scholarly journals Redescription of the Siamese shield leech Placobdelloides siamensis with new host species and geographic range

Parasite ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krittiya Chiangkul ◽  
Poramad Trivalairat ◽  
Watchariya Purivirojkul
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Body Width ◽  
New Host ◽  
First Time ◽  
Maximum Body ◽  
Care Behavior ◽  
New Host Species

The Siamese shield leech Placobdelloides siamensis (Oka, 1917) Sawyer, 1986 (Euhirudinea: Glossiphoniidae) was collected from five new host species, Southeastern Asian Box Turtle (Cuora amboinensis), Yellow-headed Temple Turtle (Heosemys annandalii), Malayan Snail-eating Turtle (Malayemys macrocephala), Mekong Snail-eating Turtle (M. subtrijuga), and Khorat Snail-eating Turtle (M. khoratensis) and was found for the first time in Udon Thani, Thailand. Examination of live leeches provided, for the first time, data on coloration and the combination of parental care behavior, both carrying cocoons and attaching cocoons to the substrate. This species was separated from its congeners based on the following characters: one pair of eyes; spines at proboscis subterminal; mouth terminal on oral sucker; absent plaque in neck region; gonopores located in furrow and separated by two annuli; distinctly triannulated mid-body segments; crop with seven pairs and branched caeca; caudal sucker slightly over half of maximum body width; and strongly dorsal papillae. Phylogenetic relationships based on the COI and ND1 genes were clarified and demonstrated that the species is distinct from others. The original description was amended and the taxonomic history is discussed.

Mites of the family Syringophilidae (Acariformes: Cheyletoidea) parasitizing waxbills of the genus Estrilda (Passeriformes: Estrildidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1799-1808
Author(s):  
Maciej Skoracki ◽  
Martin Hromada ◽  
Petra Prevuznakova ◽  
Wanyoike Wamiti
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Species ◽  
New Host ◽  
Quill Mites ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species ◽  
New Host Species

Quill mites (Acariformes: Prostigmata: Syringophilidae) parasitizing waxbills of genus Estrilda Swainson (Aves: Passeriformes: Estrildidae) from the Sub-Saharan region are studied for the first time. Among them, a new species, Syringophiloidus estrildus sp. nov., is described and new host species for Neosyringophilopsis lonchurus Skoracki, 2008, Neoaulonastus oryzivorus (Skoracki, 2011) comb. nov., and Picobia lonchurae Skoracki et al., 2016 are recorded. In our study, we examined 120 specimens belonging to seven of the 16 (44%) species of the genus Estrilda. The prevalence of infestation by syringophilid species varied from 3.7 to 25%. The host and habitat (feather type) specificity are discussed. 

scholarly journals Three new host species of Plagiorchis micracanthos (Macy, 1931) (Trematodes: Plagorchiidae) among North American bats (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-158
Author(s):  
M. Heddergott ◽  
P. Steinbach
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Host Species ◽  
New Host ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Lasiurus Cinereus ◽  
Antrozous Pallidus ◽  
Little Brown Bat ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pallid Bat ◽  
New Host Species

Summary We report new records of the trematode, Plagiorchis micracanthos from three North American bats. For the first time, the parasite is reported to occur in the hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus), California myotis (Myotis californicus) and the pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus). The western small-footed bat (Myotis ciliolabrum), little brown bat (M. lucifugus) and the western pipistrelle (Parastellus hesperus) are confirmed as host species. The trematodes were isolated from the small intestines of the host individuals. For the first time, we identified P. micracanthos in bats originating from Canada and Mexico. The results presented here suggest that the trematode P. micracanthos has a much larger host range and geographic distribution than previously recognised. It is likely that further studies will confirm this results and extent both host and geographic ranges even further.

scholarly journals New and noteworthy lichenicolous and bryophylous fungi from the Ukrainian Carpathians

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Valeriy Darmostuk ◽  
Alexander Khodosovtsev ◽  
Jan Vondrak ◽  
Olha Sira
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
New Host ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Host Species

Nine species, Acremonium rhabdosporum, Arthonia digitatae, Bryocentria metzgeriae, Diplolaeviopsis cf. symmictae, Skyttea gregaria, Rhymbocarpus pubescens, Stromatopogon cladoniae, Tremella cetrariicola and Xenonectriella subimperspicua, are newly reported for Ukraine. Sphinctrina anglica is recollected for the first time since 1955. Parmelia saxatilis and Parmelina pastillifera are new host species for X. subimperspicua.

