Regional Brain Activity in Functional Dyspepsia: A H215O-PET Study on the Role of Gastric Sensitivity and Abuse History

AbstractDelayed phase 18F-FP-CIT PET (dCIT) can assess the striatal dopamine transporter binding to detect degenerative parkinsonism (DP). Early phase 18F-FP-CIT (eCIT) can assess the regional brain activity for differential diagnosis among parkinsonism similar with 18F-FDG PET. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of dual phase 18F-FP-CIT PET (dual CIT) and 18F-FDG PET compared with clinical diagnosis in 141 subjects [36 with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD), 77 with multiple system atrophy (MSA), 18 with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and 10 with non-DP)]. Visual assessment of eCIT, dCIT, dual CIT, 18F-FDG and 18F-FDG PET with dCIT was in agreement with the clinical diagnosis in 61.7%, 69.5%, 95.7%, 81.6%, and 97.2% of cases, respectively. ECIT showed about 90% concordance with non-DP and MSA, and 8.3% and 27.8% with IPD and PSP, respectively. DCIT showed ≥ 88% concordance with non-DP, IPD, and PSP, and 49.4% concordance with MSA. Dual CIT showed ≥ 90% concordance in all groups. 18F-FDG PET showed ≥ 90% concordance with non-DP, MSA, and PSP, but only 33.3% concordance with IPD. The combination of 18F-FDG and dCIT yielded ≥ 90% concordance in all groups. Dual CIT may represent a powerful alternative to the combination of 18F-FDG PET and dCIT for differential diagnosis of parkinsonian disorders.

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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Regional Brain Activity in Patients with Intracerebral Gliomas: Findings and Implications for Clinical Management

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1097/00006123-199602000-00019 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 329-338 ◽

Cited By ~ 168

Author(s):

Scott W. Atlas ◽

Robert S. Howard ◽

Joseph Maldjian ◽

David Alsop ◽

John A. Detre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Clinical Management ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Regional Brain ◽

Regional Brain Activity

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Plasma Kynurenine Level is Associated With Left DLPFC Activity and Can Predict Treatment Response in Major Depressive Disorder

10.21203/rs.3.rs-911537/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Toshiharu Kamishikiryo ◽

Go Okada ◽

Eri Itai ◽

Yoshikazu Masuda ◽

Satoshi Yokoyama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treatment Response ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Depression Score ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Regional Brain ◽

Left Dlpfc ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽

Regional Brain Activity

Abstract To establish treatment response biomarkers that reflect the pathophysiology of depression, it is important to use an integrated set of features that are promising as biomarkers. This study aimed to determine the relationship between blood metabolites related to treatment response to escitalopram and regional brain activity at rest and to find the characteristics of depression that respond to treatment. Blood metabolite levels and resting brain activity were measured in patients with depression (N = 65) before and after 6 weeks treatment with escitalopram and healthy controls (N = 36). Thirty-two patients (49.2%) showed clinical response (>50% reduction in Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression score) and were classified as Responders, and the remaining 33 patients were classified as Nonresponders. Pretreatment plasma kynurenine level and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) were lower in Responders, and their elevations after treatment were correlated with improvement in symptoms. Moreover, fALFF of the left DLPFC was significantly correlated with plasma kynurenine level in pretreatment patients with depression and healthy controls. Decreased kynurenine level and resting-state regional brain activity of the left DLPFC may be involved in the pathophysiology of depression in response to escitalopram treatment.

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Estimating regional brain activity from evoked potential fields on the scalp

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering ◽

10.1109/10.237670 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 509-516 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

R. Srebro ◽

R.M. Oguz ◽

K. Hughlett ◽

P.D. Purdy

Keyword(s):

Evoked Potential ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Potential Fields ◽

Regional Brain ◽

Regional Brain Activity

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Evaluation of spontaneous regional brain activity in weight-recovered anorexia nervosa

Translational Psychiatry ◽

10.1038/s41398-020-01081-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Maria Seidel ◽

Daniel Geisler ◽

Viola Borchardt ◽

Joseph A. King ◽

Fabio Bernardoni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resting State ◽

Grey Matter ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Regional Homogeneity ◽

Degree Centrality ◽

Mean Square ◽

Regional Brain ◽

Cortical Grey Matter ◽

Regional Brain Activity

AbstractWhereas research using structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) reports sizable grey matter reductions in patients suffering from acute anorexia nervosa (AN) to be largely reversible already after short-term weight gain, many task-based and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) studies suggest persistent brain alterations even after long-term weight rehabilitation. First investigations into spontaneous regional brain activity using voxel-wise resting-state measures found widespread abnormalities in acute AN, but no studies have compared intrinsic brain activity properties in weight-recovered individuals with a history of AN (recAN) with healthy controls (HCs). SMRI and RSFC data were analysed from a sample of 130 female volunteers: 65 recAN and 65 pairwise age-matched HC. Cortical grey matter thickness was assessed using FreeSurfer software. Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFFs), mean-square successive difference (MSSD), regional homogeneity (ReHo), voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VHMC), and degree centrality (DC) were calculated. SMRI and RSFC data were analysed from a sample of 130 female volunteers: 65 recAN and 65 pairwise age-matched HCs. Cortical grey matter thickness was assessed using FreeSurfer software. Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF), mean-square successive difference (MSSD), regional homogeneity (ReHo), voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VHMC), and degree centrality (DC) were calculated. Abnormal regional homogeneity found in acute AN seems to normalize in recAN, supporting assumptions of a state rather than a trait marker. Aberrant fALFF values in the cerebellum and the infertior temporal gyrus could possibly hint towards trait factors or a scar (the latter, e.g., from prolonged periods of undernutrition), warranting further longitudinal research.

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