Regulations of Free Fatty Acids and Diabetic Parameters in Drug Naïve Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Treated with Canagliflozin Monotherapy

Drug Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiji Kutoh ◽  
Alexandra N. Kuto ◽  
Askuka Wada ◽  
Rumi Kurihara ◽  
Rina Kojima
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Group A ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
Group B

AbstractThe objective of this study is to investigate the regulations of FFA with canagliflozin in relation to metabolic parameters. Drug naïve subjects with T2DM were administered 50–100 mg/day canagliflozin monotherapy (n=70) for 3 months. Significant correlations between the changes of (Δ) FFA and Δadipo-IR (R=0.496), but no correlations between ΔFFA and ΔHOMA-R were observed. The subjects were divided into three groups with similar numbers according to Δ FFA: group A: highest tertile: (ΔFFA=38.7%, n=23); group B: intermediate tertile: (ΔFFA=2%, n=23); group C: lowest tertile: (ΔFFA=−36%, n=24). Metabolic parameters were compared between group A and group C. At baseline, FFA was higher in group C than group A (p<0.002). Greater degrees of HbA1c reduction and increases of insulin were observed in group C than group A (both p<0.05). In group A, significant reductions of BMI (−2.6%) and HOMA-R (−30%) were seen. In group C, significant reductions of non-HDL-C (−6.2%), UA (−7.6%) or adipo-IR (−28.7%), and increases of HOMA-B (+85.6%) were observed. Taken together, 1) certain population treated with canagliflozin showed decreased FFA. 2) beta-cell function increased while atherogenic cholesterol, UA and adipo-IR decreased in those with reduced FFA. Better glycemic efficacies were seen in these populations. 3) body weight and whole body insulin resistance (HOMA-R) significantly decreased in those with elevated FFA. 4) FFA is linked to adipose insulin resistance (adipo-IR), while it does not appear to impact whole body insulin resistance (HOMA-R).

Insulin resistance and beta cell function in aboriginals with type 2 diabetes in Atlantic Canada

2000 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng H. Tan ◽  
Sethu Reddy ◽  
Jean Abram ◽  
Pantelis Andreou ◽  
Danita Volder
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Atlantic Canada

Circulating miR‐146a, miR‐34a and miR‐375 in type 2 diabetes patients, pre‐diabetic and normal‐glycaemic individuals in relation to β‐cell function, insulin resistance and metabolic parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 1092-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocío E. García‐Jacobo ◽  
Edith E. Uresti‐Rivera ◽  
Diana P. Portales‐Pérez ◽  
Roberto González‐Amaro ◽  
Edgar E. Lara‐Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Diabetes Patients

scholarly journals Sustained Improvements in Glucose Metabolism Late After Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery in Patients with and Without Preoperative Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils B. Jørgensen ◽  
Kirstine N. Bojsen-Møller ◽  
Carsten Dirksen ◽  
Christoffer Martinussen ◽  
Maria S. Svane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Relative Change

Abstract To describe glucose metabolism in the late, weight stable phase after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) in patients with and without preoperative type 2 diabetes we invited 55 RYGB-operated persons from two existing cohorts to participate in a late follow-up study. 44 (24 with normal glucose tolerance (NGT)/20 with type 2 diabetes (T2D) before surgery) accepted the invitation (median follow-up 2.7 [Range 2.2–5.0 years]). Subjects were examined during an oral glucose stimulus and results compared to preoperative and 1-year (1 y) post RYGB results. Glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, beta-cell function and incretin hormone secretion were evaluated. 1 y weight loss was maintained late after surgery. Glycemic control, insulin resistance, beta-cell function and GLP-1 remained improved late after surgery in both groups. In NGT subjects, nadir glucose decreased 1 y after RYGB, but did not change further. In T2D patients, relative change in weight from 1 y to late after RYGB correlated with relative change in fasting glucose and HbA1c, whereas relative changes in glucose-stimulated insulin release correlated inversely with relative changes in postprandial glucose excursions. In NGT subjects, relative changes in postprandial nadir glucose correlated with changes in beta-cell glucose sensitivity. Thus, effects of RYGB on weight and glucose metabolism are maintained late after surgery in patients with and without preoperative T2D. Weight loss and improved beta-cell function both contribute to maintenance of long-term glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes, and increased glucose stimulated insulin secretion may contribute to postprandial hypoglycemia in NGT subjects.