scholarly journals Noteworthy lichenicolous fungi and lichens from Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail P. Zhurbenko
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Lichenized Fungi ◽  
Hypogymnia Physodes ◽  
New Host ◽  
Northern Asia ◽  
The North ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Host Species

Notes are presented on seven species of lichenicolous, non-lichenized and lichenized fungi found in the Asian part of Russia. Endococcus pseudocarpus is reported for the first time for Northern Asia as well as for the Irkutsk Region of Russia. Plectocarpon hypogymniae and P. nephromeum are reported new to the Irkutsk Region, Taeniolella diploschistis new to the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Steinia geophana new to Chukotka Autonomous Area, and Epigloea soleiformis new to the north of the Krasnoyarsk Territory of Russia. Hypogymnia physodes is reported as a new host species for Plectocarpon hypogymniae.

First data on chigger mites (Acariformes: Trombiculidae) of Saudi Arabia, with a description of four new species

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1937-1963
Author(s):  
Alexandr A Stekolnikov ◽  
Samia Q Al-Ghamdi ◽  
Abdulaziz N Alagaili ◽  
Benjamin L Makepeace
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
New Species ◽  
Host Species ◽  
African Continent ◽  
New Host ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Host Species

A collection of chigger mites from three species of rodents in the ꞌAsir Region of Saudi Arabia resulted in the finding of 19 species. Four new species are described: Schoutedenichia asirensis sp. nov., Schoutedenichia saudi sp. nov., Microtrombicula microscuta sp. nov., and Microtrombicula muhaylensis sp. nov. Fifteen species – Gahrliepia lawrencei Jadin and Vercammen-Grandjean, 1952, Schoengastiella wansoni Wolfs and Vercammen-Grandjean, Walchia parvula Schluger, Ascoschoengastia browni Taufflieb, Mouchet and Courtois, Helenicula lukshumiae Nadchatram and Traub, Schoutedenichia thracica Kolebinova, Schoutedenichia zarudnyi Kudryashova, Ericotrombidium caucasicum (Schluger), Ericotrombidium galliardi (Vercammen-Grandjean and Taufflieb), Ericotrombidium kazeruni (Kudryashova), Microtrombicula centropi (Vercammen-Grandjean), Microtrombicula hoogstraali (Radford), Microtrombicula hyracis (Vercammen-Grandjean), Microtrombicula traubi (Muljarskaja and Verdieva), and Pentidionis agamae (André) – are for the first time recorded in Saudi Arabia and on new host species. Six of them are for the first time recorded outside their type localities and five were only known previously from the African continent.

Descriptions of the postembryonic developmental stages of Hatschekia bifurcata Yamaguti & Yamasu, 1959 (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida, Hatschekiidae)

Crustaceana ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 709-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiko Izawa
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Diagnostic Feature ◽  
Free Living ◽  
New Host ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ventral Process ◽  
New Host Species

A series of descriptions of postembryonic developmental stages of Hatschekia bifurcata Yamaguti & Yamasu, 1959 is presented based on free-living larvae reared from eggs detached from ovigerous females recovered from the branchial lamellae of Aulacocephalus temmincki Bleeker, 1855, as well as on copepodids I-VI from A. temmincki and Diploprion bifasciatum Cuvier, 1828 (Pisces, Perciformes, Serranidae). The number of naupliar stages preceding the infective copepodid I is three in this species as in H. multibarbatae Izawa, 2015. A diagnostic feature of the species, a hook-like ventral process on the fourth antennular segment of the female, is regarded as an enlarged seta and was found to appear after copepodid V. A correction in the previously given setation of leg 2 and a complemental description of the antennule of the adult female are made. The male of this species is herein described for the first time. The sexes become distinct at copepodid III, and then growth curves of both sexes diverge stage by stage, as in H. multibarbatae. Aulacocephalus temmincki is reported as a new host species for H. bifurcata.

Review of KoreanLatibulus(Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae) and a key to the world species

2012 ◽  
Vol 144 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Ho Oh ◽  
Seung-Lak An ◽  
Jong-Wook Lee
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Species ◽  
New Host ◽  
World Species ◽  
The World ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Unidentified Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Host Species

AbstractThe Korean species of the genusLatibulusGistel (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) are reviewed. Two new species and a key to nine species are presented:Latibulus argiolus(Rossi),Latibulus bilacunitusSheng and Xu,Latibulus flavopetiolusOh and Lee new species,Latibulus fulvusOh and Lee new species,Latibulus hokkaidensisLee and Oh,Latibulus lautus(Tosquinet),Latibulus liaoningensisShenget al.,Latibulus nigrinotum(Uchida), andLatibulus orientalisHorstmann. The genus is reported from Mongolia for the first time, based on the cocoon of an unidentified species.Polistes chinensis antennalisPérez andPolistes jadwigae jadwigaeDalla Torre (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) are reported as new host species for the genus andL. nigrinotum, respectively.

