Novel treatments of mood disorders based on brain circuitry (ECT, MST, TMS, VNS, DBS)

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. George ◽  
Ziad Nahas ◽  
Xiangbao Li ◽  
F. Andrew Kozel ◽  
Berry Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
Brain Circuitry

Thiazolidinediones: novel treatments for cognitive deficits in mood disorders?

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1615-1628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger S McIntyre ◽  
Joanna K Soczynska ◽  
Hanna O Woldeyohannes ◽  
Gary F Lewis ◽  
Lawrence A Leiter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Novel Treatments

scholarly journals 109 - Novel Treatments for Resistant Depression: Comparison of Older and Younger Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
pp. 21-21
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
Emory University ◽  
Resistant Depression

Treatment resistant depression (TRD) is defined as the failure to respond to two adequate antidepressant trials. TRD patients have high levels of psychosocial distress, poor levels of functioning and are at increased risk for suicide. Novel treatment approaches are being developed to address TRD involving both pharmacological and neuromodulation interventions. In this symposium, leaders in the field will outline three strategies for treating depression which has not responded to conventional therapy and contrast the efficacy of these strategies in younger vs. older patients. William McDonald MD (JB Fuqua Professor of Late -Life Depression, Emory University, Atlanta, GA) will provide a brief overview of TRD and moderate the discussion. George Petrides MD (Director of Clinical Trials Operation and Division of ECT, Zucker Hillside Hospital, New York, NY) will discuss recent data from the National Institute of Mental Health sponsored Consortium on ECT Research (CORE) outlining the response of older patients to ultrabrief right unilateral ECT in TRD. He will contrast the response to ECT in older vs, younger patients from the CORE database accumulated over the last 15 years. Collin Reiff MD (Addiction Psychiatrist, New York University Langone Health Center, NY, NY) will discuss his recent review in the American Journal of Psychiatry on Psychedelic and Psychedelic Assisted Psychotherapy and the implications on the treatment of medication resistant depression, including late life mood disorders. The FDA’s breakthrough designation of MDMA for the treatment of PTSD and psilocybin for the treatment of depression reflects the drugs’ potential to treat resistant psychiatric disorders. Psychedelic assisted therapy may play a unique role in late life mood disorders. Finally, Patricio Riva Posse MD (Director of the TRD and Ketamine Clinic, Emory University, Atlanta, GA) will discuss ketamine treatment in resistant depression including a comparison of response rates and safety data on ketamine treatment in older vs. younger patients. He has recently published the largest compilation of safety data for ketamine infusions and he will review a new tool to monitor safety in clinical practice. Dr. Riva Posse is medical director of the Emory TRD program and has enrolled over 1000 patients (100 in his IV ketamine clinic and about half over the age of 60 years) and followed patients through several novel treatments including transcranial magnetic stimulation, ketamine infusion therapy and ECT to start to look at differential response rates.

scholarly journals New Therapeutic Targets for Mood Disorders

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 713-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Machado-Vieira ◽  
Giacomo Salvadore ◽  
Nancy DiazGranados ◽  
Lobna Ibrahim ◽  
David Latov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Targeted Treatments ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Preclinical Animal Models ◽  
New Compounds

Existing pharmacological treatments for bipolar disorder (BPD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are often insufficient for many patients. Here we describe a number of targets/compounds that clinical and preclinical studies suggest could result in putative novel treatments for mood disorders. These include: (1) glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) and protein kinase C (PKC), (2) the purinergic system, (3) histone deacetylases (HDACs), (4) the melatonergic system, (5) the tachykinin neuropeptides system, (6) the glutamatergic system, and (7) oxidative stress and bioenergetics. The paper reviews data on new compounds that have shown antimanic or antidepressant effects in subjects with mood disorders, or similar effects in preclinical animal models. Overall, an improved understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of mood disorders is critical in order to develop targeted treatments that are more effective, act more rapidly, and are better tolerated than currently available therapies.