scholarly journals Short adult stature predicts impaired beta-cell function, insulin resistance, glycemia and type 2 diabetes in Finnish men

2016 ◽  
pp. jc.2016-2933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagadish Vangipurapu ◽  
Alena Stančáková ◽  
Raimo Jauhiainen ◽  
Johanna Kuusisto ◽  
Markku Laakso
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Adult Stature

scholarly journals Dipeptidyl-Peptidase-IV Inhibitors, Imigliptin and Alogliptin, Improve Beta-Cell Function in Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Liu ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Hongzhong Liu ◽  
Haiyan Li ◽  
Jianhong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment

ObjectsImigliptin is a novel dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of imigliptin and alogliptin on insulin resistance and beta-cell function in Chinese patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsA total of 37 Chinese T2DM patients were randomized to receive 25 mg imigliptin, 50 mg imigliptin, placebo, and 25 mg alogliptin (positive drug) for 13 days. Oral glucose tolerance tests were conducted at baseline and on day 13, followed by the oral minimal model (OMM).ResultsImigliptin or alogliptin treatment, compared with their baseline or placebo, was associated with higher beta-cell function parameters (φs and φtot) and lower glucose area under the curve (AUC) and postprandial glucose levels. The changes in the AUC for the glucose appearance rate between 0 and 120 min also showed a decrease in imigliptin or alogliptin groups. However, the insulin resistance parameter, fasting glucose, was not changed. For the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-β and HOMA-IR) parameters or secretory units of islets in transplantation index (SUIT), no statistically significant changes were found both within treatments and between treatments.ConclusionsAfter 13 days of treatment, imigliptin and alogliptin could decrease glycemic levels by improving beta-cell function. By comparing OMM with HOMA or SUIT results, glucose stimulation might be more sensitive for detecting changes in beta-cell function.

scholarly journals Effects of Ginger Powder Supplementation on Glycemic Status and Lipid Profile in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M H Elgayar ◽  
M M M Mahdy ◽  
N A Ibrahim ◽  
M H Abdelhafiz
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Glycemic Status ◽  
Ginger Powder ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Diabetes is a huge problem affecting 387 million adults by a global prevalence of (8.3%) which is expected to rise to (10.1%) affecting 592 million adults by 2035. Type 2 diabetes, a growing public health problem, is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Purpose To evaluate the effects of ginger powder supplementation on glycemic status, lipid profile, insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity, and beta-cell function in obese Egyptian patients with new-onset type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Patients and Methods This study was conducted at the Diabetes outpatient clinic of the National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology (NIDE) during the period from January 2016 to January 2017. Study Design A randomized, single blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, was performed on 80 subjects newly diagnosed with T2DM. Subjects were randomly & equally subdivided into two groups: Group 1: Ginger Group (GG), which consumed three capsules daily, each capsule containing: 600-mg of ginger powder (total daily dose was 1.8 g), they also underwent certain diet and physical activity changes, and also received metformin as one 850-mg tablet twice a day with meals for a duration of 8 weeks.Group 2: Placebo Group (PG), which received capsules of the same color, size, and number as (Group 1) but containing wheat flour, they also underwent the same diet, physical activity, and metformin dosage as (Group 1) during the 8 weeks of the study. Results Ginger powder supplementation significantly reduced body mass index, fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting insulin levels, and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index (HOMA2-IR). Ginger also significantly increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, beta cell function index (HOMA2-%β), and insulin sensitivity index (HOMA2-%S). Conclusion Ginger is considered a safe and effective adjuvant antidiabetic agent in treatment of T2DM; improving glycemic status, lipid profile, insulin resistance, and promoting weight loss.

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