smoke and its impact on air quality in New York City during the summer 2018 LISTOS campaign

2021 ◽  
Vol 773 ◽  
pp. 145030
Author(s):  
Yonghua Wu ◽  
Amin R. Nehrir ◽  
Xinrong Ren ◽  
Russell R. Dickerson ◽  
Jianping Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
York City ◽  
Wildfire Smoke

scholarly journals Evaluating Sentinel-5P TROPOMI tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> column densities with airborne and Pandora spectrometers near New York City and Long Island Sound

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura M. Judd ◽  
Jassim A. Al-Saadi ◽  
James J. Szykman ◽  
Lukas C. Valin ◽  
Scott J. Janz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Long Island ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Long Island Sound ◽  
Vertical Column ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Reference Measurements ◽  
Island Sound

Abstract. Abundant NO2 column measurements from airborne and ground-based Pandora spectrometers were collected as part of the 2018 Long Island Sound Tropospheric Ozone Study (LISTOS) in the New York City/Long Island Sound region and coincided with early measurements from the Sentinel-5P TROPOMI instrument. Both airborne- and ground-based measurements are used to evaluate the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) NO2 Tropospheric Vertical Column (TrVC) product v1.2 in this region, which has high spatial and temporal heterogeneity in NO2. First, airborne and Pandora TrVCs are compared to evaluate the uncertainty of the airborne TrVC and establish the spatial representativeness of the Pandora observations. The 171 coincidences between Pandora and airborne TrVCs are found to be highly correlated (r2=0.92 and slope of 1.03) with the biggest individual differences being associated with high temporal and/or spatial variability. These reference measurements (Pandora and airborne) are complementary with respect to temporal coverage and spatial representivity. Pandora spectrometers can provide continuous long-term measurements but may lack areal representivity when operated in direct-sun mode. Airborne spectrometers are typically only deployed for short periods of time, but their observations are more spatially representative of the satellite measurements with the added capability of retrieving at subpixel resolutions of 250 m × 250 m over the entire TROPOMI pixels they overfly. Thus, airborne data are more correlated with TROPOMI measurements (r2=0.96) than Pandora measurements are with TROPOMI (r2=0.84). The largest outliers between TROPOMI and the reference measurements are caused by errors in the TROPOMI retrieval of cloud pressure impacting the calculation of tropospheric air mass factors in cloud-free scenes. This factor causes a high bias in TROPOMI TrVCs of 4–11 %. Excluding these cloud-impacted points, TROPOMI has an overall low bias of 19–33% during the LISTOS timeframe of June–September 2018. Part of this low bias is caused by coarse a priori profile input from TM5-MP model; replacing these profiles with those from a 12 km NAMCMAQ analysis results in a 12–14 % increase in the TrVCs. Even with this improvement, the TROPOMI-NAMCMAQ TrVCs have a 7–19 % low bias, indicating needed improvement in a priori assumptions in the air mass factor calculation. Future work should explore additional impacts of a priori inputs to further assess the remaining low biases in TROPOMI using these datasets.

scholarly journals Reproductive Health Concerns among Substance-Using Women in Community Corrections in New York City: Understanding the Role of Environmental Influences

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 594-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anindita Dasgupta ◽  
Alissa Davis ◽  
Louisa Gilbert ◽  
Dawn Goddard-Eckrich ◽  
Nabila El-Bassel
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
York City ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Community Corrections ◽  
Health Concerns

scholarly journals Pathology of Fatal West Nile Virus Infections in Native and Exotic Birds during the 1999 Outbreak in New York City, New York

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Steele ◽  
M. J. Linn ◽  
R. J. Schoepp ◽  
N. Komar ◽  
T. W. Geisbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
York City ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
West Nile ◽  
The Brain

West Nile fever caused fatal disease in humans, horses, and birds in the northeastern United States during 1999. We studied birds from two wildlife facilities in New York City, New York, that died or were euthanatized and were suspected to have West Nile virus infections. Using standard histologic and ultrastructural methods, virus isolation, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, we identified West Nile virus as the cause of clinical disease, severe pathologic changes, and death in 27 birds representing eight orders and 14 species. Virus was detected in 23/26 brains (88%), 24/25 hearts (96%), 15/18 spleens (83%), 14/20 livers (70%), 20/20 kidneys (100%), 10/13 adrenals (77%), 13/14 intestines (93%), 10/12 pancreata (83%), 5/12 lungs (42%), and 4/8 ovaries (50%) by one or more methods. Cellular targets included neurons and glial cells in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral ganglia; myocardial fibers; macrophages and blood monocytes; renal tubular epithelium; adrenal cortical cells; pancreatic acinar cells and islet cells; intestinal crypt epithelium; oocytes; and fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. Purkinje cells were especially targeted, except in crows and magpies. Gross hemorrhage of the brain, splenomegaly, menin-goencephalitis, and myocarditis were the most prominent lesions. Immunohistochemistry was an efficient and reliable method for identifying infected cases, but the polyclonal antibody cross-reacted with St. Louis encephalitis virus and other flaviviruses. In contrast, the in situ hybridization probe pWNV-E (WN-USAMRIID99) reacted only with West Nile virus. These methods should aid diagnosticians faced with the emergence of West Nile virus in the United States.

scholarly journals The Impact of Tidal Phase on Hurricane Sandy's Flooding Around New York City and Long Island Sound

2014 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 1450006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nickitas Georgas ◽  
Philip Orton ◽  
Alan Blumberg ◽  
Leah Cohen ◽  
Daniel Zarrilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
York City ◽  
Long Island ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Long Island Sound ◽  
Astronomical Tide ◽  
East River ◽  
Island Sound

How do the local impacts of Hurricane Sandy's devastating storm surge differ because of the phase of the normal astronomical tide, given the spatiotemporal variability of tides around New York? In the weeks and months after Hurricane Sandy's peak surge came ashore at the time of local high tide at the southern tip of Manhattan and caused record-setting flooding along the New York and New Jersey coastline, this was one question that government officials and critical infrastructure managers were asking. For example, a simple superposition of the observed peak storm surge during Sandy on top of high tide in Western Long Island Sound comes within 29 cm (less than a foot) of the top elevation of the Stamford Hurricane barrier system which would have been overtopped by 60 cm surface waves riding over that storm tide. Here, a hydrodynamic model study of how shifts in storm surge timing could have influenced flood heights is presented. Multiple flood scenarios were evaluated with Stevens Institute of Technology's New York Harbor Observing and Prediction System model (NYHOPS) having Hurricane Sandy arriving any hour within the previous or next tidal cycle (any hour within a 26-hour period around Sandy's actual landfall). The simulated scenarios of Sandy coming between 7 and 10 hours earlier than it did were found to produce the worst coastal flooding in the Upper East River, Western and Central Long Island Sound among the evaluated cases. Flooding would have generally been worse compared to the real Sandy in Connecticut and the areas of New York City around the Upper East River between the boroughs of Queens and the Bronx, exceeding record flood heights. However, the New York Harbor region would still have seen its record flood elevation exceeded, so the storm's impact could have been more widespread. The hydrodynamic model results suggest that the still-water levels would have risen to within 75 cm of the top elevation of the Stamford storm surge barrier, 46 cm lower than the naïve superposition of astronomical tide and storm surge.

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