scholarly journals Impact of rapid versus gradual changes in arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide on blood flow and myocardial oxygenation in an experimental anaesthetized model

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. S13-S14
Author(s):  
A. Kauert-Willms ◽  
K. Fischer ◽  
N. Shie ◽  
J. Lebel ◽  
M.G. Friedrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Partial Pressure ◽  
Myocardial Oxygenation

PULMONARY FUNCTION, DEDUCED FROM URINARY NITROGEN TENSIONS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 937-938
Author(s):  
M. E. A.
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Urine Sample ◽  
Pulmonary Blood Flow ◽  
Lung Perfusion ◽  
Alveolar Ventilation ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Urinary Nitrogen

THE elegant studies reported by Led-better, Homma, and Farhi in this issue are entitled `'Readjustment in Distribution of Alveolar Ventilation and Lung Perfusion in the Newborn." It must come as a great surprise to the reader to discover that the only measurement actually made was the partial pressure of nitrogen in the infants' urine. How could one conclude that there were significant imbalances between the distribution of alveolar ventilation and pulmonary blood flow (VA/Q) in the first days of life in normal infants from a urine sample? It is all the more astounding in the light of previous (and seemingly more direct) studies of alveolar-arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide differences which led others to consider the differences largely explained by anatomical right-to-left shunts.

scholarly journals Second-generation laryngeal mask airway as an alternative to endotracheal tube during prolonged laparoscopic abdominal surgery: a comparative analysis of intraoperative gas exchanges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Park ◽  
JE Lee ◽  
GS Choi ◽  
JM Kim ◽  
JS Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Laryngeal Mask Airway ◽  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Laryngeal Mask ◽  
Arterial Partial Pressure ◽  
Prolonged Surgery

Introduction: Despite several advantages over endotracheal tube (ETT), laryngeal mask airway (LMA), which is used in emergencies under difficult airway maintenance conditions, is rarely utilized in prolonged surgery. We compared the variables representing intraoperative gas exchange with second-generation LMA and ETT during prolonged laparoscopic abdominal surgery. Methods: Prolonged surgery was defined as a surgery lasting more than 2 h. In total, 394 patients who underwent laparoscopic liver resection via either second-generation LMA or ETT were retrospectively analysed. Parameters including end-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide (ETCO2), tidal volume (TV), respiratory rate (RR), peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), pH, and ratio of arterial partial pressure of oxygen to fractional inspired oxygen (PFR) during surgery were compared between the two groups. In addition, the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC) including pulmonary aspiration was also compared. Results: The values of ETCO2, TV, RR and PIP during pneumoperitoneum were comparable between the two groups. Although PaCO2 at 2 h after induction was higher in patients with LMA (40.5 vs. 38.5 mmHg, p < 0.001), the pH and PFR values of the two groups were comparable. The incidence of PPC was not different. Conclusion: During prolonged laparoscopic abdominal surgery, the second-generation LMA facilitates adequate intraoperative gas exchange and represents an alternative to ETT.

scholarly journals Effect of elevations of coronary artery partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pco2) on coronary blood flow

1986 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1175-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric R. Powers ◽  
Kenneth S. Bannerman ◽  
Ingrid Fitz-James ◽  
Paul J. Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Coronary Blood Flow

Pulmonary Function after Emergence on 100% Oxygen in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 1146-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel T. Kleinsasser ◽  
Iris Pircher ◽  
Suzan Truebsbach ◽  
Hans Knotzer ◽  
Alexander Loeckinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Blood Flow ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Arterial Partial Pressure ◽  
Oxygen Breathing

Abstract Background: During emergence from anesthesia, breathing 100% oxygen is frequently used to provide a safety margin toward hypoxemia in case an airway problem occurs. Oxygen breathing has been shown to cause pulmonary gas exchange disorders in healthy individuals. This study investigates how oxygen breathing during emergence affects lung function specifically whether oxygen breathing causes added hypoxemia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods: This trial has been conducted in a parallel-arm, case-controlled, open-label manner. Fifty-three patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were randomly allocated (computer-generated lists) to breathe either 100 or 30% oxygen balanced with nitrogen during emergence from anesthesia. Arterial blood gas measurements were taken before induction and at 5, 15, and 60 min after extubation. Results: All participants tolerated the study well. Patients treated with 100% oxygen had a higher alveolar–arterial oxygen pressure gradient (primary outcome) compared with patients treated with 30% oxygen (25 vs. 20 mmHg) and compared with their baseline at the 60-min measurement (25 vs. 17 mmHg). At the 60-min measurement, arterial partial pressure of oxygen was lower in the 100% group (62 vs. 67 mmHg). Arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide and pH were not different between groups or measurements. Conclusions: In this experiment, the authors examined oxygen breathing during emergence—a widely practiced maneuver known to generate pulmonary blood flow heterogeneity. In the observed cohort of patients already presenting with pulmonary blood flow disturbances, emergence on oxygen resulted in deterioration of oxygen-related blood gas parameters. In the perioperative care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, oxygen breathing during emergence from anesthesia may need reconsideration.

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