Regressive evolution of an effector following a host jump in the Irish Potato Famine Pathogen Lineage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin K. Zess ◽  
Yasin F. Dagdas ◽  
Esme Peers ◽  
Abbas Maqbool ◽  
Mark J. Banfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Irish Potato ◽  
Sequence Motif ◽  
New Host ◽  
Regressive Evolution ◽  
Host Environment ◽  
Host Jump ◽  
Potato Famine ◽  
Irish Potato Famine ◽  
New Host Species

AbstractIn order to infect a new host species, the pathogen must evolve to enhance infection and transmission in the novel environment. Although we often think of evolution as a process of accumulation, it is also a process of loss. Here, we document an example of regressive evolution in the Irish potato famine pathogen (Phytophthora infestans) lineage, providing evidence that a key sequence motif in the effector PexRD54 has degenerated following a host jump. We began by looking at PexRD54 and PexRD54-like sequences from across Phytophthora species. We found that PexRD54 emerged in the common ancestor of Phytophthora clade 1b and 1c species, and further sequence analysis showed that a key functional motif, the C-terminal ATG8-interacting motif (AIM), was also acquired at this point in the lineage. A closer analysis showed that the P. mirabilis PexRD54 (PmPexRD54) AIM appeared unusual, the otherwise-conserved central residue mutated from a glutamate to a lysine. We aimed to determine whether this PmPexRD54 AIM polymorphism represented an adaptation to the Mirabilis jalapa host environment. We began by characterizing the M. jalapa ATG8 family, finding that they have a unique evolutionary history compared to previously characterized ATG8s. Then, using co-immunoprecipitation and isothermal titration calorimetry assays, we showed that both full-length PmPexRD54 and the PmPexRD54 AIM peptide bind very weakly to the M. jalapa ATG8s. Through a combination of binding assays and structural modelling, we showed that the identity of the residue at the position of the PmPexRD54 AIM polymorphism can underpin high-affinity binding to plant ATG8s. Finally, we conclude that the functionality of the PexRD54 AIM was lost in the P. mirabilis lineage, perhaps owing to as-yet-unknown pressure on this effector in the new host environment.Author SummaryPathogens evolve in concert with their hosts. When a pathogen begins to infect a new host species, known as a “host jump,” the pathogen must evolve to enhance infection and transmission. These evolutionary processes can involve both the gain and loss of genes, as well as dynamic changes in protein function. Here, we describe an example of a pathogen protein that lost a key functional domain following a host jump, a salient example of “regressive evolution.” Specifically, we show that an effector protein from the plant pathogen Phytopthora mirabilis, a host-specific lineage closely related to the Irish potato famine pathogen Phytopthora infestans, has a derived amino acid polymorphism that results in a loss of interaction with certain host machinery.

scholarly journals The AntCardiocondyla elegansas Host of the Enigmatic Endoparasitic FungusMyrmicinosporidium durum

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Julia Giehr ◽  
Jürgen Heinze ◽  
Alexandra Schrempf
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
New Host ◽  
High Infection ◽  
New Host Species

Data on host species and the distribution of the endoparasitic fungusMyrmicinosporidium durumincreased continuously in recent decades. Here, we add the antCardiocondyla elegansas new host species. Colonies of the monogynous species were found infested in the region of Languedoc-Roussillon (South France). Samples from the nest indicate high infection rates. All castes and sexes were infected by the spores. Variations of infection rates between sampling methods and species are discussed.

scholarly journals Oswaldocruzia duboisi (Nematoda, Molineidae): Morphology, Hosts and Distribution in Ukraine

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. e-1-e-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Svitin ◽  
Y. Kuzmin
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Triturus Cristatus ◽  
New Host ◽  
Hyla Arborea ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Host Records

Oswaldocruzia duboisi(Nematoda, Molineidae): Morphology, Hosts and Distribution in UkraineOswaldocruzia duboisiBen Slimane, Durette-Desset et Chabaud, 1993 previously known from France and Bulgaria is reported from Ukraine for the first time. The species was found in the material from 8 amphibian host species, of whichLissotriton montadoni, Triturus cristatus, Mesotriton alpestris, Pelophylax ridibunda, P. lessonae, andHyla arboreaare new host records. Newts (Salamandridae) and green frogs (Pelophylax) are considered to be typical hosts forO. duboisi. Illustrated morphological redescription ofO. duboisibased on 141 specimens from various hosts is presented.

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