Evaluation of spontaneous regional brain activity in weight-recovered anorexia nervosa

AbstractWhereas research using structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) reports sizable grey matter reductions in patients suffering from acute anorexia nervosa (AN) to be largely reversible already after short-term weight gain, many task-based and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) studies suggest persistent brain alterations even after long-term weight rehabilitation. First investigations into spontaneous regional brain activity using voxel-wise resting-state measures found widespread abnormalities in acute AN, but no studies have compared intrinsic brain activity properties in weight-recovered individuals with a history of AN (recAN) with healthy controls (HCs). SMRI and RSFC data were analysed from a sample of 130 female volunteers: 65 recAN and 65 pairwise age-matched HC. Cortical grey matter thickness was assessed using FreeSurfer software. Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFFs), mean-square successive difference (MSSD), regional homogeneity (ReHo), voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VHMC), and degree centrality (DC) were calculated. SMRI and RSFC data were analysed from a sample of 130 female volunteers: 65 recAN and 65 pairwise age-matched HCs. Cortical grey matter thickness was assessed using FreeSurfer software. Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF), mean-square successive difference (MSSD), regional homogeneity (ReHo), voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VHMC), and degree centrality (DC) were calculated. Abnormal regional homogeneity found in acute AN seems to normalize in recAN, supporting assumptions of a state rather than a trait marker. Aberrant fALFF values in the cerebellum and the infertior temporal gyrus could possibly hint towards trait factors or a scar (the latter, e.g., from prolonged periods of undernutrition), warranting further longitudinal research.

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Plasma Kynurenine Level is Associated With Left DLPFC Activity and Can Predict Treatment Response in Major Depressive Disorder

10.21203/rs.3.rs-911537/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Toshiharu Kamishikiryo ◽

Go Okada ◽

Eri Itai ◽

Yoshikazu Masuda ◽

Satoshi Yokoyama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treatment Response ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Depression Score ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Regional Brain ◽

Left Dlpfc ◽

Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽

Regional Brain Activity

Abstract To establish treatment response biomarkers that reflect the pathophysiology of depression, it is important to use an integrated set of features that are promising as biomarkers. This study aimed to determine the relationship between blood metabolites related to treatment response to escitalopram and regional brain activity at rest and to find the characteristics of depression that respond to treatment. Blood metabolite levels and resting brain activity were measured in patients with depression (N = 65) before and after 6 weeks treatment with escitalopram and healthy controls (N = 36). Thirty-two patients (49.2%) showed clinical response (>50% reduction in Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression score) and were classified as Responders, and the remaining 33 patients were classified as Nonresponders. Pretreatment plasma kynurenine level and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) were lower in Responders, and their elevations after treatment were correlated with improvement in symptoms. Moreover, fALFF of the left DLPFC was significantly correlated with plasma kynurenine level in pretreatment patients with depression and healthy controls. Decreased kynurenine level and resting-state regional brain activity of the left DLPFC may be involved in the pathophysiology of depression in response to escitalopram treatment.

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Abnormalities of intrinsic regional brain activity in first-episode and chronic schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of resting-state functional MRI

Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience ◽

10.1503/jpn.180245 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 55-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jiaying Gong ◽

Junjing Wang ◽

Xiaomei Luo ◽

Guanmao Chen ◽

Huiyuan Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Mri ◽

Resting State ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Chronic Schizophrenia ◽

First Episode ◽

Regional Brain ◽

Regional Brain Activity

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A resting-state functional MRI study on the effect of vagal nerve stimulation on spontaneous regional brain activity in drug-resistant epilepsy patients

Behavioural Brain Research ◽

10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112709 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 392 ◽

pp. 112709

Author(s):

Jin Zhu ◽

Cuiping Xu ◽

Xi Zhang ◽

Liang Qiao ◽

Xueyuan Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Mri ◽

Nerve Stimulation ◽

Resting State ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Vagal Nerve ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Regional Brain ◽

Regional Brain Activity ◽

Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽

Mri Study

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Altered intrinsic regional brain activity in female asthmatics with or without depressive symptoms: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Journal of Asthma ◽

10.3109/02770903.2016.1161050 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 53 (9) ◽

pp. 922-929 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Xingyu Xiong ◽

Hongru Zhu ◽

Ting Wang ◽

Yulin Ji

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Resting State ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Imaging Study ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study ◽

Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Regional Brain ◽

Regional Brain Activity

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Altered patterns of fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation and regional homogeneity in abstinent methamphetamine-dependent users

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-87185-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

An Xie ◽

Qiuxia Wu ◽

Winson Fu Zun Yang ◽

Chang Qi ◽

Yanhui Liao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resting State ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Regional Homogeneity ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Frequency Fluctuation ◽

Early Recovery ◽

Left Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽

The Right

AbstractMethamphetamine (MA) could induce functional and structural brain alterations in dependent subjects. However, few studies have investigated resting-state activity in methamphetamine-dependent subjects (MADs). We aimed to investigate alterations of brain activity during resting-state in MADs using fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo). We analyzed fALFF and ReHo between MADs (n = 70) and healthy controls (HCs) (n = 84) and performed regression analysis using MA use variables. Compared to HCs, abstinent MADs showed increased fALFF and ReHo values in the bilateral striatum, decreased fALFF in the left inferior frontal gyrus, and decreased ReHo in the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex, sensorimotor cortex, and left precuneus. We also observed the fALFF values of bilateral striatum were positively correlated with the age of first MA use, and negatively correlated with the duration of MA use. The fALFF value of right striatum was also positively correlated with the duration of abstinence. The alterations of spontaneous cerebral activity in abstinent MADs may help us probe into the neurological pathophysiology underlying MA-related dysfunction and recovery. Since MADs with higher fALFF in the right striatum had shorter MA use and longer abstinence, the increased fALFF in the right striatum might implicate early recovery during abstinence.

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