Developing novel treatments for mood disorders: accelerating discovery

2002 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 589-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol A Tamminga ◽  
Charles B Nemeroff ◽  
Randy D Blakely ◽  
Linda Brady ◽  
Cameron S Carter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Novel Treatments

scholarly journals Targeting Metabolic Dysfunction for the Treatment of Mood Disorders: Review of the Evidence

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 819
Author(s):  
Brett D. M. Jones ◽  
Salman Farooqui ◽  
Stefan Kloiber ◽  
Muhammad Omair Husain ◽  
Benoit H. Mulsant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Specific Symptom ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
Lipid Lowering Agents ◽  
The Impact

Major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are often chronic with many patients not responding to available treatments. As these mood disorders are frequently associated with metabolic dysfunction, there has been increased interest in novel treatments that would target metabolic pathways. The objectives of this scoping review were to synthesize evidence on the impact on mood symptoms of lipid lowering agents and anti-diabetics drugs, while also reviewing current knowledge on the association between mood disorders and dyslipidemia or hyperglycemia. We propose that metabolic dysfunction is prevalent in both MDD and BD and it may contribute to the development of these disorders through a variety of pathophysiological processes including inflammation, brain structural changes, hormonal alterations, neurotransmitter disruptions, alteration on brain cholesterol, central insulin resistance, and changes in gut microbiota. Current evidence is conflicting on the use of statins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, thiazolidinediones, glucagon-like peptide agonists, metformin, or insulin for the treatment of MDD and BD. Given the paucity of high-quality randomized controlled trials, additional studies are needed before any of these medications can be repurposed in routine clinical practice. Future trials need to enrich patient recruitment, include evaluations of mechanism of action, and explore differential effects on specific symptom domains such as anhedonia, suicidality, and cognition.

scholarly journals Embarking on discovering the mechanisms of resilience: combining language use analysis with neuroscience.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Cunha ◽  
German I. Todorov ◽  
Karthikeyan Mayilvahanan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Holocaust Survivors ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Word Use ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Brain Circuitry

Novel treatments in mental health focus on one’s ability to recover and develop resilience. Current concepts are based on The Adaptations Level Theory, which describes the ability of resilient individuals to accustom to new and even downgraded conditions as the new standard, find meaning in trauma, and adapt to new social settings. However, it is not known which treatments specifically help to build up resilience in patients and how to reliably screen for it. Recent studies demonstrated that distinct patterns of language use correlated with various mental health conditions. Utilizing text samples from the Holocaust survivors, we studied language use in resilient individuals compares to people with PTSD and general population. Holocaust survivors' language use was significantly different from PTSD sufferers, which suggests that we detected a possible resilience word use pattern. Next, we looked into the brain circuitry mechanisms that could be involved in resilience. We found that norepinephrine, the key neurotransmitter in stress response, modulated the activity of amygdala circuitry in a non-linear concentration-dependent manner. The shape and other characteristics of this dependency could be associated with the capacity for resilience.

scholarly journals Emerging novel treatments for severe mood disorders involving cellular plasticity cascades

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-190
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Machado-Vieira ◽  
Carlos A. Zarate ◽  
Husseini K. Manji
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Cellular Plasticity ◽  
Novel Treatments

scholarly journals Embarking on Discovering the Mechanisms of Resilience: Combining Language Use Analysis with Neuroscience

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Catarina Cunha ◽  
German Todorov ◽  
Karthikeyan Mayilvahanan ◽  
Catarina Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Holocaust Survivors ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Word Use ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Brain Circuitry

Novel treatments in mental health focus on one’s ability to recover and develop resilience. Current concepts are based on The Adaptations Level Theory, which describes the ability of resilient individuals to accustom to new and even downgraded conditions as the new standard, find meaning in trauma, and adapt to new social settings. However, it is not known which treatments specifically help to build up resilience in patients and how to reliably screen for it. We hypothesize that by analyzing mechanisms of behavior and physiology in resilient individuals, we will be able to strengthen these in people that are struggling to bounce back. Recent studies demonstrated that distinct patterns of language use correlated with various mental health conditions. Utilizing text samples from Holocaust survivors, we compared language use in resilient individuals to people with PTSD and the general population. The Holocaust survivors' language use was significantly different from PTSD sufferers, which suggests that we detected a possible resilience word use pattern. Next, we looked into the brain circuitry mechanisms that could be involved in resilience. We found that norepinephrine, the key neurotransmitter in stress response, modulated the activity of amygdala circuitry in a non-linear concentration-dependent manner. The shape and other characteristics of this dependency could be associated with the capacity for resilience.

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