Comparison of Different Nutritional and Lifestyle Factors between Glaucoma Patients and an Age-Matched Normal Population

Abstract Purpose To compare nutritional and lifestyle factors between glaucoma patients and an age-matched control group. Methods One hundred and ninety (190) glaucoma patients were enrolled in this study. The control group comprised 97 age-matched participants. Data on physical activity, nicotine smoking, and several nutritional habits like coffee and alcohol consumption as well as high-salt and high-protein intake were collected using a standardised questionnaire. Results Age and gender were not statistically significantly different between the groups. There was a tendency for higher physical activity in the glaucoma group in comparison to the control group (47.3 vs. 35.4%; p = 0.056). Statistically significantly more glaucoma patients were nonsmokers (n = 169; 89.4%) compared to the control group (n = 64; 66.7%; p = 0.001). Glaucoma patients were also more often teetotal compared to the control group (21.6% compared to 14.4%; p < 0.001). Similarly, more glaucoma patients drank larger amounts of coffee in comparison to the control group (p = 0.001). One hundred and seventy-six (96.7%) glaucoma patients and 88 (90.7%) control subjects had high-protein intake (p = 0.035). High-salt intake was significantly lower in the glaucoma group (69.3 vs. 73.2%; p = 0.018). Of the 190 glaucoma patients, 81 had early visual field impairments (MD > − 6 dB) and 109 patients had moderate (MD between − 6 dB and − 12 dB) to severe (MD < − 12 dB) visual field defects. The severity of visual field defects, whether early, moderate, or severe, had no statistically significant impact on lifestyle parameters. Conclusion Contrary to our original hypothesis that glaucoma patients would tend to follow an unhealthier lifestyle than the control group, the opposite was seen. Presumably, the cause of this healthier lifestyle is the desire to contribute positively through the course of the disease.

Download Full-text

Comparison between the Correlations of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Measured by Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography and Visual Field Defects in Standard Automated White-on-White Perimetry versus Pulsar Perimetry

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2017/8014294 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Maged Alnawaiseh ◽

Lisann Hömberg ◽

Nicole Eter ◽

Verena Prokosch

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Structure Function ◽

Nerve Fiber ◽

Visual Field Defects ◽

Control Group ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Field Defects ◽

Glaucoma Group

Purpose.To compare the structure-function relationships between retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) and visual field defects measured either by standard automated perimetry (SAP) or by Pulsar perimetry (PP).Materials and Methods.263 eyes of 143 patients were prospectively included. Depending on the RNFLT, patients were assigned to the glaucoma group (group A: RNFL score 3–6) or the control group (group B: RNFL score 0–2). Structure-function relationships between RNFLT and mean sensitivity (MS) measured by SAP and PP were analyzed.Results.Throughout the entire group, the MS assessed by PP and SAP correlated significantly with RNFLT in all sectors. In the glaucoma group, there was no significant difference between the correlations RNFL-SAP and RNFL-PP, whereas a significant difference was found in the control group.Conclusions.In the control group, the correlation between structure and function based on the PP data was significantly stronger than that based on SAP.

Download Full-text

Efficacy and Feasibility of Home-Based Training for Individuals With Homonymous Visual Field Defects

Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair ◽

10.1177/1545968313503219 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 207-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Lina Aimola ◽

Alison R. Lane ◽

Daniel T. Smith ◽

Georg Kerkhoff ◽

Gary A. Ford ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Computer Training ◽

Visual Field Defects ◽

Control Group ◽

Home Based ◽

Response Task ◽

Field Defects

Background. Homonymous visual field defects (HVFDs) are one of the most common consequences of stroke. Compensatory training encourages affected individuals to develop more efficient eye movements to improve function. However, training is typically supervised, which can be time consuming and costly. Objective. To develop and evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of an unsupervised reading and exploration computer training for individuals with HVFDs. Methods. Seventy individuals with chronic HVFDs were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: intervention or control. The former received 35 hours of reading and exploration training, and the latter received 35 hours of control training. Visual and attentional abilities were assessed before and after training using perimetry, visual search, reading, activities of daily living, the Test of Everyday Attention, and a Sustained Attention to Response task. Results. Eighteen individuals failed to complete the training; analyses were conducted on the remaining 28 intervention and 24 control group participants. Individuals in the intervention group demonstrated significant improvements in the primary outcomes of exploration (12.87%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 8.44% to 17.30%) and reading (18.45%, 95% CI = 9.93% to 26.97%), which were significantly greater than those observed following the control intervention (exploration = 4.80%, 95% CI = 0.09% to 9.51%; reading = 1.95%, 95% CI = −4.78% to 8.68%). Participants in the intervention group also reported secondary subjective improvements, although these were not matched by objective gains in tasks simulating activities of daily living. Conclusions. Home-based compensatory training is an inexpensive accessible rehabilitation option for individuals with HVFDs, which can result in objective benefits in searching and reading, as well as improving quality of life.

Download Full-text

High-Protein Intake Enhances the Positive Impact of Physical Activity on BMC in Prepubertal Boys

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research ◽

10.1359/jbmr.070907 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 131-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 67

Author(s):

Thierry Chevalley ◽

Jean-Philippe Bonjour ◽

Serge Ferrari ◽

René Rizzoli

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Positive Impact ◽

High Protein ◽

High Protein Intake ◽

Prepubertal Boys

Download Full-text

Driving with Homonymous Visual Field Defects: Driving Performance and Compensatory Gaze Movements

Journal of Eye Movement Research ◽

10.16910/jemr.8.5.5 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Thomas C. Kübler ◽

Enkelejda Kasneci ◽

Wolfgang Rosenstiel ◽

Kathrin Aehling ◽

Martin Heister ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Safety Margin ◽

Driving Performance ◽

Head Movements ◽

Visual Field Defects ◽

Control Group ◽

Safe Driving ◽

Lane Position ◽

Control Group Subject ◽

Field Defects

Aim of this pilot study was to assess the driving performance and its relationship to the visual search behavior, i.e., eye and head movements, of patients with homonymous visual field defects (HVFDs) in comparison to healthy-sighted subjects during a simulated driving test. Eight HVFD patients and six healthy-sighted age- and gender-matched control subjects underwent a 40-minute driving test with nine hazardous situations. Eye and head movements were recorded during the drive. Four out of eight patients passed the driving test and showed a driving performance similar to that of the control group. One control group subject failed the test. Patients who passed the test showed an increased number of head and eye movements. Patients who failed the test showed a rightwards-bias in average lane position, probably in an attempt to maximize the safety margin to oncoming traffic. Our study supports the hypothesis that a considerable subgroup of subjects with HVFDs show a safe driving behavior, because they adapt their viewing behavior by increased visual scanning.

Download Full-text

High-protein intake and early exercise in adult intensive care patients: a prospective, randomized controlled trial to evaluate the impact on functional outcomes

BMC Anesthesiology ◽

10.1186/s12871-021-01492-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

José Raimundo Araujo de Azevedo ◽

Hugo César Martins Lima ◽

Pedro Henrique Dias Brasiliense Frota ◽

Ivna Raquel Olimpio Moreira Nogueira ◽

Suellen Christine de Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care ◽

Critically Ill ◽

Critically Ill Patients ◽

Protein Intake ◽

High Protein ◽

Control Group ◽

High Protein Intake ◽

Early Exercise ◽

Icu Discharge ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background We evaluated the efficacy of high protein intake and early exercise versus standard nutrition care and routine physiotherapy on the outcome of critically ill patients. Methods We randomized mechanically ventilated patients expected to stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) for 4 days. We used indirect calorimetry to determine energy expenditure and guide caloric provision to the patients randomized to the high protein and early exercise (HPE) group and the control group. Protein intakes were 1.48 g/kg/day and 1.19 g/kg/day medians respectively; while the former was submitted to two daily sessions of cycle ergometry exercise, the latter received routine physiotherapy. We evaluated the primary outcome physical component summary (PCS) score at 3 and 6 months) and the secondary outcomes (handgrip strength at ICU discharge and ICU and hospital mortality). Results We analyzed 181 patients in the HPE (87) and control (94) group. There was no significant difference between groups in relation to calories received. However, the amount of protein received by the HPE group was significantly higher than that received by the control group (p < 0.0001). The PCS score was significantly higher in the HPE group at 3 months (p = 0.01) and 6 months (p = 0.01). The mortality was expressively higher in the control group. We found an independent association between age and 3-month PCS and that between age and group and 6-month PCS. Conclusion This study showed that a high-protein intake and resistance exercise improved the physical quality of life and survival of critically ill patients. Trial registration Research Ethics Committee of Hospital São Domingos: Approval number 1.487.683, April 09, 2018. The study protocol was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03469882, March 19,2018).

Download Full-text